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A partial [[mu opioid receptor|µ-opioid receptor]] [[agonist]], its mixed [[agonist]]/[[Receptor antagonist|antagonist]] activity affords it a lower risk of [[physical dependence|dependence]] and [[drug abuse|abuse]] than full µ [[agonist]]s like [[morphine]]. Meptazinol exhibits not only a short onset of action, but also a shorter duration of action relative to other [[opioid]]s such as [[morphine]], [[pentazocine]], or [[buprenorphine]].<ref name="Holmes 1985">{{ cite journal | author = Holmes B, Ward A | title = Meptazinol. A Review of its Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Properties and Therapeutic Efficacy | journal = Drugs | year = 1985 | volume = 30 | issue = 4 | pages = 285–312 | pmid = 2998723 | doi=10.2165/00003495-198530040-00001}}</ref>
It does not appear in the US Controlled Substances Act 1970; it may or may not be regulated as an analogue of controlled relatives such as [[proheptazine]] (ACSCN 9643) It generally is controlled, or not, in the same fashion as [[tramadol]]. In Austria and other European countries it tends to be a non-controlled Rezeptflichtig or prescription-only medication which in some jurisdictions may be subject to local or national regulation allowing it to be dispensed OTC at the discretion of a registered pharmacist.<ref>Inside Narcotics, "Meptid" pp 200</ref>
==References==
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