Gene trapping: Difference between revisions

'''Gene trapping''' is a high-throughput approach that is used to introduce insertional [[mutations]] across the [[mammalian]] genome. It is performed with gene trap vectors whose principal element is a gene trapping cassette consisting of a promoterless reporter gene and/or selectable [[genetic marker]] flanked by an upstream 3’ splice site (splice acceptor; SA) and a downstream [[transcription (genetics)|transcription]]al termination sequence (polyadenylation sequence; polyA). When inserted into an [[intron]] of an expressed gene, the gene trap cassette is transcribed from the endogenous promoter of that gene in the form of a fusion transcript in which the exon(s) upstream of the insertion site is spliced in frame to the reporter/selectable marker gene. Since transcription is terminated prematurely at the inserted polyadenylation site, the processed fusion transcript encodes a truncated and non-functional version of the cellular [[protein]] and the reporter/selectable marker. Thus, gene traps simultaneously inactivate and report the expression of the trapped gene at the insertion site, and provide a [[DNA]] tag (gene trap sequence tag, GTST) for the rapid identification of the disrupted [[gene]].