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{{Short description|Classification of sex and gender into two opposite forms}}
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=== Language ===
In English, some nouns (e.g., boy), honorific titles (e.g., Miss), occupational titles (e.g., actress), and [[English personal pronouns|personal pronouns]] (e.g., she, his) are gendered, and they fall into a male/female binary.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gustafsson Sendén |first1=Marie |last2=Bäck |first2=Emma A. |last3=Lindqvist |first3=Anna |date=2015 |title=Introducing a gender-neutral pronoun in a natural gender language: the influence of time on attitudes and behavior |journal=Frontiers in Psychology |volume=6 |page=893 |doi=10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00893 |pmid=26191016 |pmc=4486751 |issn=1664-1078 |doi-access=free}}</ref> Personal pronouns in the English language are typically associated with either men ([[he/him]]) or women ([[she/her]]), which excludes people who do not identify as a man or a woman.<ref name="Lab-2022a">{{Cite web |last=Lab |first=Purdue Writing |title=Gendered Pronouns & Singular "They" // Purdue Writing Lab |url=https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/grammar/pronouns/gendered_pronouns_and_singular_they.html |access-date=2 May 2022 |website=Purdue Writing Lab |language=en}}</ref> However, [[Gender neutrality in languages with gendered third-person pronouns|gender-neutral pronouns]], such as [[Singular they|singular ''they'']] pronouns (they/them) are sometimes used by nonbinary and gender nonconforming individuals.<ref name="Lab-
According to Hyde and colleagues, children raised within English-speaking (and other gendered-language) environments come to view gender as a binary category.<ref name="Hyde-2019">{{Cite journal |last1=Hyde |first1=Janet Shibley |last2=Bigler |first2=Rebecca S. |last3=Joel |first3=Daphna |last4=Tate |first4=Charlotte Chucky |last5=van Anders |first5=Sari M. |date=February 2019 |title=The future of sex and gender in psychology: Five challenges to the gender binary |journal=American Psychologist |volume=74 |issue=2 |pages=171–193 |doi=10.1037/amp0000307 |pmid=30024214 |issn=1935-990X |doi-access=free}}</ref> They state that for children who learn English as their primary language in the United States, adults' use of the gender binary to explicitly sort individuals (i.e. "boys" and "girls" bathrooms and sports teams), and not just the presence of gender markers, causes gender biases.<ref name="Hyde-2019" /> Those biases can appear in information processing, and can affect attitudes and behavior directed at those both inside and outside of the gender binary language system.<ref name="Keener-2023">Keener, Emily, and Kourtney Kotvas. "Beyond He and She: Does the Singular Use of 'They, Them, Their' Function Generically as Inclusive Pronouns for Cisgender Men and Women?" ''Gender Issues'', vol. 40, no. 1, Mar. 2023, pp. 23–43. ''EBSCOhost'', {{doi|10.1007/s12147-022-09297-8}}.</ref> An example of this would be the use of gendered language in job descriptions and advertisements: those who are excluded by the language used may not apply for the position, leading to a segregated field of work.<ref name="Keener-2023" /> For example, women could be systemically excluded from a workplace or career that exclusively uses the pronouns "he" to advertise new job openings.<ref name="Keener-2023" /> The exclusive use of "she" and "he" (binary pronouns) can also systemically exclude those who do not fit within the gender binary and may prefer gender neutral language.<ref name="Keener-2023" />
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=== Education ===
The gender binary is introduced unconsciously at a young age, often within familial and school settings. For example, those considered to be girls are expected to be emotional, affectionate, talk excessively, complain more than average, and be picky about their surroundings and appearances, while boys are expected to be cruel, dominant, and act as a leader in group settings.<ref name="deMayo-2022">deMayo, Benjamin, et al. "Endorsement of Gender Stereotypes in Gender Diverse and Cisgender Adolescents and Their Parents." ''PLoS ONE'', vol. 17, no. 6, June 2022, pp. 1–16. ''EBSCOhost'', {{doi|10.1371/journal.pone.0269784}}</ref> These characteristic while stereotypes, can be encouraged and influenced through objects like toys (e.g. baby dolls introducing maternal and domestic labor) but also in schools. Girls are often expected to excel in English classes, while men are expected to succeed in P.E. and STEM courses.<ref name="deMayo-2022" /> Early childhood stereotypes like boys being better at math than girls have been linked to the disproportionately small
=== Religion ===
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