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[[File:S.Francesco_speco.jpg|thumb|The oldest surviving depiction of St. Francis is a [[fresco]] near the entrance of the [[Benedictine]] [[Abbey of Saint Scholastica, Subiaco|abbey of Subiaco]], painted between March 1228 and March 1229. He is depicted without the [[stigmata]], but the image is a [[religious image]] and not a portrait.{{sfn|Brooke|2006|pp=161–162}}]]
'''Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone'''<!--This name goes first per [[MOS:PSEUDONYM]]; discuss--> ({{circa}} 1181 – 3 October 1226), known as '''Francis of Assisi''',{{Efn|His mother was French and that may be why he was known as Francesco (Francis), a name with the possible meaning "Frenchman".}} was an Italian {{efn|Though an [[Unification of Italy|Italian nation state]] had yet to be established, the Latin equivalent of the [[Italians#Name|term ''Italian'']] (''italus'') had been in use for natives of [[Italian geographical region|the region]] since antiquity. For example in [[Pliny the Elder]], ''[[Epistulae (Pliny)|Letters]]'' 9.23.}}
One of the most venerated figures in Christianity,{{sfn|Delio|2013}}{{sfn|Brady|Cunningham|2020}} Francis was canonized by [[Pope Gregory IX]] on 16 July 1228. He is commonly portrayed wearing a brown [[Religious habit|habit]] with a rope tied around his waist, featuring three knots symbolizing the three Franciscan vows of [[poverty]], [[chastity]], and [[Vow of obedience|obedience]].
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