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The [[2024 United States presidential debates#June 27 presidential debate (Atlanta)|first presidential debate]] was held on June 27, 2024, between Biden and Trump. Biden's performance was widely criticized, with commentators saying he frequently lost his train of thought and gave meandering answers.<ref name="reuters-biden-debate">{{cite web |last1=Holland |first1=Steve |last2=Reid |first2=Tim |last3=Morgan |first3=David |title=Biden acknowledges age, bad debate performance but vows to beat Trump |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/democrats-scramble-limit-damage-after-bidens-wobbly-debate-showing-against-trump-2024-06-28/ |work=Reuters |date=29 June 2024 |access-date=June 29, 2024}}</ref><ref name="apjune27">{{Cite news |date=June 27, 2024 |title=A halting Biden tries to confront Trump at debate but stirs Democratic panic about his candidacy |first1=Zeke |last1=Miller |first2=Michelle L. |last2=Price |first3=Will |last3=Weissert |first4=Bill |last4=Barrow |first5=Darlene |last5=Superville |url=https://apnews.com/article/bidentrumppresidentialdebate-0e7577e9a354a69f50675494fea54ca9 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628073822/https://apnews.com/article/bidentrumppresidentialdebate-0e7577e9a354a69f50675494fea54ca9 |archive-date=June 28, 2024 |access-date=June 28, 2024 |work=Associated Press News}}</ref><ref name="PoliticoJune28Dems">{{Cite news |last1=Kashinsky |first1=Lisa |last2=Cancryn |first2=Adam |last3=Daniels |first3=Eugene |date=June 28, 2024 |title=Dems freak out over Biden's debate performance: 'Biden is toast' |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/06/27/biden-debate-opening-concerns-00165595 |access-date=June 28, 2024 |newspaper=Politico |archive-date=June 28, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628024715/https://www.politico.com/news/2024/06/27/biden-debate-opening-concerns-00165595 |url-status=live }}</ref> Several newspaper columnists declared Trump the winner,<ref name="worst" >{{cite news|last=Greenfield|first=Jeff|title=The Worst Debate Performance in American History|url=https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2024/06/28/worst-debate-performance-history-opinion-00165686|newspaper=Politico|date=June 28, 2024|access-date=June 28, 2024|archive-date=June 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628202227/https://www.politico.com/news/magazine/2024/06/28/worst-debate-performance-history-opinion-00165686|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Rappeport|first=Alan|title=Who Won the Debate? Biden Stumbles Left Trump on Top|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/27/us/politics/biden-trump-debate-who-won.html|newspaper=The New York Times|date=June 27, 2024|access-date=June 28, 2024|archive-date=June 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628230244/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/27/us/politics/biden-trump-debate-who-won.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Potas|first=Dace|title=Republicans deserve the version of Trump we saw during the debate. Too bad it won't last.|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/columnist/2024/06/28/trump-won-debate-biden-failed/74241366007/|newspaper=USA Today|date=June 28, 2024|access-date=June 28, 2024|archive-date=June 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628230346/https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/columnist/2024/06/28/trump-won-debate-biden-failed/74241366007/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Prokop|first=Andrew|title=2 winners and 2 losers from the first Biden-Trump debate|url=https://www.vox.com/politics/357788/biden-trump-debate-winners-losers|website=Vox|date=June 28, 2024|access-date=June 28, 2024|archive-date=June 28, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628151404/https://www.vox.com/politics/357788/biden-trump-debate-winners-losers|url-status=live}}</ref> and polling indicated the majority of debate watchers believed Trump won.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/biden-trump-june-debate-poll/|title=Who Won The First Biden-Trump Presidential Debate? |first1=Aaron |last1=Bycoffe |first2=Amina |last2=Brown |first3=Nathaniel |last3=Rakich|website=[[FiveThirtyEight]]|date=June 28, 2024|accessdate=June 28, 2024|archive-date=June 27, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240627224514/https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/biden-trump-june-debate-poll/|url-status=live}}</ref> After the debate raised questions about [[Age and health concerns of Joe Biden|his health and age]], Biden faced calls to withdraw from the race, including from [[List of Democrats who opposed the Joe Biden 2024 presidential campaign|fellow Democrats]]<ref name="nbc-biden-step-down">{{cite web |last1=Allen |first1=Jonathan |title=Some Democrats start calling for Biden to step aside and 'throw in the towel' on 2024 |date=June 28, 2024 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/joe-biden/democrats-biden-step-aside-throw-towel-2024-rcna159368 |publisher=NBC News |access-date=June 29, 2024}}</ref> and the [[editorial boards]] of several major news outlets.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=June 28, 2024 |title=To Serve His Country, President Biden Should Leave the Race |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/28/opinion/biden-election-debate-trump.html |access-date=June 28, 2024 |newspaper=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=June 28, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240628220351/https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/28/opinion/biden-election-debate-trump.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=June 30, 2024 |title=These major media outlets have called for Biden to drop out |first=Nick |last=Robertson |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/4748637-biden-debate-step-aside-newspapers/ |access-date=July 1, 2024 |newspaper=The Hill}}</ref>
 
Biden initially insisted that he would remain a candidate,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2024/07/03/nx-s1-5028147/biden-presidential-race|title='I'm in this race to the end,' Biden tells campaign staffers|first1=Tamara|last1=Keith|first2=Deepa|last2=Shivaram|work=NPR|date=July 3, 2024|accessdate=July 3, 2024}}</ref> but on July 21, he withdrew his candidacy, writing that this was "in CT the best interest of my party and the country".<ref>{{Cite tweet |user=JoeBiden |number=1815080881981190320 |access-date=13 August 2024 |title=My Fellow Americans |date=July 21, 2024 |last=Biden |first=Joseph R. Jr.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Wynder |first1=Ehren |last2=Schrader |first2=Adam |date=July 21, 2024 |title=Biden ends his presidential re-election campaign |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2024/07/21/biden-ends-2024-presidential-campaign/3971721584879 |access-date=July 21, 2024 |publisher=United Press International}}</ref> He endorsed Harris as his successor.<ref>{{Cite tweet |user=JoeBiden |number=1815087772216303933|title=My fellow Democrats, I have decided not to accept the nomination and to focus all my energies on my duties as President for the remainder of my term. My very first decision as the party nominee in 2020 was to pick Kamala Harris as my Vice President. And it's been the best decision I've made. Today I want to offer my full support and endorsement for Kamala to be the nominee of our party this year. Democrats — it's time to come together and beat Trump. Let's do this. |date=July 21, 2024 |last=Biden |first=Joseph R. Jr.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Shear |first=Michael D. |date=July 21, 2024 |title=Live Updates: Biden Drops Out of Presidential Race, Endorses Harris |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2024/07/21/us/trump-biden-election |access-date=July 21, 2024 |newspaper=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> His announcement came 29 days before the beginning of the [[2024 Democratic National Convention]].<ref name=":3">{{cite news |last1=Mason |first1=Jeff |last2=Renshaw |first2=Jarrett |last3=Singh |first3=Kanishka |title=Biden drops reelection bid, backs Harris to top Democratic ticket |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/us/biden-81-pulls-out-presidential-race-2024-07-21/ |access-date=July 21, 2024 |publisher=Reuters |date=July 21, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last1=Schrader |first1=Adam |last2=Moran |first2=Mark |date=July 21, 2024 |title=Biden drops out of presidential race, endorses Harris |url=https://www.upi.com/Top_News/US/2024/07/21/biden-endorses-harris-president-2024/1071721586809 |access-date=July 21, 2024 |publisher=United Press International}}</ref> On August 6, 2024, Harris was confirmed as the Democratic presidential nominee after securing 99% of the delegates in a virtual roll call vote.<ref>{{Cite news |first1=Oren |last1=Oppenheim |first2=Brittany |last2=Shepherd |first3=Isabella |last3=Murray |title=Kamala Harris certified as Democratic presidential nominee after earning majority of roll call votes |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/kamala-harris-nominee-DNC-majority-democratic-roll-call-votes/story?id=112580918 |access-date=2024-08-19 |website=ABC News |language=en}}</ref> This was the first time an eligible incumbent had declined to run for reelection since [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] in [[1968 United States presidential election|1968]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Montanaro |first1=Domenico |title=6 political takeaways from Biden's decision to step aside |date=July 22, 2024 |url=https://www.npr.org/2024/07/22/nx-s1-5048115/biden-harris-drop-out-election-analysis |publisher=NPR |access-date=July 22, 2024}}</ref>
 
== Political positions ==
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As a senator, Biden forged deep relationships with police groups and was a chief proponent of a [[Law Enforcement Officers' Bill of Rights|Police Officer's Bill of Rights]] measure that police unions supported but police chiefs opposed.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kranish |first=Michael |date=June 9, 2020 |title=Joe Biden let police groups write his crime bill. Now, his agenda has changed.|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/joe-biden-let-police-groups-write-his-crime-bill-now-his-agenda-has-changed/2020/06/08/82ab969e-a434-11ea-8681-7d471bf20207_story.html|url-status=live|access-date=November 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112174038/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/joe-biden-let-police-groups-write-his-crime-bill-now-his-agenda-has-changed/2020/06/08/82ab969e-a434-11ea-8681-7d471bf20207_story.html|archive-date=November 12, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=McDermott|first1=Nathan|last2=Steck|first2=Em|date=June 10, 2020|title=Biden repeatedly pushed bill in Senate that critics said would have made investigating police officers for misconduct more difficult|url=https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/10/politics/biden-senate-police-officers-kfile/index.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116122904/https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/10/politics/biden-senate-police-officers-kfile/index.html|archive-date=November 16, 2020|access-date=November 13, 2020|publisher=CNN}}</ref> In 2020, Biden also ran on decriminalizing [[cannabis]],<ref>{{cite web |date=December 28, 2020 |title=President-Elect Joe Biden and the Future of Cannabis Policy in America |first=Whitt |last=Steineker |publisher=[[Bradley Arant Boult Cummings]] |url=https://www.bradley.com/insights/publications/2020/12/president-elect-joe-biden-and-the-future-of-cannabis-policy-in-america |access-date=August 22, 2023 |archive-date=February 17, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217144322/https://www.bradley.com/insights/publications/2020/12/president-elect-joe-biden-and-the-future-of-cannabis-policy-in-america |url-status=dead }}</ref> after advocating harsher penalties for drug use as a U.S. senator.<ref>{{cite news |date=October 9, 1982 |title=U.S. Plans A New Drive On Narcotics |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/10/09/us/us-plans-a-new-drive-on-narcotics.html |first=Leslie |last=Maitland |access-date=August 22, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Democratic Response to Drug Policy Address |url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?8997-1/democratic-response-drug-policy-address |access-date=May 13, 2023 |website=C-SPAN.org}}</ref>
 
Biden believes action must be taken on [[globalclimate warmingchange]]. As a senator, he co-sponsored the [[Global Warming Pollution Reduction Act of 2007|Boxer–Sanders Global Warming Pollution Reduction Act]], the most stringent climate bill in the [[United States Senate]].<ref>{{cite magazine|date=January 3, 2008|title=A look at the environmental record of Joe Biden, Barack Obama's running mate|magazine=[[Grist (magazine)|Grist]]|url=https://grist.org/article/biden_factsheet/|access-date=May 4, 2008|archive-date=May 26, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100526083021/http://www.grist.org/article/biden_factsheet/|url-status=live}}</ref> Biden supports [[nature conservation]]. According to a report from the [[Center for American Progress]], he broke several records in this domain.<ref>{{cite web |title=Biden reached conservation records in 2023 |url=https://westernpriorities.org/2023/12/biden-reached-conservation-records-in-2023/ |website=Center for Western Priorities |date=December 21, 2023 |access-date=January 31, 2024}}</ref> He took steps to protect [[old-growth forest]]s.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Aratani |first1=Lauren |title=Joe Biden plans to ban logging in US old-growth forests in 2025 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/dec/19/biden-forest-logging-ban-old-trees |access-date=January 31, 2024 |work=The Guardian |date=December 19, 2023}}</ref> Biden opposes drilling for oil in the [[Arctic National Wildlife Refuge]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Presidential Candidates views on ANWR, The Democrats |url=https://www.anwr.org/Politics/Presidential-Candidates-views-on-ANWR-The-Democrats.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080807162357/http://www.anwr.org/Politics/Presidential-Candidates-views-on-ANWR-The-Democrats.php |archive-date=August 7, 2008 |access-date=August 25, 2008 |publisher=[[Arctic National Wildlife Refuge]]}}</ref> He wants to achieve a carbon-free power sector in the U.S. by 2035 and stop emissions completely by 2050.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Carr|first1=Bob|date=September 2, 2020|title=Joe Biden's bold climate policies would leave Australia behind|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/sep/02/joe-bidens-bold-climate-policies-would-leave-australia-behind|access-date=September 21, 2020|archive-date=September 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921170525/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/sep/02/joe-bidens-bold-climate-policies-would-leave-australia-behind|url-status=live}}</ref> His program includes reentering the [[Paris Agreement]], [[green building]] and more.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Moore |first1=Elena |date=October 16, 2020 |title=Trump's And Biden's Plans For The Environment |publisher=[[NPR]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2020/10/16/920484187/trumps-and-biden-s-plans-for-the-environment |access-date=October 21, 2020 |archive-date=October 30, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201030113807/https://www.npr.org/2020/10/16/920484187/trumps-and-biden-s-plans-for-the-environment |url-status=live}}</ref> Biden supports [[environmental justice]], including [[climate justice]] and [[Blue justice|ocean justice]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Rice |first1=Doyle |last2=Voyles Pulver |first2=Dinah |title=Biden Administration announces first-ever Ocean Justice Strategy. What's that? |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2023/12/07/biden-administration-announces-an-ocean-justice-strategy/71840427007/ |access-date=December 18, 2023 |newspaper=USA Today |date=December 7, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=OCEAN JUSTICE STRATEGY |date=December 2023 |publisher=OCEAN POLICY COMMITTEE |page=23 |url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Ocean-Justice-Strategy.pdf |access-date=December 18, 2023}}</ref> A major step is increasing [[energy conservation|energy efficiency]], [[water efficiency]] and [[Climate resilience|resilience to climate disasters]] in low-income houses for mitigate climate change, reduce costs, improve health and safety.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Joselow |first1=Maxine |title=Biden announces new fund to help low-income housing get climate upgrades |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-solutions/2023/05/11/hud-climate-housing-program/ |access-date=May 14, 2023 |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=May 11, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Higgins |first1=Marisa |title=Biden Administration Allocates $830 Million in Energy-Efficient Low-Income Housing |url=https://www.environmentalleader.com/2023/05/biden-administration-invests-over-830-million-in-energy-efficient-low-income-housing/ |website=Environmental + Energy leader |date=May 12, 2023 |access-date=May 14, 2023}}</ref> Biden has called global temperature rise above the 1.5 degree limit the "only existential threat humanity faces even more frightening than a nuclear war".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Clifford |first1=Catherine |title=Biden says global warming topping 1.5 degrees in the next 10 to 20 years is scarier than nuclear war |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2023/09/11/biden-global-warming-even-more-frightening-than-nuclear-war.html |access-date=October 27, 2023 |publisher=CNBC |date=September 11, 2023}}</ref> Despite his clean energy policies and congressional Republicans characterizing them as a "War on American Energy", domestic oil production reached a record high in October 2023.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Borenstein |first1=Seth |title=US oil production hits all-time high, conflicting with efforts to cut heat-trapping pollution |url=https://apnews.com/article/oil-fossil-fuels-climate-change-biden-df27160fc81f28d21fbf1fc5575b77bc |work=Associated Press News |date=October 20, 2023}}</ref>
 
Biden has said the U.S. needs to "get tough" on China, calling it the "most serious competitor" that poses challenges to the United States' "prosperity, security, and democratic values".<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Why America Must Lead Again |last=Biden |first=Joseph R. Jr. |magazine=[[Foreign Affairs]] |date=January 23, 2020 |access-date=January 29, 2021 |url=https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/united-states/2020-01-23/why-america-must-lead-again}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Remarks by President Biden on America's Place in the World |publisher=[[The White House]] |date=February 4, 2021 |access-date=February 6, 2021 |url= https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/speeches-remarks/2021/02/04/remarks-by-president-biden-on-americas-place-in-the-world/}}</ref> Biden has spoken about human rights abuses in the [[Xinjiang]] region to the [[Chinese Communist Party]] leader [[Xi Jinping]], pledging to sanction and commercially restrict Chinese government officials and entities who carry out repression.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Edward |first1=Wong |last2=Crawley |first2=Michael |last3=Swanson |first3=Ana |date=September 6, 2020 |title=Joe Biden's China Journey |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/06/us/politics/biden-china.html|access-date=November 13, 2020|archive-date=November 12, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112163033/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/06/us/politics/biden-china.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|first1=Peter |last1=Martin |first2=Saleha |last2=Mohsin |first3=Nick |last3=Wadhams |first4=Jenny |last4=Leonard |title=President Biden Raises Human Rights and Trade Concerns in First Call With China's Xi |url=https://time.com/5938307/biden-xi-china-first-call/ |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=February 11, 2021 |access-date=February 8, 2021}}</ref>
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