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| native_name_lang = am
| image = Addis abeba, chiesa della trinità, esterno 01.jpg
| imagewidthimage width = 250px
| alt = [[Holy Trinity Cathedral (Addis Ababa)|Holy Trinity Cathedral]] in [[Addis Ababa]], the seat of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church
| caption = [[Holy Trinity Cathedral (Addis Ababa)|Holy Trinity Cathedral]] in [[Addis Ababa]], the seat of the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church
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The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church had been administratively part of the [[Coptic Orthodox Church|Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria]] from the first half of the 4th century until 1959, when it was granted [[autocephaly]] with its own [[patriarch]] by [[Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria]], [[Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ethiopian-Orthodox-Tewahedo-Church |title=Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church |encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]] |access-date=2022-09-16 }}</ref>
 
''Tewahedo'' ({{lang-gez|ተዋሕዶ}} ''täwaḥədo'') is a [[Geʽez]] word meaning "united as one". This word refers to the Oriental Orthodox belief in the [[Miaphysitism|one perfectly unified nature of Christ]]; i.e., a complete union of the divine and human natures into one nature is self-evident in order to accomplish the divine salvation of mankind, as opposed to the "[[Dyophysitism|two natures of Christ]]" belief commonly held by the [[Catholic Church|Latin]] and [[Eastern Catholic]], [[Eastern Orthodox]], [[Anglicanism|Anglican]], [[Lutheranism|Lutheran]], and most other [[List of the largest Protestant denominations|Protestant churches]]. The Oriental Orthodox Churches adhere to a miaphysiticmiaphysite Christological view followed by [[Cyril of Alexandria]], the leading protagonist in the Christological debates of the 4th and 5th centuries, who advocated ''mia physis tou theouTheo logou sesarkōmenē'', or "one (mia) nature of the Word of God incarnate" (μία φύσις τοῦ θεοῦ λόγου σεσαρκωμένη) and a [[hypostatic union]] (ἕνωσις καθ' ὑπόστασιν, ''henōsis kath hypostasinhypostasis'').<ref name="Shenouda1999">{{Cite web |url=http://www.copticchurch.net/topics/theology/nature_of_christ.pdf |title=NATURE OF CHRIST |last=Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria |author-link=Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria |year=1999 |website=copticchurch.net |publisher=St. Mark Coptic Orthodox Church |access-date=30 November 2014}}</ref><ref name="CyrilTransPusey">{{Cite web |url=http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/cyril_against_theodore_01_text.htm |title=From His Second Book Against the Words of Theodore |last1=Cyril of Alexandria |last2=Pusey |first2=P. E. (Trans.) |publisher=The Tertullian Project |access-date=30 November 2014}}</ref> The distinction of this stance was that the incarnate Christ has one nature, but that one nature is of the two natures, divine and human, and retains all the characteristics of both after the union.
 
[[Miaphysitism]] holds that in the one person of [[Jesus Christ]], divinity and humanity are united in one (μία, ''mia'') nature (φύσις - "[[physis]]") without separation, without confusion, without alteration and without mixing where Christ is [[Consubstantiality|consubstantial]] with [[God the Father]].<ref>''The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity'' by Ken Parry 2009 {{ISBN|1-4443-3361-5}} page 88 [https://books.google.com/books?id=fWp9JA3aBvcC&dq=Miaphysitism&pg=PA88]</ref> Around 500 bishops within the patriarchates of [[Alexandria]], [[Antioch]], and [[Jerusalem]] refused to accept the [[dyophysitism]] (two natures) doctrine decreed by the [[Council of Chalcedon]] in 451, an incident that resulted in the second major split in the main body of the [[Christianity as the Roman state religion|Catholic-Orthodox Church in the Roman Empire]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/07218b.htm |title=Catholic Encyclopedia: Henoticon |publisher=Newadvent.org |date=1910-06-01 |access-date=2013-06-30}}</ref>
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==Name==
{{More citations needed section|date=July 2021}}
''Tewahedo'' ({{lang-gez|ተዋሕዶ}} ''täwaḥədo'') is a Ge'ez word meaning "being made one" or "unified". This word refers to the [[Oriental Orthodoxy|Oriental Orthodox]] belief in the one composite unified [[Christology|nature of Christ]]; i.e., a belief that a complete, natural union of the divine and human natures into one is self-evident in order to accomplish the divine salvation of humankind. This is in contrast to the "two natures of Christ" belief (unmixed, but unseparated divine and human natures, called the [[hypostatic union]]) which is held by the [[Catholic Church]] and the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]].
 
The Oriental Orthodox Churches are known as "[[Non-Chalcedonianism|non-Chalcedonian]]", and, sometimes by outsiders as "[[monophysitism|monophysite]]" (meaning "One Single Nature", in allusion to Jesus Christ). However, these churches themselves describe their Christology as [[miaphysitism|miaphysite]],{{sfn|Winkler|1997|p=33-40}}{{sfn|Brock|2016|p=45–52}} meaning "one united nature" in reference toabout Jesus (the Greek equivalent of "Tewahedo").
 
==History==
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