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In the vastly influential Argentine text [[Facundo|''Facundo, or Civilization and Barbarism'']], for example, [[Domingo Faustino Sarmiento]] <ref>{{cite book|author= [[Domingo Faustino Sarmiento]]|title= Facundo: Civilización y barbarie|translator= Kathleen Ross|year= 1845 |publication-date= 2003|page= 210|publisher= University of California Press|isbn=0-520-23980-6}}</ref> describes the use of [[chili pepper]] and [[turpentine]] enemas by police forces as a way of discouraging political dissent in post-independence Argentina.<ref>"Ribbons and Rituals". In Problems in Modern Latin American History. Ed. Chasteen and Wood. Oxford, UK: Scholarly Resources, 2005. p. 97</ref> Turpentine enemas are very harsh purgatives.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Turpentine_enema|title=Turpentine enema|website=Biology-Online Dictionary|publisher=Biology-Online|access-date=2019-04-20}}</ref>
In the [[Guantanamo Bay detention camp#Torture|Guantanamo Bay Detention Camp]], the [[Senate Intelligence Committee report on CIA torture]] documented instances of enemas being used by the [[Central Intelligence Agency]] in order to ensure "total control" over detainees.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Rushe|first1=Dominic|last2=MacAskill|first2=Ewen|last3=Cobain|first3=Ian|last4=Yuhas|first4=Alan|last5=Laughland|first5=Oliver|title=Rectal rehydration and waterboarding: the CIA torture report's grisliest findings|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2014/dec/09/cia-torture-report-worst-findings-waterboard-rectal|access-date=13 March 2015|agency=[[The Guardian]]|date=9 December 2014}}</ref> Enemas, officials said, are uncomfortable and degrading,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/01/us/fresh-details-emerge-on-harsh-methods-at-guantanamo.html|title=Fresh Details Emerge on Harsh Methods at Guantánamo|author=Neil A. Lewis|date=2005-01-01|department=Archives – 2005|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=2019-04-20}}</ref> The CIA forced nutrient enema on detainees who attempted hunger strikes, documenting "With head lower than torso … sloshing up the large intestines … [what] I infer is that you get a tube up as you can … We used the largest Ewal {{sic}} tube we had" wrote an officer,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2014/dec/09/cia-report-rectal-feeding-detainees|title=Controversial 'rectal feeding' technique used to control detainees' behaviour|date=9 December 2014|work=[[The Guardian]]|access-date=2019-04-20}}</ref> and "violent enemas" is how a detainee described what he received.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/06/opinion/a-detainee-describes-more-cia-torture.html|title=A Detainee Describes More C.I.A. Torture|author=The Editorial Board |date=2015-06-05|department=Editorial|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=2019-04-22}}</ref>
=== In arts and literature ===
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