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Speaking about [[Sloth (deadly sin)|sloth]] (Lat. ''acedia'') Thomas points out that every deed which "by its very nature is contrary to charity is a mortal sin". An effect of such deed is the destruction of "spiritual life which is the effect of charity, whereby God dwells in us." Sin of a mortal character is always committed with the consent of reason: "Because the consummation of sin is in the consent of reason"'. (cf. STh II–IIae q.35 a.3) Venial and mortal sins can be compared to sickness and death. While venial sin impairs full healthy activity of a person, mortal sin destroys the principle of spiritual life in him/her.<ref>Farrell, p. 353</ref>
=== ''Catechism of the Catholic Church'' ===
The [[Catechism of the Catholic Church|''Catechism of the Catholic Church'']] states the following.
[[Catholic]] doctrine distinguishes between personal sin (also sometimes called "actual sin") and [[original sin]]. Personal sins are either mortal or venial.
[[Mortal sin]]s are sins of grave (serious) matter, where the sinner performs the act with full knowledge and deliberate consent. (cf. [[Catechism of the Catholic Church]] (§1857) The act of committing a mortal sin destroys charity, i. e. the [[Grace (Christianity)|grace]] in the heart of a Christian; it is in itself a rejection of God (Catechism of the Catholic Church (§1855). If left un-reconciled, mortal sins may lead to eternal separation from God, traditionally called [[damnation]].
[[Venial sin]]s are sins which do not meet the conditions for mortal sins. The act of committing a venial sin does not cut off the sinner from God's grace, as the sinner has not rejected God. However, venial sins do injure the relationship between the sinner and God, and as such, must be reconciled to God, either through the [[Sacrament of Penance (Catholic Church)|Sacrament of Reconciliation]] or receiving the Eucharist (after proper contrition fulfilled).
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