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==History==
{{See also|Munda peoples#History}}
According to linguist [[Paul Sidwell]], Munda languages arrived on the coast of [[Odisha]] from Southeast Asia approximately 4,000 to 3,500 years ago ({{circa|2000|1500}} BCE).<ref>Sidwell, Paul. 2018. [https://www.academia.edu/36689736/Austroasiatic_Studies_state_of_the_art_in_2018 Austroasiatic Studies: state of the art in 2018] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190503013417/https://www.academia.edu/36689736/Austroasiatic_Studies_state_of_the_art_in_2018 |date=3 May 2019 }}. Presentation at the Graduate Institute of Linguistics, National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, 22 May 2018.</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Rau |first1=Felix |last2=Sidwell |first2=Paul |title=The Munda Maritime Hypothesis |date=12 September 2019 |url=https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/228160282.pdf |journal=Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society |volume=12 |issue=2 |issn=1836-6821 |hdl=10524/52454 |s2cid=204901974|pages=35–57 }}</ref> The Munda people initially spread from Southeast Asia, but mixed extensively with local Indian populations.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Schliesinger |first1=Joachim |title=Origin of the Tai People 3: Genetic and Archaeological Approaches |date=2016 |publisher=Booksmango |isbn=9781633239623 |page=71 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=766hDQAAQBAJ&q=munda+people+came+from+south+east+asia&pg=PA71 |access-date=20 September 2019 |language=en}}</ref> They are genetically closely related to [[Mah Meri people|Mah Meri]] and [[Temuan people]] of [[Malaysia]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/lifestyle/amp/scientists-solve-genetic-puzzle-surrounding-mundas-63548 |title=Scientists solve genetic puzzle surrounding Mundas |publisher=down-to-earth.org |date=12 March 2019 |access-date=1 October 2022 |archive-date=25 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220925014616/https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/lifestyle/amp/scientists-solve-genetic-puzzle-surrounding-mundas-63548 |url-status=live}}</ref>
According to historian [[Ram Sharan Sharma|R. S. Sharma]], tribals who spoke the Munda language occupied the eastern region of ancient India. Many Munda terms occur in [[Vedic texts]] that were written between 1500 BCE and 500 BCE. Their presence in texts compiled in the upper [[Gangetic basin]] late in that period suggests that Munda speakers were there at the time.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sharma |first=R. S. |author-link=Ram Sharan Sharma |year=2005 |title=India's Ancient Past |publisher=Oxford University Press |pages=2, 118–119 |isbn=978-0-19-566714-1}}</ref> According to Barbara A. West, the Mundas claim origin in [[Uttar Pradesh]], and a steady flow eastward in history as other groups moved into their original homeland; she suggests that they inhabited a "much larger territory" in ancient India.<ref>{{cite book |last1=West |first1=Barbara A. |title=Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania |date=2010 |publisher=Infobase Publishing |isbn=9781438119137 |page=564 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pCiNqFj3MQsC&q=munda+people+came+from+south+east+asia&pg=PA564 |access-date=20 September 2019 |language=en |archive-date=14 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230414174240/https://books.google.com/books?id=pCiNqFj3MQsC&q=munda+people+came+from+south+east+asia&pg=PA564 |url-status=live}}</ref> Recent studies suggest that Munda languages spread as far as Eastern [[Uttar Pradesh]] but not beyond that, and impacted [[Eastern Indo-Aryan languages]], as some groups such as [[Musahar]] have Munda genetic lineage. The claim of a Munda presence in the Upper Gangetic plain has no linguistic or genetic basis.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/355078227 |title=The spread of Munda in prehistoric South Asia -the view from areal typology To appear in: Volume in Celebration of the Bicentenary of Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute (Deemed University) |author=John Peterson |date=October 2021 |access-date=1 September 2022}}</ref>
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