'''Healthcare in China''' has undergone basic changes over the [[20th century|twentieth century]] and [[21st century|twenty]]-[[21st century|first]] [[21stcentury|century]], using both [[Publicly funded health care|public]] and private medical institutions and [[Health insurance|insurance]] programs. As of 2020, about 95% of the population has at least basic [[health insurance]] coverage.<ref name=":8" /> Basic medical insurance includes two systems: employee medical insurance and resident medical insurance. The former covers the [[Urban area|urban]] employed population, and the latter covers the urban non-employed population and the rural population. A total of 25% of the people covered by the basic medical insurance participated in the employee medical insurance, a total of 344 million people; 75% participated in the residents' medical insurance, a total of 1.017 billion people.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=国家医疗保障局 政策解读 "十四五"全民医疗保障规划一问一答 |url=http://www.nhsa.gov.cn/art/2021/9/30/art_38_6144.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220126030020/http://www.nhsa.gov.cn/art/2021/9/30/art_38_6144.html |archive-date=2022-01-26 |access-date=2022-01-26 |website=www.nhsa.gov.cn}}</ref> Medical assistance has subsidized 78 million poor people to participate in basic medical insurance, and the coverage of poor people has stabilized at over 99.9%.<ref name=":8" /> Despite this, Public health insurance generally only covers about half of medical costs, with the proportion lower for serious or [[Chronic conditionillness|chronic illnesses]]. Under the "Healthy [[China]] 2020" initiative, China has undertaken an effort to cut healthcare costs, requiring insurance to cover 70% of costs by the end of 2018.<ref>{{cite web |title=Xinhua Insight: China's rural residents enjoy better healthcare - Xinhua | English.news.cn |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-02/26/c_135131604.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160226150724/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-02/26/c_135131604.htm |archive-date=26 February 2016 |access-date=9 August 2022 |website=news.xinhuanet.com}}</ref><ref name="nytimes.com">{{Cite web |title=China's Health Care Reform: Far from Sufficient |url=https://www.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2011/11/01/is-china-facing-a-health-care-crisis/chinas-health-care-reform-far-from-sufficient |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> In addition, there are policies such as [[critical illness insurance]] and medical assistance. China's commercial health insurance is also proliferating. In 2020, the country's commercial health insurance premium income amounted to 817.3 billion [[Yuan (currency)|yuan]], with an average annual growth rate of 20%. China's coverage of [[maternity]] insurance has continued to expand, by the end of 2020, 235.673 million people were insured under maternity insurance.<ref name=":8" />
The country maintains two parallel medical systems, one for modern or Western medicine, and one for [[Traditional Chinese medicine]] (TCM). Some Chinese consider TCM backward and ineffective, others consider it inexpensive, effective, and culturally appropriate. China has also become a major market for health-related multinational companies. Companies such as [[AstraZeneca]], [[GSK plc|GlaxoSmithKline]], [[Eli Lilly and Company|Eli Lilly]], and [[Merck GroupKGaA|Merck]] entered the Chinese market and have experienced explosive growth. China has also become a growing hub for healthcare research and development.<ref name="McKinsey" /> According to [[Sam Radwan]] of [[ENHANCE International]], China's projected healthcare spending in 2050 may exceed [[Germany|Germany's]] entire 2020 [[gross domestic product]].<ref name="Enhance">{{Cite web |date=January 21, 2020 |title=Opportunities in Chinese healthcare - Top1000funds.com |url=https://www.top1000funds.com/2020/01/opportunities-in-chinese-healthcare/}}</ref>
The above only applies to [[Mainland China]]. The [[Specialspecial administrative regionregions of China|special administrative regions]] of [[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]] maintain their own separate universal healthcare systems.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Yang |first1=jinghui |title=港澳基本法比较研究 |last2=Li |first2=xiangqin |date=September 2017 |publisher=BEIJING BOOK CO. INC. |isbn=9787301287415 |trans-title=A Comparative Study of the Basic Law of Hong Kong and Macao}}</ref> [[Healthcare in [[Taiwan]] is administered by the [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]]'s [[Ministry of Health and Welfare (Taiwan)|Ministry of Health and Welfare]].
