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== Extinction ==
{{Main|Late Pleistocene extinctions}}
Some evidence suggests that humans drove glyptodontines to extinction.<ref name = "islands&continents">{{Cite book▼
''Glyptodon'', along with all other glyptodonts became extinct around the end of the Late Pleistocene, as part of [[Late Pleistocene extinctions|a wave of extinctions of most large mammals]] across the Americas.
▲Some evidence suggests that humans drove glyptodontines to extinction.<ref name
| last1 = Martin | first1 = P. S. | author-link = Paul Schultz Martin
| last2 = Steadman | first2 = D. W. | author2-link = David Steadman
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| isbn = 978-0-306-46092-0
| oclc = 41368299 | access-date = 2015-11-07
}}</ref> Evidence from the Campo Laborde and La Moderna archaeological sites in the Argentine Pampas suggest that ''Glyptodon'<nowiki/>''s relatives ''Doedicurus'' and ''Panochthus'' survived until the Early Holocene, coexisting with humans for a minimum of 4,000 years.<ref name="Politis2008">{{cite journal|last1=Politis|first1=G. G.|last2=Messineo|first2=P. G.|title=The Campo Laborde site: New evidence for the Holocene survival of Pleistocene megafauna in the Argentine Pampas|journal=Quaternary International|volume=191|issue=1|date= November 2008 |pages=98–114 |doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2007.12.003|bibcode=2008QuInt.191...98P }}</ref> This overlap provides support for models showing that the South American Pleistocene extinctions resulted from a combination of climatic change and anthropogenic causes.<ref name="Politis2008" /> These sites have been interpreted as ones used for butchering megafauna (''Megatherium'' and ''Doedicurus''); however, some of the chronology has been problematic and controversial, due to poor preservation of the collagen used for dating.<ref name="Politis2008" /> The extinction rates in South America during the late Pleistocene were the highest out of any continent, with all endemic animals weighing over {{Convert|100|kg|lb}} going extinct by the middle Holocene.<ref name="Fariña2013" /> This supports the idea of human hunting as a drive for the extinction of ''Glyptodon,'' as the arrival of humans around 16,000 years BP to such a formerly isolated continent may have caused extinction rates to become higher.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal |last1=Prates |first1=Luciano |last2=Perez |first2=S. Ivan |date=2021-04-12 |title=Late Pleistocene South American megafaunal extinctions associated with rise of Fishtail points and human population |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=2175 |doi=10.1038/s41467-021-22506-4 |issn=2041-1723 |pmc=8041891 |pmid=33846353|bibcode=2021NatCo..12.2175P }}</ref><ref name="Fariña2013" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Prates |first1=Luciano |last2=Politis |first2=Gustavo G. |last3=Perez |first3=S. Ivan |date=2020-07-22 |title=Rapid radiation of humans in South America after the last glacial maximum: A radiocarbon-based study |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=15 |issue=7 |pages=e0236023 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0236023 |issn=1932-6203 |pmc=7375534 |pmid=32697794 |bibcode=2020PLoSO..1536023P |doi-access=free }}</ref>
The extinction of ''Glyptodon'' notably coincides with the end of the [[Antarctic Cold Reversal]] period in which, for 1,700 years, temperatures dropped before spiking after ending at 12.7 ka.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Orombelli |first1=Giuseppe |last2=Maggi |first2=Valter |last3=Delmonte |first3=Barbara |date=2010-06-01 |title=Quaternary stratigraphy and ice cores |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618209003474 |journal=Quaternary International |series=Plio-Pleistocene Correlation and Global Change |language=en |volume=219 |issue=1 |pages=55–65 |doi=10.1016/j.quaint.2009.09.029 |bibcode=2010QuInt.219...55O |issn=1040-6182}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Weber |first1=M. E. |last2=Clark |first2=P. U. |last3=Kuhn |first3=G. |last4=Timmermann |first4=A. |last5=Sprenk |first5=D. |last6=Gladstone |first6=R. |last7=Zhang |first7=X. |last8=Lohmann |first8=G. |last9=Menviel |first9=L. |last10=Chikamoto |first10=M. O. |last11=Friedrich |first11=T. |last12=Ohlwein |first12=C. |date=2014 |title=Millennial-scale variability in Antarctic ice-sheet discharge during the last deglaciation |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nature13397 |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=510 |issue=7503 |pages=134–138 |doi=10.1038/nature13397 |pmid=24870232 |bibcode=2014Natur.510..134W |s2cid=205238911 |issn=1476-4687}}</ref> Many climatic fluctuations occurred during the late Pleistocene between humid and dry cycles, with ''Glyptodon'' preferring drier climates. Following the Antarctic Cold Reversal, temperatures rose and the climate became more consistently humid, which then led C3 grasses to become increasingly replaced by C4 grasses and southern beech trees. These changes led vulnerable, grazing-specialized forms like glyptodontines, toxodonts, and some ground sloths to become extinct.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Villavicencio |first1=Natalia A. |last2=Werdelin |first2=Lars |date=2018-09-01 |title=The Casa del Diablo cave (Puno, Peru) and the late Pleistocene demise of megafauna in the Andean Altiplano |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379118301318 |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |language=en |volume=195 |pages=21–31 |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.07.013 |bibcode=2018QSRv..195...21V |s2cid=134626837 |issn=0277-3791}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Hubbe |first1=Alex |last2=Hubbe |first2=Mark |last3=Karmann |first3=Ivo |last4=Cruz |first4=Francisco W. |last5=Neves |first5=Walter A. |date=2011 |title=Insights into Holocene megafauna survival and extinction in southeastern Brazil from new AMS 14C dates |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/quaternary-research/article/abs/insights-into-holocene-megafauna-survival-and-extinction-in-southeastern-brazil-from-new-ams-14c-dates/38AB0ACF3EE6A9405937A0E22A613F8F |journal=Quaternary Research |language=en |volume=79 |issue=2 |pages=152–157 |doi=10.1016/j.yqres.2012.11.009 |s2cid=129827927 |issn=0033-5894}}</ref> Around 11.5 ka, temperatures peaked before again dropping, resulting in the extinction of several different genera of mammals including some megafauna. ''Glyptodon'' along with genera such as ''Glossotherium'' and ''Morenelaphus'' were wiped out, though several other groups lived for several thousand years after.<ref name="Mitchell-2016" /><ref name="Ubilla-2018" />
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