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''B. cereus'' is a soil-dwelling bacterium which can colonize the gut of invertebrates as a symbiont<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jensen |first1=G. B. |last2=Hansen |first2=B. M. |last3=Eilenberg |first3=J. |last4=Mahillon |first4=J. |title=The hidden lifestyles of Bacillus cereus and relatives: The hidden lifestyles of B. cereus and relatives |journal=Environmental Microbiology |date=18 July 2003 |volume=5 |issue=8 |pages=631–640 |doi=10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00461.x |pmid=12871230 |doi-access=free }}</ref> and is a frequent cause of food poisoning<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Drobniewski |first1=F A |title=Bacillus cereus and related species |journal=Clinical Microbiology Reviews |date=October 1993 |volume=6 |issue=4 |pages=324–338 |doi=10.1128/cmr.6.4.324 |pmid=8269390 |pmc=358292 }}</ref> It produces an emetic toxin, enterotoxins, and other virulence factors.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Stenfors Arnesen |first1=Lotte P. |last2=Fagerlund |first2=Annette |last3=Granum |first3=Per Einar |title=From soil to gut: Bacillus cereus and its food poisoning toxins |journal=FEMS Microbiology Reviews |date=July 2008 |volume=32 |issue=4 |pages=579–606 |doi=10.1111/j.1574-6976.2008.00112.x |pmid=18422617 |doi-access=free }}</ref> The enterotoxins and virulence factors are encoded on the chromosome, while the emetic toxin is encoded on a 270-kb plasmid, pCER270.<ref name="Kolstø" />
''B. thuringiensis'' is an
A phylogenomic analysis of the Cereus clade combined with average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis revealed that the ''B. anthracis'' species also includes strains annotated as ''B. cereus'' and ''B. thuringiensis.''<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Nikolaidis |first1=Marios |last2=Hesketh |first2=Andrew |last3=Mossialos |first3=Dimitris |last4=Iliopoulos |first4=Ioannis |last5=Oliver |first5=Stephen G. |last6=Amoutzias |first6=Grigorios D. |date=2022-08-26 |title=A Comparative Analysis of the Core Proteomes within and among the Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus Evolutionary Groups Reveals the Patterns of Lineage- and Species-Specific Adaptations |journal=Microorganisms |volume=10 |issue=9 |pages=1720 |doi=10.3390/microorganisms10091720 |issn=2076-2607 |pmc=9505155 |pmid=36144322|doi-access=free }}</ref>
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