Content deleted Content added
remove unnecessary native language for another topic |
add sources, rewrite with Ukrainian encyclopedia source. |
||
Line 1:
{{Short description|Village on Cossack military bases}}
{{More citations needed}}
{{Single source}}
{{Cossacks}}
A '''stanitsa''' or '''stanytsia''' ({{lang-rus|станица|p=stɐˈnʲitsə}}; {{lang-uk|станиця
several villages and [[khutir]]s.<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Stanytsia |encyclopedia=[[Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine]] |url=https://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages\S\T\StanytsiaIT}}</ref>
While the word ''stanitsa'' survives in modern usage, the stanitsa as a social system in its historic context was effectively destroyed in the aftermath of the 1917 [[October Revolution|Russian revolution]], when the [[Russian Civil War]] (1917–1922) and subsequent [[Collectivisation in the USSR|collectivisation]] (1928–1940) of the land by the state in the [[Joseph Stalin|Stalin]]ist period and the [[Holodomor]] (1932–1933) destroyed the culture and the economic foundations of stanitsas.▼
Historically, the stanitsa was a unit of economic and political organisation of the Cossack peoples — primarily in the southern regions of the [[Russian Empire]]. The stanitsa was the primary unit of a Cossack host.▼
▲==Historical definition ==
▲Historically, the stanitsa was a unit of economic and political organisation of the Cossack peoples — primarily in the southern regions of the [[Russian Empire]].
Each stanitsa held much of the local land [[held in common|in common]], subject to annual allocation to Cossack families by the [[Ataman]], the appointed leader of the community. This was a fully [[democracy|democratic]], unique process, characteristic of Russia's South only. (A similar democratic system operated only in the [[Novgorod Republic]], prior to its annexation by the [[Grand Duchy of Moscow]] in 1478.)
▲
==Modern usage==
[[File:Map of Russia - Stanitsa.svg|thumb|left|Regions of Russia where stanitsas are a type of settlement]]
In modern [[Russia]], the administration classifies a stanitsa as a type of [[Classification of inhabited localities in Russia#Rural localities|rural locality]]. Stanitsas mostly predominate in the southern regions of [[Rostov Oblast]], [[Krasnodar Krai|Krasnodar]] and [[Stavropol Krai]]s and most of the Republics of the [[Northern Caucasus]].
{{clear left}}▼
== See also ==
* {{ill|Yurt (Cossack){{!}}Yurt|ru|Юрт (казачий)}}, or Cossack stanitsa
==References==
▲{{clear left}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
| |||