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'''Henry Alfred Kissinger''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɪ|s|ᵻ|n|dʒ|ər}} {{respell|KISS|in|jər}};<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Kissinger |title=Kissinger – Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary |dictionary=[[Merriam-Webster]] |access-date=October 23, 2009 |archive-date=February 19, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100219091113/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/kissinger |url-status=live }}</ref> born '''Heinz Alfred Kissinger''', {{IPA-de|haɪnts ˈʔalfʁeːt ˈkɪsɪŋɐ|lang}}; May 27, 1923 - November 29, 2023<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2023-11-30 |title=Dr. Henry Kissinger Dies at Age 100 |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/dr-henry-kissinger-dies-age-013400740.html |access-date=2023-11-30 |website=Yahoo Finance |language=en-US}}</ref>) was an American diplomat, [[political scientist]], [[Geopolitics|geopolitical]] consultant, and politician who served as [[United States Secretary of State|United States secretary of state]] and [[National Security Advisor (United States)|national security advisor]] under the presidential administrations of [[Richard Nixon]] and [[Gerald Ford]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1973/kissinger/biographical/|title=The Nobel Peace Prize 1973|website=NobelPrize.org|access-date=February 4, 2019|archive-date=October 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026120756/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1973/kissinger/biographical/|url-status=live}}</ref> For his actions negotiating a ceasefire in [[Vietnam]], Kissinger received the 1973 [[Nobel Peace Prize]] under controversial circumstances.<ref name="Feldman16" />
Kissinger was a [[Expulsions and exoduses of Jews|Jewish refugee]] who fled [[Nazi Germany]] with his family in 1938. Upon arriving in the United States, he excelled academically and graduated from [[Harvard College]] in 1950, where he studied under [[William Yandell Elliott]]. He earned his M.A. and [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D.]] degrees at [[Harvard University]] in 1951 and 1954, respectively.
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