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Rouillé was born in [[Tours]]. Though he was a Frenchman, he served his apprenticeship in the [[Venice|Venetian]] printing-house of [[Gabriele Giolito de' Ferrari]], and retained his connections with Venice as a source of texts after his arrival in Lyon around 1543.<ref>Davis 1966.</ref>
Among his works was the French translation by Barthélemy Aneau of [[Andrea Alciato]]'s pioneering [[emblem book]], which formed part of a major publishing venture in Lyons by the team of Guillaume Rouillé and his printer Macé Bonhomme, 1549, which extended to translations in Italian and Spanish.<ref>[http://www.emblems.arts.gla.ac.uk/french/books.php?id=FALb Alison Adams, "Andrea Alciato's Emblemes, Lyons, Macé Bonhomme for Guillaume Rouille, 1549"]; Alison Adams, et al. ''A Bibliography of French Emblem Books of the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries'', 1999, ''s.v.'' "Alciati"</ref> Rouillé also published books of ''imprese'' by [[Paolo Giovio]] and [[Gabriele Simeoni]].<ref>Davis 1999:6; the volume is ''Le sentenziose imprese di Monsignor Paulo Giovio e del Signor Gabriel Simeoni ridotte in rima per il detto Simeoni'', 1561.</ref> Another work of [[iconography]] was the useful compilation of portrait types of [[Classical Antiquity|Antiquity]],
On his title pages his emblem was prominently displayed: an eagle triumphant atop a globe on a pedestal, flanked by serpents with entwined tails.<ref>{{cite book|first=Natalie Zemon|last=Davis|author-link=Natalie Zemon Davis|chapter=Publisher Guillaume Rouillé, Businessman and Humanist|editor-first=Richard J.|editor-last=Schoeck|title=Editing Sixteenth-Century Texts: Papers Given at the Editorial Conference, University of Toronto October 1965|location=Toronto|publisher = [[University of Toronto Press]]|date=1966|pages=93-95|isbn=9781487582128|url=https://www.academia.edu/37216827/Natalie_Zemon_Davis_Publisher_Guillaume_Rouill%C3%A9_Businessman_and_Humanist_in_R_J_Schoeck_ed_Editing_Sixteenth_Century_Texts_Toronto_University_of_Toronto_Press_1966_72_112|access-date=2022-12-28|via=[[Academia.edu]]}}</ref> His heirs continued the press into the 17th century.
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