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Beginning in 1924, as a young army officer, Prestes was a leading figure in an abortive military revolt. After its failure, he led a band of rebel troops, known as the [[Coluna Prestes|Prestes Column]], on a three-year, 14,000-mile trek through the remote Brazilian interior in a futile attempt to stir peasant opposition to the Government. Eventually, the rebels went into exile in [[Bolivia]].<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/09/obituaries/luis-carlos-prestes-92-brazilian-communist.html|title=Luis Carlos Prestes, 92, Brazilian Communist|website=The New York Times}}</ref> Although the effort failed, he became a romantic hero.
He went on to become general-secretary of the [[Brazilian Communist Party]], which advocated ending payments on the [[national debt]], [[nationalization]] of foreign-owned companies, and [[land reform]]. Imprisoned after a violent uprising in 1935 and sentenced to 30 years in prison for ordering the execution of the teenager [[Elza Fernandes]],<ref>{{Cite book|author-link=Sérgio Rodrigues (author)|edition=2nd|first=Sérgio|isbn=9788535931037|language=pt|last=Rodrigues|location=São Paulo|publisher=[[Companhia das Letras]]|title=Elza, a garota: a história da jovem comunista que o Partido matou|year=2018|pages=9–10}}</ref> he was released after [[World War II]] and later served briefly as a senator. He was the communist opposition throughout the [[Vargas Era]] in [[Brazil]].<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/09/obituaries/luis-carlos-prestes-92-brazilian-communist.html|title=Luis Carlos Prestes, 92, Brazilian Communist|website=The New York Times}}</ref>
In the 1980s, Prestes accused the Brazilian Communist Party of abandoning [[Marxist-Leninist]] philosophy. He was removed from the leadership in 1980 and expelled in 1984. He campaigned for [[Leonel Brizola]], a [[center-left]] candidate, in the [[1989 Brazilian presidential election|1989 presidential election]], won by [[Fernando Collor de Mello]].<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/09/obituaries/luis-carlos-prestes-92-brazilian-communist.html|title=Luis Carlos Prestes, 92, Brazilian Communist|website=The New York Times}}</ref>
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