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The '''Canindé River''' is a seasonal waterway flowing into the [[Parnaiba River]] near [[Amarante Municipality, Piauí|Amarante]] in the State of [[Piauí]] in [[northeastern Brazil]]. The stream flows for approx. 350 km from headwaters in the foothills on the Piaui/Pernambuco border (northwest of [[Afrânio]], [[Pernambuco]]) northwest into Piauí then through [[Paulistana]] and Oeiras to Amarante on the junction of the Canindé with the Parnaiba. [[Oeiras Municipality, Piauí|Oeiras]] is the main commercial center in the Canindé River valley. The [[biome]] type along the river is [[caatinga]], which is composed of typical northeastern Brazilian semiarid vegetation. The river and fauna and flora of the environs were described by the German naturalists [[Johann Baptist von Spix]] and [[Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius]] during their travels in Brazil in April and May, 1819.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Spix |first1=Johann Baptist von |last2=Martius |first2=C. F. P. von |title=Travels in Brazil, in the Years 1817-1820: Undertaken by Command of His Majesty the King of Bavaria |date=2013 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781108063821 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EZUoAAAAQBAJ |language=en |chapter=Book seventh Chapter 2|volume=2}}</ref>
The Canindé and its tributary the [[Piauí River (Piauí)|Piauí River]]{{#tag:ref|Originally ''Piauhi'', the river from which the province derives its name|group=Note}} which enters it about 125 km below Oeiras, constitute what is often referred to as the Caninde-Piaui river system. The Caninde / Piauí River basin with an area of approximately 75,000 km<sup>2</sup>, is the largest sub-basin (29.7%) of the Parnaíba River Basin, which constitutes 98.3% of the land area of the State of Piaui.
The Caninde-Piaui river system and its tributaries present a temporary torrential flow regime: flow rate is characterized by abrupt variations due to tropical storms
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