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Ira Leviton (talk | contribs) m Fixed a PMC parameter in a citation. Please see Category:CS1 maint: PMC format. |
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In many cases, use of intravenous iron such as ferric carboxymaltose has lower risks of adverse events than a blood transfusion and as long as the person is stable is a better alternative.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Moore |first1=R Andrew |last2=Gaskell |first2=Helen|last3=Rose |first3=Peter |last4=Allan |first4=Jonathan |title=Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (Ferinject) from clinical trial reports and published trial data |journal=BMC Blood Disorders |volume=11 |pages=4 |year=2011 |pmid=21942989 |pmc=3206450 |doi=10.1186/1471-2326-11-4 }}</ref> Ultimately this always remains a clinical decision based on local guidelines, although National Guidelines are increasingly stipulating IV iron in certain groups of patients.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw128 | pmid=27206819 | volume=37 | issue=27 | title=2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure | journal=European Heart Journal | pages=2129–2200| year=2016 | last1=Ponikowski | first1=Piotr | last2=Voors | first2=Adriaan A. | last3=Anker | first3=Stefan D. | last4=Bueno | first4=Héctor | last5=Cleland | first5=John G. F. | last6=Coats | first6=Andrew J. S. | last7=Falk | first7=Volkmar | last8=González-Juanatey | first8=José Ramón | last9=Harjola | first9=Veli-Pekka | last10=Jankowska | first10=Ewa A. | last11=Jessup | first11=Mariell | last12=Linde | first12=Cecilia | last13=Nihoyannopoulos | first13=Petros | last14=Parissis | first14=John T. | last15=Pieske | first15=Burkert | last16=Riley | first16=Jillian P. | last17=Rosano | first17=Giuseppe M. C. | last18=Ruilope | first18=Luis M. | last19=Ruschitzka | first19=Frank | last20=Rutten | first20=Frans H. | last21=Van Der Meer | first21=Peter | author22=ESC Scientific Document Group | doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jju009 | pmid=25518052 | volume=9 | issue=3 | title=European Consensus on the Diagnosis and Management of Iron Deficiency and Anaemia in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | journal=Journal of Crohn's and Colitis | pages=211–222| year=2015 | last1=Dignass | first1=Axel U. | last2=Gasche | first2=Christoph | last3=Bettenworth | first3=Dominik | last4=Birgegård | first4=Gunnar | last5=Danese | first5=Silvio | last6=Gisbert | first6=Javier P. | last7=Gomollon | first7=Fernando | last8=Iqbal | first8=Tariq | last9=Katsanos | first9=Konstantinos | last10=Koutroubakis | first10=Ioannis | last11=Magro | first11=Fernando | last12=Savoye | first12=Guillaume | last13=Stein | first13=Jürgen | last14=Vavricka | first14=Stephan | doi-access=free }}</ref>
A Cochrane review of controlled trials comparing [[Intravenous iron infusion|intravenous (IV) iron therapy]] with [[Iron supplement|oral iron]] supplements in people with [[chronic kidney disease]], found low-certainty evidence that people receiving IV-iron treatment were 1.71 times as likely to reach their target [[hemoglobin]] levels. <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last=O'Lone |first=Emma L |last2=Hodson |first2=Elisabeth M |last3=Nistor |first3=Ionut |last4=Bolignano |first4=Davide |last5=Webster |first5=Angela C |last6=Craig |first6=Jonathan C |date=2019 |editor-last=Cochrane Kidney and Transplant Group |title=Parenteral versus oral iron therapy for adults and children with chronic kidney disease |url=https://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/14651858.CD007857.pub3 |journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |language=en |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD007857.pub3 |pmc=
Soluble iron salts have a significant risk of adverse effects and can cause toxicity due to damage to cellular macromolecules. Delivering iron parenterally has utilised various different molecules to limit this. This has included [[dextrans]], [[sucrose]], carboxymaltose and more recently Isomaltoside 1000.{{citation needed|date=July 2015}}
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