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[[File:Chicago and Northwestern railroad locomotive shop fsac.1a34676u.jpg|thumb|right|230px|Chicago and Northwestern railroad locomotive shop in the 20th century.]]
 
In [[sociology]], '''industrial society''' is a society driven by the use of [[technology]] and [[machinery]] to enable [[mass production]], supporting a [[population growth|large population]] with a high capacity for [[division of labour|division of labor]]. Such a structure developed in the [[Western world]] in the period of time following the [[Industrial Revolution]], and replaced the [[agrarian society|agrarian societies]] of the [[Modern history#Pre-modern|pre-modern]], [[pre-industrial society|pre-industrial]] age. Industrial societies are generally [[mass society|mass societies]], and may be succeeded by an [[information society]]. They are often contrasted with [[traditional society|traditional societies]].<ref name=slang>S. Langlois, Traditions: Social, In: Neil J. Smelser and Paul B. Baltes, Editor(s)-in-Chief, ''International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences'', Pergamon, Oxford, 2001, pages 15829-15833, {{ISBN|978-0-08-043076-8}}, {{doi|10.1016/B0-08-043076-7/02028-3}}. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B7MRM-4MT09VJ-4PM/2/1eb81ee3e63af98afa7a48ecacfb64a6 Online]</ref>
 
Industrial societies can be anything from building a house to simply baking bread. [[industrialization|Industrial]] societies use external energy sources, such as [[fossil fuels]], to increase the rate and scale of production.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://media.wiley.com/product_data/excerpt/98/04717398/0471739898.pdf |title=Chapter 1: Energy Fundamentals, Energy Use in an Industrial Society |access-date=2007-12-18}}</ref> The production of food is shifted to large commercial farms where the products of industry, such as [[combine harvesters]] and fossil fuel-based [[fertilizers]], are used to decrease required human labor while increasing production. No longer needed for the production of food, excess labor is moved into these [[factories]] where [[mechanization]] is utilized to further increase efficiency. As populations grow, and [[mechanization]] is further refined, often to the level of [[automation]], many workers shift to expanding [[service industries]].
 
Industrial society makes [[urbanization]] desirable, in part so that workers can be closer to centers of production, and the [[service industry]] can provide labor to workers and those that benefit financially from them, in exchange for a piece of production profits with which they can buy goods. This leads to the rise of very large cities and surrounding [[suburb]] areas with a high rate of [[economic activity]].
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With the Industrial Revolution, the manufacturing sector became a major part of European and North American economies, both in terms of labor and production, contributing possibly a third of all economic activity. Along with rapid advances in technology, such as [[steam power]] and mass [[steel]] production, the new manufacturing drastically reconfigured previously [[Mercantilism|mercantile]] and [[Feudalism|feudal]] economies. Even today, industrial manufacturing is significant to many developed and semi-developed economies.
 
== DeindustrializationDeindustrialisation ==
{{main|DeindustrializationDeindustrialisation}}
[[File:Clark's Sector Model.png|thumb|upright=2.05|[[Colin Clark (economist)|Colin Clark]]'s sector model of an economy undergoing technological change. In later stages, the [[Quaternary sector of the economy]] grows.]]
 
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| page = 487
| isbn = 9780190458898
| access-date = 76 November 2019
| quote = ''Tertiarization'' refers to the dominance of so-called third- or tertiary-sector production in the economy.
}}
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|title= Slavery, the British Atlantic Economy and the Industrial Revolution
|url= https://www.economics.ox.ac.uk/materials/papers/12739/harley113.pdf
|journal= Working Paper|pages= 8–97–8
|quote = As the Industrial Revolution proceeded, the main focus of economic attention shifted to the new industries created by Britain's technological prominence. These industries looked not for protection but for an opening of export markets. As the political economy shifted, the West Indian interest became vulnerable to their opponents. The slave trade was abolished in 1807 and slavery eventually abolished in 1833.
}}
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