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'''Prudence Heward''' (July 5, 1896 – March 19, 1947)<ref name="Ferrari">Ferrari, Prudence. "Prudence Heward: Painting at Home." (2001). In ''Framing Our Past: Canadian Women's History in the Twentieth Century,'' S.A. Cook, L.R. McLean, and K. O'Rourke, eds. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 129-133.</ref> was one of Canada`s leading figure painters. She was principally known for "brilliant acid colours, sculptural treatment, and an intense brooding quality".<ref>[http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/en/article/prudence-heward/ The Canadian Encyclopedia]</ref> She was a charter member of the [[Canadian Group of Painters]], the [[Contemporary Arts Society]] and the [[Federation of Canadian Artists]].<ref>[http://cwahi.concordia.ca/sources/artists/nameSearch.php?artist=prudence+heward Canadian Women Artists History Initiative]</ref> Although she did not show her work with the [[Beaver Hall Group]], she was allied with many of it artists.
==Biography==
Born '''Efa Prudence Heward''' in [[Montreal]], [[Quebec]], Canada into a
During [[World War I]], Heward lived in [[England]] where her brothers served in the [[Canadian Army]] while she served as a volunteer with the [[Red Cross]]. Returning to Canada at war's end, she continued her painting and joined the [[Beaver Hall Hill Group]]. In 1924 her works were given their first public showing at the [[Royal Canadian Academy of Arts]] in [[Toronto]], [[Ontario]]. However, it was still an era when women artists were given little credibility and it wasn't until 1932 that Heward's first solo exhibition came at the Scott Gallery in Montreal.
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She was invited to exhibit with the [[Group of Seven (artists)|Group of Seven]] and through it became friends with [[A. Y. Jackson]] with whom she would go on sketching excursions along the [[Saint Lawrence River]]. She did a number of landscapes, with a particular attachment for Quebec's [[Eastern Townships]].
She joined the executive committee of "The Atelier: A School of Drawing Painting Sculpture" in 1931.<ref name=":0">{{cite book|url=https://www.aci-iac.ca/art-books/prudence-heward|title=Prudence Heward: Life & Work|last1=Skelly|first1=Julia|publisher=Art Canada Institute|year=2015|isbn=9781487100698|language=en|access-date=11 March 2017}}</ref> During the Second World War she designed war posters.<ref name=":0" /> In 1933, Prudence Heward co-founded the [[Canadian Group of Painters]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Walters|first1=Evelyn|title=The women of Beaver Hall Canadian modernist painters|date=2005|publisher=Dundurn Press|location=Toronto [Ont.]|isbn=1282810855|page=18}}</ref> but her struggle with [[asthma]] and other health problems eventually slowed her down.<ref>{{Cite thesis|url=http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/976414/|title=Challenging the status quo: Prudence Heward's portrayals of Canadian women from the 1920s to the 1940s|last=Powell|first=Grace|publisher=Concordia University|year=2008|location=Montreal|pages=105|type=masters}}</ref> A 1939 automobile accident curtailed her abilities further but she still produced some outstanding portraits until 1945 when her health had deteriorated to the point where she had to give up painting. She died two years later, while seeking medical treatment in [[Los Angeles]], [[California]].<ref name="Ferrari" />
==Works==
[[File:Immigrantes - Prudence Heward.jpg|alt= The Immigrants, Prudence Heward, 1929, Private Collection, Toronto|thumb| The Immigrants, Prudence Heward, 1929, Private Collection, Toronto]]
Though Heward also painted landscapes and still lifes, she was primarily a painter of human subjects. As Julia Skelly points out in ''Prudence Heward: Life & Work'', Heward preferred the term “figures” to portraits, and most of her figurative paintings are of women who often return the viewer’s gaze, and who are "realistically rendered rather than unrealistically idealized."<ref name=":1">{{cite web | url= http://www.aci-iac.ca/prudence-heward/technique-and-style | title=Prudence Heward: Life & Work | publisher= Art Canada Institute | work=Technique and Style | access-date=25 November 2015 | author= Skelly, Julia }}</ref> These include [[nudity|nude]] subjects which was sometimes controversial in the 1930s.<ref>{{cite book|title=The women of Beaver Hall Canadian modernist painters|date=2005|publisher=Dundurn Press|isbn=1282810855|location=Toronto [Ont.]|page=17|last1=Walters|first1=Evelyn}}</ref> Art historian [[Charmaine Nelson]] has critically examined Heward’s depictions of black women she painted.<ref name=":0" />
Her work was influenced by schools of European [[modernism]] and her application of these principles and styles was more than merely formal. They provided her "with a dynamic visual vocabulary for depicting modern Canadian women in both rural and urban contexts."<ref name=":1" />
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