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'''Windows 8''' is<!--Do NOT change to "was". This violates [[MOS:TENSE]], which specifies that all articles on operating systems are written in present tense, even if discontinued.--> a major release of the [[Windows NT]] [[operating system]] developed by [[Microsoft]]. It was [[Software release life cycle#Release to manufacturing (RTM)|released to manufacturing]] on August 1, 2012, and was made available for download via [[Microsoft Developer Network|MSDN]] and [[Microsoft TechNet|TechNet]] on August 15, 2012.<ref name="verge-81handson" /> Nearly three months after its initial release, it finally made its first retail appearance on October 26, 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.zdnet.com/windows-8s-delivery-date-october-26-7000001158/|title=Windows 8's delivery date: October 26|work=[[ZDNet]]|publisher=[[CBS Interactive]]|date=July 18, 2012|access-date=September 17, 2012}}</ref>
Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform and [[graphical user interface|user interface]] with the intention to improve its user experience on [[tablet computer|tablets]], where [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]] competed with [[mobile operating system]]s such as [[Android (operating system)|Android]] and [[iOS]].<ref name=asd-win8ad /> In particular, these changes included a touch-optimized [[Windows shell]] and [[Start menu#Third version|start screen]] based on Microsoft's [[Metro (design language)|Metro]] design language, integration with online services, the [[Windows Store]], and a new keyboard shortcut for [[screenshot]]s.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Paul |first1=Ian |title=How to Take Screenshots in Windows 10, 8, and 7 |url=https://www.lifewire.com/take-screenshot-windows-7-8-10-4049964 |website=Lifewire |access-date=7 April 2023 |language=en}}</ref> Many of these features were adapted from [[Windows Phone]]. Windows 8 also added support for [[USB 3.0]], [[Advanced Format]], [[near-field communication]], and [[cloud computing]], as well as a new lock screen with clock and notifications and the previously released "[[Domino (Jessie J song)|Domino]]" and "[[Beauty and a Beat]]".
Windows 8 received a mostly negative reception. Although the reaction to its performance improvements, security enhancements, and improved support for touchscreen devices was positive, the new user interface was widely criticized as confusing and unintuitive, especially when used with a keyboard and mouse rather than a touchscreen. Despite these shortcomings, 60 million licenses were sold through January 2013, including upgrades and sales to [[OEM]]s for new PCs.<ref>{{cite web|last=Foley|first=Mary Jo|url=https://www.zdnet.com/microsoft-60-million-windows-8-licenses-sold-to-date-7000009549/|title=Microsoft: 60 million Windows 8 licenses sold to date|work=[[ZDNet]]|publisher=[[CBS Interactive]]|date=January 8, 2013|access-date=March 24, 2013}}</ref>
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