Lomonosov Gold Medal: Difference between revisions

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Line 1: {{Short description\|Annual Russian natural sciences and humanities award}} {{primary sources\|date=January 2020}} ~~[[File:Lomonosov Gold Medal.jpg\|thumb\|Lomonosov Gold Medal]]~~ {{Infobox award The '''Lomonosov Gold Medal''', named after [[Russia]]n scientist and [[polymath]] [[Mikhail Lomonosov]], is awarded each year since 1959 for outstanding achievements in the natural sciences and the humanities by the [[Soviet Union\|USSR]] Academy of Sciences and later the [[Russian Academy of Sciences]] (RAS). Since 1967, two medals are awarded annually: one to a Russian and one to a foreign scientist. It is the Academy's highest accolade.▼ \| name = Lomonosov Gold Medal \| image = Lomonosov Gold Medal.jpg \| alt = A golden medallion with an embossed image of [[Mikhail Lomonosov]] facing left in profile. \| awarded_for = \| presenter = {{Plainlist\| * [[Russian Academy of Sciences]] }} \| country = {{Plainlist\| * [[Russia]] }} \| year = {{start date and age\|df=yes\|1959}} \| reward = A gold medal, a diploma, \| holder_label = Number of laureates \| holder = 106 prizes to 54 laureates ({{As of\|2019\|lc=y}}) \| website = }} ▲The '''Lomonosov Gold Medal''' ({{langx\|ru\|Большая золотая медаль имени М. В. Ломоносова}} ''Bol'shaya zolotaya medal' imeni M. V. Lomonosova''), named after [[Russia]]n scientist and [[polymath]] [[Mikhail Lomonosov]], is awarded each year since 1959 for outstanding achievements in the natural sciences and the humanities by the [[Soviet Union\|USSR]] Academy of Sciences and later the [[Russian Academy of Sciences]] (RAS). Since 1967, two medals ~~are~~have been awarded annually: one to a Russian and one to a foreign scientist. It is the ~~Academy~~academy's highest accolade. {{Clear}} Line 14 ⟶ 32: ===1963=== * [[Sin-Itiro Tomonaga]] (member of the Japanese academy of Sciences, president of the Scientific Council of Japan) : for substantial scientific contributions to the development of physics. * [[Hideki Yukawa]] (member of the Japanese academy of Sciences, director of the Institute of Basic Research at the University of Kyoto) : for outstanding merits in the development of theoretical physics. ===1964=== * Sir [[Howard Walter Florey]] (professor, president of the Royal Society of Great Britain) : for an outstanding contribution in the development of medicine. ===1965=== Line 24 ⟶ 42: ===1967=== * [[Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm]] : for outstanding achievements in the theory of elementary particles and other domain of theoretical physics * [[Cecil Frank Powell]] (professor, member of the Royal Society of Great Britain) : for outstanding achievements in the physics of elementary particles. ===1968=== * [[Vladimir Aleksandrovich Engelgardt]] : for outstanding achievements in biochemistry and molecular biology. * [[István Rusznyák]] (president of the Academy of Sciences of the Hungarian People's Republics) : for outstanding achievements in medicine. ===1969=== * [[Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov]] : for outstanding achievements in chemical physics. * [[Giulio Natta]] (professor, Italy) : for outstanding achievements in the chemistry of polymers ===1970=== * [[Ivan Matveevich Vinogradov]] : for outstanding studies in mathematics. * [[Arnaud Denjoy]] (member of the Académie française) : for outstanding achievements in mathematics. ===1971=== * [[Viktor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian]] : for outstanding achievements in astronomy and astrophysics. * [[Hannes Alfvén]] (professor, member of the Royal Academy of Sciences in Stockholm, Sweden) : for outstanding achievements in physics of plasma and astrophysics. ===1972=== * [[Nikoloz Muskhelishvili]] : for outstanding achievements in mathematics and mechanics. * [[Max Steenbeck]] (full member of the Academy of Sciences of the German Democratic Republic) : for outstanding achievements in the physics of plasma and applied physics. ===1973=== * [[Aleksandr Pavlovich Vinogradov]] : for outstanding achievements in geochemistry. * [[Vladimír Zoubek]] (full member of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences) : for outstanding achievements in geology. ===1974=== * [[Aleksandr Ivanovich Tselikov]] : for outstanding achievements in metallurgy and metal technology. * [[Angel Balevski]] (full member of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences) : for outstanding achievements in metallurgy and metal technology. ===1975=== * [[Mstislav Vsevolodovich Keldysh]] : for outstanding achievements in mathematics, mechanics and space research. * {{ill\|Maurice Roy (scientist)\|lt=Maurice Roy\|fr\|Maurice Roy (professeur)\|de\|Maurice Roy (Ingenieur)\|ru\|Руа, Морис (учёный)}} (full member of the Académie française) : for outstanding achievements in mechanics and its applications. ===1976=== * [[Semyon Isaakovich Volfkovich]] : for outstanding achievements in chemistry and the technology of phosphorus and the development of scientific foundations of chemicalization of agriculture in the USSR. * [[Herman Klare]] (full member of the Academy of Sciences of the German Democratic Republic) : for outstanding achievements in the chemistry and technology of man-made fibers. ===1977=== * [[Mikhail Alekseevich Lavrentiev]] : for outstanding achievements in mathematics and mechanics. * [[Linus Carl Pauling]] (member of the US National Academy of Sciences) : for outstanding achievements in chemistry and biochemistry. ===1978=== * [[Anatolii Petrovich Aleksandrov]] : for outstanding achievements in nuclear science and technology. * [[Alexander Robertus Todd]] (professor, president of the Royal Society of Great Britain) : for outstanding achievements in organic chemistry. ===1979=== * [[Aleksandr Oparin\|Aleksandr Ivanovich Oparin]] : for outstanding achievements in biochemistry. * [[Béla Szőkefalvi-Nagy]] (full member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) : for outstanding achievements in mathematics. ===1980=== * [[Boris Yevgenevich Paton]] : for outstanding achievements in metallurgy and metal technology. * [[Jaroslav Kožešník]] (full member of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences) : for outstanding achievements in applied mathematics and mechanics. ===1981=== * [[Vladimir Aleksandrovich Kotelnikov]] : for outstanding achievements in [[radiophysics]], [[radio engineering]] and [[electronics]]. * [[Pavle Savić]] (full member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Socialist Federative Republic of Yugoslavia) : for outstanding achievements in chemistry and physics. ===1982=== * [[Julii Borisovich Khariton]] : for outstanding achievements in physics. * [[Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin]] (professor, member of the London Royal Society) : for outstanding achievements in biochemistry and crystal chemistry. ===1983=== * [[Andrei Lvovich Kursanov]] : for outstanding achievements in physiology and biochemistry of plants. * [[Abdus Salam]] (professor, Pakistan) : for outstanding achievements in physics. ===1984=== * [[Nikolai Nikolaevich Bogolyubov]] : for outstanding achievements in mathematics and theoretical physics. * [[Rudolf Mössbauer]] (professor, Federal Republic of Germany) : for outstanding achievements in physics. ===1985=== * [[Mikhail Aleksandrovich Sadovsky]] (Soviet academician): for outstanding achievements in geology and geophysics. * [[Guillermo Haro]] (professor, Mexico) : for outstanding achievements in astrophysics. ===1986=== * [[Svyatoslav Fyodorov\|Svyatoslav Nikolaevich Fyodorov]] : for outstanding achievements in ophthalmology and eye microsurgery. * {{ill\|Josef Říman\|cs}} (academician, Chairman of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences) : for outstanding achievements in biochemistry. ===1987=== * [[Aleksandr Mikhailovich Prokhorov]] : for outstanding achievements in physics. * [[John Bardeen]] (professor, United States) : for outstanding achievements in physics. ===1988=== Line 165 ⟶ 183: ===2005=== * [[Yuri Osipyan\|Yuri Andreevich Ossipyan]]: for outstanding achievements in solid state physics. * [[Peter Hirsch (metallurgist)\|Peter Hirsch]] (professor, Great Britain): for outstanding achievements in solid state physics. ===2006=== Line 184 ⟶ 202: ===2010=== * [[Spartak Belyaev\|Spartak Timofeevich Belyaev]] : for outstanding contributions in physics. * [[Gerard 't Hooft]] (professor, Netherlands): for outstanding contributions in physics. ===2011=== * [[Vladimir Alexandrovich Tartakovsky]] : for outstanding contributions in chemistry. * [[Roald Hoffmann]] (professor, United States): for outstanding contributions in chemistry. ===2012=== * [[Gleb Vsevolodovich Dobrovolsky]] : for outstanding contribution in the field of soil science. * [[Richard Warren Arnold]] (professor, United States): for his outstanding contribution to the development of theoretical and applied soil science and modeling the behavior of soils in different landscapes of the world. Line 213 ⟶ 231: === 2017 === * [[Yuri Oganessian\|Yuri Tsolakovich Oganesyan]]: for fundamental research in the field of interaction of complex nuclei and experimental confirmation of the hypothesis of the existence of "stability islands" of superheavy elements. * [~~https://www.chalmers.se/en/staff/Pages/bjorn-jonson.aspx~~[Björn Jonson (physicist)\|Björn Jonson]] (professor, Sweden): for work of a fundamental nature, which are of fundamental importance for the study of the nuclear structure and nuclear stability of exotic lightest nuclei at the boundaries of nucleon stability. === 2018 === * [[Joseph Isaevich Gitelzon]]: for the justification and development of the ecological direction of biophysics, which has achieved a number of outstanding fundamental and practical results, in particular in marine and laboratory studies of bioluminescence. * [[Martin Chalfie]] (professor, United States): for developing new methods for bioluminescent analysis using GFP luminescent protein. === 2019 === * [[Georgy Golitsyn\|Georgy Sergeyevich Golitsyn]]: for outstanding contribution to the study of the physics of the earth's atmosphere and planets and the development of the theory of climate and its changes. * [[Paul J. Crutzen\|Paul Jozef Crutzen]] (professor, Netherlands): for outstanding contribution to chemistry atmosphere and assessment of the role of [[biogeochemical cycle]]s in the climate formation. === 2020 === * [[Sergey Petrovich Novikov]]: for a leading role in the revival of modern topology in our country, solving fundamental problems of topology, the theory of nonlinear waves, quantum mechanics and field theory. * [[John Willard Milnor]] (professor, United States): for the discovery of non-standard smooth structures on multidimensional spheres, solving fundamental problems of topology and the theory of dynamical systems. === 2021 === * [[Georgy Pavlovich Georgiev]]: for classical works on the study of the structure and expression of the genome of higher eukaryotes. * [[Richard John Roberts]] (professor, Great Britain): for his great contribution to the study of pro- and eukaryotic genomes, RNA splicing, gene identification restriction enzymes and methylases.<ref>[http://www.ras.ru/news/news_release.aspx?ID=72609491-fb8d-4235-97a2-0853af546268 Lomonosov Gold Medal 2021](in Russian)</ref> === 2022 === * [[Yuri Victorovich Natochin]] for studying the mechanism of water-salt metabolism in astronauts and ways to normalize it in stroke. * [[Denis Noble]] for developing a mathematical model of the electrical phenomena of the heart.<ref>[https://www.ras.ru/news/shownews.aspx?id=8caa02a0-74b3-40c8-86a5-09200303a8b2 Lomonosov Gold Medal 2022](in Russian)</ref> == See also ==▼ * [[List of general science and technology awards]] ▼ * [[Prizes named after people]]▼ == References == Line 227 ⟶ 265: [http://www.ras.ru/about/awards/awdlist.aspx?awdid=1 Winners of Lomonosov Gold Medal (in Russian)] second source [http://www.ras.ru/rasawards/b289ac9a-9d5c-4c0f-bde8-9567088d0546.aspx Lomonosov Gold Medal with pictures (in Russian)] ▲==See also== ▲[[List of science and technology awards]] ▲[[Prizes named after people]] [[Category:Awards established in 1959]] [[Category:~~Orders,~~Civil ~~decorations,~~awards and ~~medals~~decorations of Russia]] [[Category:~~Orders,~~Civil ~~decorations,~~awards and ~~medals~~decorations of the Soviet Union]] [[Category:Awards of the Russian Academy of Sciences]] [[Category:USSR Academy of Sciences]] [[Category:1959 establishments in the Soviet Union]]