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Line 1: {{Short description\|Handheld game console made by Nintendo}}▼ [[Category:Game Boy\| ]]▼ [[Category:Products introduced in 1989]]▼ [[Category:Game Boy consoles]]▼ [[Category:1980s toys]]▼ [[Category:1990s toys]]▼ [[Category:2000s toys]]▼ [[Category:Monochrome video game consoles]]▼ [[Category:Regionless game consoles]]▼ [[Category:Fourth-generation video game consoles]]▼ [[Category:Handheld game consoles]]▼ [[Category:Z80-based video game consoles]]▼ [[Category:Products and services discontinued in 2003]]▼ [[Category:Experimental musical instruments]]▼ [[Category:Discontinued handheld game consoles]]▼ ▲{{Short description\|Handheld game console by Nintendo}} {{Use mdy dates\|date=September 2024}} {{Infobox information appliance Line 44 ⟶ 30: }}</ref> }} \| discontinued = {{~~ubil\|{{date~~Video ~~and~~game ~~age~~release\|WW\|March 31, 2003~~\|p=y\|br=y}}~~}} \| units sold = 118.69 million (including all variants and [[Game Boy Color]])<ref name="Nintendo 2016">{{Cite web \|date=April 26, 2016 \|title=Consolidated Sales Transition by Region \|url=https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/library/historical_data/pdf/consolidated_sales_e1603.pdf \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427084600/https://www.nintendo.co.jp/ir/library/historical_data/pdf/consolidated_sales_e1603.pdf \|archive-date=April 27, 2016 \|access-date=October 23, 2016 \|publisher=Nintendo}}</ref> \| media = [[Game Boy Game Pak]] Line 62 ⟶ 48: \| successor = [[Game Boy Color]] }} The '''Game Boy''' is a [[handheld game console]] developed by [[Nintendo]], launched in the Japanese home market on April 21, 1989, followed by North America later that year and other territories from 1990 onwards. Following the success of the [[Game & Watch]] single-game handhelds, Nintendo developed the Game Boy to be more like a portable [[Video game console\|console]], with interchangeable cartridges. The concept proved highly successful and the Game Boy became a [[cultural icon]] of the 1990s and early 2000s. Line 90 ⟶ 77: == Hardware == [[File:Nintendo_Game_Boy_DMG-01_-_board_with_card_slot-9880.jpg\|thumb\|The original Game Boy motherboard ([[commons:File:Nintendo Game Boy DMG-01 - board with card slot-9880.jpg\|Annotated version]])]] The Game Boy uses a custom [[system on a chip]] (SoC), to house most of the components, named the ''DMG-CPU'' by Nintendo and the ''LR35902'' by its manufacturer, the [[Sharp Corporation]].<ref name="Copetti 20192">{{Cite web \|last=Copetti \|first=Rodrigo \|date=February 21, 2019 \|title=Game Boy / Color Architecture – A Practical Analysis \|url=https://www.copetti.org/writings/consoles/game-boy/ \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240413195021/https://www.copetti.org/writings/consoles/game-boy/ \|archive-date=April 13, 2024 \|access-date=April 29, 2024 \|language=en}}</ref> Within the DMG-CPU, the main processor is a ''Sharp SM83'',<ref>{{Cite web \|last=Javanainen \|first=Joonas \|date=April 23, 2024 \|title=Game Boy: Complete Technical Reference \|url=https://gekkio.fi/files/gb-docs/gbctr.pdf \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240429214715/https://gekkio.fi/files/gb-docs/gbctr.pdf \|archive-date=April 29, 2024 \|access-date=April 29, 2024 \|website=gekkio.fi}}</ref> a hybrid between two other [[8-bit computing\|8-bit]] processors: the [[Intel 8080]] and the [[Zilog Z80]]. The SM83 has the seven 8-bit [[Processor register\|registers]] of the 8080 (~~compared~~lacking tothe alternate 14registers onof the Z80), but uses the Z80's programming syntax and extra [[bit manipulation]] instructions, it also adds ~~a few~~ new instructions to optimize the processor for certain operations related to the way the hardware was arranged.<ref name="McFarren 20162" /><ref name="Copetti 20192" /><ref>{{Cite web \|date=January 2, 2013 \|title=The Nintendo Game Boy, Part 1: The Intel 8080 and the Zilog Z80 \|url=https://realboyemulator.wordpress.com/2013/01/01/the-nintendo-game-boy-1/ \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220510190547/https://realboyemulator.wordpress.com/2013/01/01/the-nintendo-game-boy-1/ \|archive-date=May 10, 2022 \|access-date=August 29, 2017 \|publisher=RealBoy Emulator Blog}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|title=CPU Comparison with Z80 \|url=https://gbdev.io/pandocs/CPU_Comparison_with_Z80 \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240429215020/https://gbdev.io/pandocs/CPU_Comparison_with_Z80 \|archive-date=April 29, 2024 \|access-date=April 29, 2024 \|website=Pan Docs \|language=en}}</ref> The Sharp SM83 operates at a [[clock rate]] of 4.194304 MHz.<ref name="Copetti 20192" /> The DMG-CPU also incorporates the ''Picture Processing Unit'', essentially a basic [[GPU]], that renders visuals using an 8 KB bank of [[Video RAM (dual-ported DRAM)\|Video RAM]] located on the motherboard.<ref name="Copetti 20192" /> The display itself is a 2.5-inch (diagonal) reflective [[Super-twisted nematic display\|super-twisted nematic]] (STN) monochrome [[liquid-crystal display]] (LCD), measuring {{Convert\|47\|mm\|sp=us}} wide by {{Convert\|43\|mm\|sp=us}} high. The screen can render four shades with a resolution of 160 [[Pixel\|pixels]] wide by 144 pixels high in a 10:9 [[Aspect ratio (image)\|aspect ratio]].<ref name="User Manual Page 122">{{Cite web \|year=1989 \|title=GameBoy User Manual \|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/30348074@N00/5439992398/in/set-72157626034398554/ \|url-status=live \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629131839/http://www.flickr.com/photos/30348074@N00/5439992398/in/set-72157626034398554/ \|archive-date=June 29, 2011 \|access-date=February 12, 2011 \|publisher=Nintendo of America \|page=12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web \|last=Verhoeven \|first=Jan \|date=August 22, 2009 \|title=Interrupt Descriptions \|url=http://verhoeven272.nl/cgi-bin/FSgz?fruttenboel%2FGameboy&Fruttenboel+Gameboy+section&GBtop&GBspec&GBcontent \|url-status=dead \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140921002517/http://verhoeven272.nl/cgi-bin/FSgz?fruttenboel%2FGameboy&Fruttenboel+Gameboy+section&GBtop&GBspec&GBcontent \|archive-date=September 21, 2014 \|access-date=March 25, 2010 \|website=Using the GameBoy skeleton for serious business}}</ref> Line 121 ⟶ 108: !Depth \|{{cvt\|32\|mm}} \|{{cvt\|25.3\|mm\|0}} \|{{cvt\|27\|mm}} \|- Line 157 ⟶ 144: \|- ! rowspan="2" \|Memory \|{{Unbulleted list\|'''On SoC:''' 256 B ~~"bootstrap"~~  ROM, 127 B High RAM\|'''Internal:''' 8 KB [[Random-access memory\|RAM]], 8 KB [[Video Random Access Memory\|Video RAM]]}} \| colspan="2" \|{{Unbulleted list\|'''On SoC:''' 256 B ~~"bootstrap"~~  ROM, 127 B High RAM, 8 KB Video RAM\|'''Internal:''' 8 KB RAM}} \|- \| colspan="3" \|'''External:''' (in the game cartridge) up to 1 MB ROM, up to 128 KB RAM Line 170 ⟶ 157: \|Up to 30 hours \|Up to 10 hours \|{{Unbulleted list\|upUp to 20 hours (backlight off)\|upUp to 12 hours (backlight on)}} \|- !Sound Line 176 ⟶ 163: \|- ![[Input/output\|I/O]] \| colspan="3" \|{{Unbulleted list\|[[Game Link Cable]]: (8 [[kbit/s]] ~~with~~between up to 4 ~~connections~~devices)<ref name="Game Boy Programming Manual">{{Cite book \|url=https://archive.org/details/GameBoyProgManVer1.1 \|title=Game Boy Programming Manual \|date=December 3, 1999 \|publisher=[[Nintendo]] \|access-date=November 21, 2024 \|via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref>{{rp\|28}}\|[[Game Boy Game Pak]] slot}} \|- !Controls Line 244 ⟶ 231: == External links == {{Commons category}} * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110128120244/http://www.gameboy.com/ Official website] archived at the [[Wayback Machine]] ~~{{Game Boy line}}{{Nintendo hardware\|Game Boy}}{{Fourth generation game consoles}}{{Handheld game consoles}}~~ {{Game Boy line}} {{Authority control}}{{Portal bar\|Video games\|Electronics\|1980s\|1990s}}▼ {{Nintendo hardware\|Game Boy}} {{Fourth generation game consoles}} {{Handheld game consoles}} ▲~~{{Authority control}}~~{{Portal bar\|Video games\|Electronics\|1980s\|1990s}} {{Authority control}} ▲[[Category:Game Boy\| ]] ▲[[Category:Products introduced in 1989]] ▲[[Category:Game Boy consoles]] ▲[[Category:1980s toys]] ▲[[Category:1990s toys]] ▲[[Category:2000s toys]] ▲[[Category:Monochrome video game consoles]] ▲[[Category:Regionless game consoles]] ▲[[Category:Fourth-generation video game consoles]] ▲[[Category:Handheld game consoles]] ▲[[Category:Z80-based video game consoles]] ▲[[Category:Products and services discontinued in 2003]] ▲[[Category:Experimental musical instruments]] ▲[[Category:Discontinued handheld game consoles]]