Content deleted Content added
m Bot: Change redirected category House of Sapieha to Sapieha |
No edit summary |
||
| (48 intermediate revisions by 25 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{Short description|Polish-Lithuanian aristocrat and statesman}}
{{Infobox nobility
| name =Lew Sapieha
| image =Lew Sapieha 11.PNG
| caption =
| title = ''Great Hetman''<br/>''Grand Chancellor''
| spouse =[[Firlej family|Dorota Firlej]]<br/>Halaszka Radziwiłł
| issue = ''with [[Dorota Firlej]]''<br>Katarzyna Sapieha<br>Krzysztof Sapieha<br>[[Jan Stanisław Sapieha]]<br>
|predecessor=|successor=| full name =
| CoA =[[Lis coat of arms|Lis]]
|tenure=| noble family =[[House of Sapieha|Sapieha]]
| father =Iwan Sapieha
| mother =Bohdana Drucka Konopka
| birth_date =
| birth_place =near [[Vitebsk]], [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] (now Belarus)
| death_date ={{Death date and age|1633|7|7|1557|4|4|df=y}}
| death_place =[[Vilnius]], [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] (now Lithuania)
}}
'''Lew Sapieha''' ({{
Sapieha is considered as a great political figure of the Commonwealth. A rich and powerful [[magnate]], he was known for his wisdom as a statesman, lawyer and military commander, he was one of the greatest leaders of the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] at the times of the Duchy's highest cultural flourishing. He was of [[Ruthenians|Ruthenian]] ethnicity.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archive.minfolit.lt/arch/20001/20356.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-12-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602100904/http://archive.minfolit.lt/arch/20001/20356.pdf |archive-date=2013-06-02 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://archive.minfolit.lt/arch/21501/21907.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2012-12-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602143425/http://archive.minfolit.lt/arch/21501/21907.pdf |archive-date=2013-06-02 }}</ref> Modern [[Belarus]]ian sources interpret his Ruthenian heritage as [[Belarusians|Belarusian]].<ref>Саверчанка І.В. Канцлер Вялікага княства. Леў Сапега, Мн., Навука і тэхніка, 1992, с.63.</ref><ref>Чаропка В. Бацька Айчыны. Леў Сапега. ў кнізе «Уладары вялікага княства», Мн., Беларусь, 1-е издание 1996, 2-ое издание 2002, с.327-408.</ref><ref>Редактор: Тарас А. Е, Вялікі беларус Леў Сапега: Зборнік артыкулаў, 2012, Издательство: Інстытут беларускай гісторыі i культуры {{ISBN|978-9984-897-03-5}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://library.by/portalus/modules/belarus/show_archives.php?subaction=showfull&id=1290335803&archive=1290362895&start_from=&ucat=8&|title=Лев Сапега (БЕЛАРУСЬ)|journal=Library.by|year=2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://samlib.ru/p/prokopchuk_artur_andreewich/msworddoc-15.shtml|title = Прокопчук Артур Андреевич. Беларусь - 1000 Лет Истории В Женских Образах}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nn.by/?c=ar&i=70123|title = Прафесар Крыштаповіч: Радзівілы, Сапегі, Агінскія не маюць нічога супольнага з беларускай ментальнасцю — відэа}}</ref>
==
He was born in [[Astroŭna]] ({{langx|be|Астроўна}}), near [[Vitebsk]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://jivebelarus.net/at_this_day/events_calendar262.html|title = Jivebelarus.net}}</ref> He was educated in [[Leipzig]] and worked in the royal chancellery of King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania [[Stephen Báthory]] under the direction of [[Jan Zamoyski]].
▲He was born in [[Astroŭna]] ({{lang-be|Астроўна}}), near [[Vitebsk]].<ref>http://jivebelarus.net/at_this_day/events_calendar262.html</ref> He was educated in [[Leipzig]] and worked in the royal chancellery of King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania [[Stefan Báthory]] under direction of [[Jan Zamoyski]]. Raised Eastern Orthodox, in his youth he converted to [[Calvinism]] and founded a number of Calvinist churches in his former estates. In the 1570s he turned to [[Unitarianism]]. Disillusioned by the squabbles within the Protestant camp, in 1586 he converted with his first wife to [[Roman Catholicism]] of which he became a zealous defender. After the [[Union of Brest]] he enforced conformity on the unwilling Eastern Orthodox.
==
{{Moresources | section|date=February 2024}}
He supported a political union with [[Tsardom of Russia|Muscovy]] in 1584–1600 and led the [[diplomatic mission]] to Moscow in 1600 that proposed the union to [[tzar]] [[Boris Godunov]], who declined the proposal. He also participated in [[Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18)|wars with Muscovy]] under rule of [[Stephen Báthory]] and King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania [[Sigismund III Vasa]]. He became an adviser of Sigismund III and supported his radical plans to take over the Muscovite throne and reclaim [[Smolensk]] by force.<ref>{{cite web |title=Leonas Sapiega: liūtas ar lapinas? |url=http://m.ldkistorija.lt/index.php/istoriniai-faktai/leonas-sapiega-liutas-ar-lapinas/1249 |website=ldkistorija.lt |access-date=11 November 2019 |archive-date=7 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407191506/http://m.ldkistorija.lt/index.php/istoriniai-faktai/leonas-sapiega-liutas-ar-lapinas/1249 |url-status=dead }}</ref> He participated in establishing the [[Lithuanian Tribunal]] in 1578.<ref name="saltiniai">{{cite web |title=Leonas Sapiega |url=http://www.šaltiniai.info/index/details/873 |website=šaltiniai.info |access-date=11 July 2019 |language=lt}}</ref>▼
As Chancellor he was the main editor and publisher of the last version of the [[Statutes of Lithuania|Statute of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania]].<ref name="saltiniai"></ref> He laid grounds for the establishment of the Law Faculty in the [[University of Vilnius]], which was created in 1641. He was co-initiator and a participant in the military expedition to Moscow in 1618 by King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania [[Władysław IV Vasa|Władysław IV]].
▲He supported a political union with [[Muscovy]] in 1584–1600 and led the [[diplomatic mission]] to Moscow in 1600 that proposed the union to [[tzar]] [[Boris Godunov]], who declined the proposal. He also participated in [[Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18)|wars with Muscovy]] under rule of [[Stephen Báthory]] and King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania [[Sigismund III Vasa]]. He became an adviser of Sigismund III and supported his radical plans to take over the Muscovite throne.
As
Sapieha died on 1633 and was interred in the cellars of the [[Church of St. Michael the Archangel in Vilnius]], which he himself
== Gallery ==▼
▲Sapieha died on 1633 and was interred in the cellars of the [[Church of St. Michael the Archangel in Vilnius]], which he himself has commissioned.<ref name="bradt">Howard Jarvis, Neil Taylor (2006) ''Vilnius with Kaunas'', Bradt Travel Guides, pp. 112–113</ref> His tomb remains there to the present day and is still the largest piece of art of its kind in the territory of Lithuania.
▲==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Lew Sapieha (1557-1633).jpg|Portrait depicting Sapieha by an unknown painter
File:Church of St. Michael
File:ChurchStMichaelVilnius7.jpg|Tomb of Lew Sapieha inside the church
File:Tombstone for Leonas Sapiega01(js).jpg|Lew Sapieha is buried with his two wives
File:Leonas-Sapiega-letter-1626.jpg|A letter signed by Sapieha from 1626
File:1995. Stamp of Belarus 0116.jpg|Belarusian stamp from 1995
Line 62:
[[Category:People from Beshankovichy District]]
[[Category:Sapieha|Lew]]
[[Category:Ruthenian nobility of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
[[Category:Former Polish Orthodox Christians]]
[[Category:Former Calvinist and Reformed Christians]]
Line 71:
[[Category:Secular senators of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
[[Category:Members of the Sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
[[Category:Polish people of the
[[Category:Great Hetmans of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]
[[Category:Grand chancellors of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]
[[Category:Lithuanian vice-chancellors]]
[[Category:Voivode of Vilnius]]
| |||