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{{Infobox NFL biography
| name = Joe Kapp
| image = Joe Kapp VPL 44011 (15707508290).jpg
| caption = Kapp in 1960
| number = 82, 22, 11
| position = [[Quarterback]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1938|3|19}}
| birth_place = [[Santa Fe, New Mexico]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|2023|5|8|1938|3|19}}
| death_place = [[San Jose, California]], U.S.
| height_ft = 6
| height_in = 2
| weight_lbs = 215
| high_school = [[William S. Hart High School
| college = [[California Golden Bears football|California]] (1956–1958)
| draftyear = 1959
| draftround = 18
| draftpick = 209
| pastteams =
* [[History of the Washington
* [[Calgary Stampeders]] ({{CFL Year|1959|1960}})
* [[BC Lions]] ({{CFL Year|1961|1966}})
* [[Minnesota Vikings]] ({{NFL Year|1967|1969}})
* [[New England Patriots|Boston Patriots]] ({{NFL Year|1970}})
| pastcoaching =
* [[California Golden Bears football|California]] ([[1982 NCAA Division I-A football season|1982]]–[[1986 NCAA Division I-A football season|1986]])
* [[Florida Bobcats|Sacramento Attack]] (1992)
| pastadmin =
* [[BC Lions]] ({{CFL Year|1990}}) ([[General Manager|GM]])
| highlights = ; NFL
* [[NFL champion]] ([[1969 NFL Championship game|1969]])
* [[Pro Bowl]] ([[1970 Pro Bowl|1969]])
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* [[BC Lions#Retired numbers|BC Lions No. 22]] retired
* Bob Bourne Memorial Trophy (1963)
; NCAA
* First-team [[College Football All-America Team|All-American]] ([[1958 College Football All-America Team|1958]])
* [[Pop Warner Trophy]] (1958)
* First-team [[List of All-Pac-12 Conference football teams|All-PCC]] ([[1958 All-Pacific Coast football team|1958]])
* Second-team All-PCC ([[1957 All-Pacific Coast football team|1957]])
; NFL record
* [[List of National Football League single-game passing touchdowns leaders|Most touchdown passes in a game]]: 7 (tied)
; As a coach
* [[Pac-12 Conference football individual awards#Coach of the Year|Pac-10 Coach of the Year]] (1982)
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▲| CollegeHOF = 2141
}}
'''Joseph Robert Garcia Kapp''' (March 19, 1938 – May 8, 2023) was an American [[gridiron football|football]] player, coach, and executive. He played [[college football]] as a [[quarterback]] for the [[California Golden Bears football|California Golden Bears]]. Kapp played professionally in the [[Canadian Football League]] (CFL) with the [[Calgary Stampeders]] and the [[BC Lions]] and then in the [[National Football League]] (NFL) with the [[Minnesota Vikings]] and the [[Boston Patriots]]
Kapp is a member of the [[Canadian Football Hall of Fame]], the [[BC Sports Hall of Fame]], the [[BC Lions#BC Lions Wall of Fame|BC Lions Wall of Fame]], the [[College Football Hall of Fame]], and the University of California Athletic Hall of Fame. Kapp's #22 jersey is one of eight numbers [[BC Lions#Retired numbers|retired]] by the Lions.<ref name="BC Lions Retired Numbers (BC Lions)">{{Cite web |title=BC Lions Retired Numbers |url=http://www.bclions.com/index.php?module=page&id=3066 |access-date=August 20, 2006 |publisher=BCLions.com}}</ref> In November 2006, Kapp was voted to the Honour Roll of the CFL's top 50 players of the league's modern era by Canadian sports network [[The Sports Network|TSN]].<ref name="TSN Top 50 Honour Roll">{{Cite web |date=November 28, 2006 |title=TSN Top 50 Honour Roll |url=https://www.tsn.ca/cfl/feature/?fid=10855 |access-date=May 1, 2007 |publisher=TSN.ca}}</ref> ''[[Sports Illustrated]]'' once called him "The Toughest Chicano".<ref name="sivmomch">{{Cite magazine |last=Kapp |first=Joe |date=July 20, 1970 |title=A man of machismo |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1970/07/20/611157/a-man-of-machismo |magazine=Sports Illustrated |page=26}}</ref> Kapp is the only player to play quarterback in the [[Super Bowl]], [[Rose Bowl Game|Rose Bowl]], and the [[Grey Cup]].
==Early
Kapp played [[college football]] at the [[University of California, Berkeley]], where he led the [[California Golden Bears football|California Golden Bears]] to a [[Pacific Coast Conference]] championship in [[1958 California Golden Bears football team|1958]] and the [[1959 Rose Bowl|Rose Bowl]], where they lost to [[1958 Iowa Hawkeyes football team|Iowa]].<ref name = Goldstein/> This remains California's most recent [[Rose Bowl Game|Rose Bowl]] appearance. Kapp was named an [[1958 College Football All-America Team|All-American]], and was also awarded the [[W. J. Voit Memorial Trophy]] in 1958 as the outstanding football player on the Pacific Coast. A two-sport athlete and fraternity member of [[Kappa Alpha Order]] in college, he also played on the [[California Golden Bears men's basketball|basketball team]] and was a member of the [[1956–57 NCAA University Division men's basketball season|1956–57]] and [[1957–58 NCAA University Division men's basketball season|1957–58]] squads that won the [[Pacific Coast Conference]] championships.<ref name=sivmomch/> He earned a bachelor's degree in [[physical education]] from the university in 1959.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://voicesofmontereybay.org/2021/10/01/an-el-sausal-legend/|website=Voices of Monterey Bay|title=An El Sausal Legend: Joe Kapp's fiery career traced from Salinas|author=Taylor, Dennis|date=October 1, 2021}}</ref>
==Professional career==
===Canadian Football League===
The [[1959 Washington Redskins season|Washington Redskins]] selected Kapp in the 18th round of the [[1959 NFL
Kapp joined the Calgary Stampeders of the CFL for his rookie season in [[1959 CFL season|1959]].<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|url=https://www.profootballarchives.com/playerk/kapp00200.html|website=Pro Football Archives|title=Joe Kapp Stats|access-date=May 10, 2023|archive-date=May 10, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230510152838/https://www.profootballarchives.com/playerk/kapp00200.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The following year, Kapp led Calgary to their first playoff appearance in years. The season was a difficult one
In 1961, the [[BC Lions]], then the CFL's newest franchise, traded four starting players to the Calgary Stampeders for
By that time, Kapp had
Before the [[1967 CFL season]], Kapp made the decision to return to the U.S. to play pro football. The [[American Football League|AFL's]] [[1967 Oakland Raiders season|Oakland Raiders]], [[1967 San Diego Chargers season|San Diego Chargers]], and [[1967 Houston Oilers season|Houston Oilers]]
Kapp ended up signing with the NFL's [[1967 Minnesota Vikings season|Minnesota Vikings]] in a multi-player "trade" between the CFL and NFL teams, one of the very few transactions to ever occur between the two leagues.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vikings Mourn Passing of Legendary QB Joe Kapp |url=https://www.vikings.com/news/joe-kapp-quarterback-mourn-passing |access-date=May 10, 2023 |website=www.vikings.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
The Minnesota Vikings in 1965 had [[1965 NFL
The Minnesota Vikings general manager was Jim Finks, who had brought Kapp to Canada in 1959, and their head coach was [[Bud Grant]], who had faced Kapp while coaching the [[Winnipeg Blue Bombers]]. Both Finks and Grant thought Joe Kapp would be the best replacement for [[Fran Tarkenton]], who had been traded to the [[1967 New York Giants season|New York Giants]].<ref name=":4" /> To make this transaction possible, the BC Lions traded all-star defensive lineman [[Dick Fouts]], and future [[Canadian Football Hall of Fame]] [[running back]] [[Bill Symons]] to Toronto for the CFL rights to future Canadian Football Hall of Fame [[wide receiver]] [[Jim Young]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bcsportshall.com/honoured_member/jim-young/|website=BC Sports Hall of Fame|title=Jim Young}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cfl.ca/2010/08/06/retro-profile-jim-dirty-thirty-young/|publisher=[[Canadian Football League]]|title=Retro Profile: Jim 'Dirty Thirty' Young|author=Snelgrove, Brian|date=August 6, 2010}}</ref> They then managed to get Kapp waived out of the CFL. The Vikings managed to waive [[Jim Young]] out of the NFL, which allowed the BC Lions to sign him.<ref>{{Cite web |
===National Football League===
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In [[1968 NFL season|1968]], Kapp led [[1968 Minnesota Vikings season|Minnesota]] to their first ever playoff appearance, losing to the favored [[1968 Baltimore Colts season|Baltimore Colts]], 24–14.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news|url=https://www.startribune.com/joe-kapp-vikings-quarterback-super-bowl-dies/600273444/|newspaper=[[Star Tribune]]|title=Joe Kapp, first Super Bowl quarterback for the Vikings, dies at 85|author=Craig, Mark|date=May 9, 2023}}</ref> The Colts were upset a few weeks later by the [[1968 New York Jets season|New York Jets]] in [[Super Bowl III]].<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://vault.si.com/vault/1969/01/20/say-its-so-joe|magazine=[[Sports Illustrated]]|title=Say It's So, Joe: Jets upset Colts in Super Bowl III|author=Maule, Tex|date=January 20, 1969}}</ref>
Early in the [[1969 Minnesota Vikings season|1969 season]], Kapp tied an all-time record when he threw for seven touchdown passes against the defending NFL champion [[1969 Baltimore Colts season|Colts]] on [[1969 Minnesota Vikings season#Week 2: vs. Baltimore Colts|September 28]].<ref name="kkooco">{{Cite news |date=September 29, 1969 |title=Kapp's 7 TD passes take kick out of Colts |page=36 |work=Pittsburgh Press |agency=UPI |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Dx4fAAAAIBAJ&pg=4532%2C6215652}}</ref> He is tied with seven other players ([[Sid Luckman]], [[Adrian Burk]], [[George Blanda]], [[Y. A. Tittle]], [[Nick Foles]], [[Peyton Manning]], and [[Drew Brees]]).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/leaders/pass_td_single_game.htm|website=[[Pro-Football-Reference.com]]|title=NFL Passing Touchdowns Single Game Leaders}}</ref><!-- Burk was one of the officials who worked the game.--> Kapp led the Vikings to a 12–2 record, and a berth in [[Super Bowl IV]] after defeating the [[1969 Los Angeles Rams season|Los Angeles Rams]] 23–20 in the Western Conference [[1969 NFL playoffs|championship game]], and the [[1969 Cleveland Browns season|Cleveland Browns]] 27–7 in the last non-Super Bowl [[National Football League|NFL]] [[1969 NFL Championship Game|Championship game]]. However, he was unable to lead the team to victory in the [[Super Bowl IV|Super Bowl]], as the Vikings lost 23–7 to the [[1969 Kansas City Chiefs season|Kansas City Chiefs]]. On July 20, 1970, ''[[Sports Illustrated]]'' dubbed Kapp "The Toughest [[Chicano]]" on the cover of its weekly magazine.<ref name=sivmomch/> He received the team MVP, but refused the team MVP award, saying, "There is no one most valuable Viking. There are 40 most valuable Vikings."<ref name="Joe Kapp, NFL Quarterback">{{Cite web |title=Joe Kapp, NFL Quarterback |url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1025444/index.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100204080602/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1025444/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 4, 2010 |access-date=April 8, 2002 |publisher=sportsillustrated.cnn.com}}</ref>
Prior to the 1969 season, the Vikings had exercised the option clause of his contract, so Kapp had played the entire season without a new contract. It was unusual for teams to use the team's option and not to offer a new contract prior to a season. This dispute made him a [[free agent]] for the {{nfly|1970}} season
Despite Kapp being a Super Bowl quarterback, no team in the NFL made contact with him until after the start of the 1970 regular season,<ref name="cooloff">{{Cite news |date=October 1, 1970 |title=Ex-player sees move to cool off Joe Kapp |page=19 |work=Lewiston Morning Tribune |agency=Associated Press |location=(Idaho) |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=77BeAAAAIBAJ&pg=3762%2C164202}}</ref> when the [[1970 Boston Patriots season|Boston Patriots]] (1–1) signed him on October 2 to a four-year contract,<ref name="ergpobt">{{Cite news |date=October 2, 1970 |title=Patriots obtain Joe Kapp; terms being worked out |page=3B |work=Eugene Register-Guard |agency=Associated Press |location=(Oregon) |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=iAcRAAAAIBAJ&pg=1660%2C231662}}</ref><ref name="bbupi">{{Cite news |date=October 2, 1970 |title=Patriots sign Kapp |page=7 |work=The Bulletin |agency=UPI |location=(Bend, Oregon) |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=__9XAAAAIBAJ&pg=4507%2C3510596}}</ref><ref name="wbawnr">{{Cite news |date=October 3, 1970 |title=Kapp says 'We'll be a winner' after signing with Patriots |page=10 |work=Lewiston Morning Tribune |agency=Associated Press |location=(Idaho) |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=8bBeAAAAIBAJ&pg=3398%2C631597}}</ref> making him the highest paid player in the league. The Patriots gave up [[defensive back]] [[John Charles (American football)|John Charles]] and a [[1972 NFL
The Patriots of [[1970 Boston Patriots season|1970]] were a poor-performing team and the late-arriving Kapp played poorly himself that season, leading the team to the 26-team league's worst record at 2–12.<ref name = Goldstein/> When the year ended, Rozelle demanded that Kapp sign a standard player contract. After conferring with his lawyer and the [[NFL Players Association]], Kapp refused to sign.<ref name = Goldstein/>
With the top pick in the [[1971 NFL
Kapp started an anti-trust lawsuit vs. the NFL, claiming the standard NFL contract was unconstitutional and a restraint of trade. He won the [[Summary Judgment|summary judgment]] after four years. The court had ruled that Kapp's trade was indeed restrained. It was two years later (April 1, 1976) in the trial for damages, that the jury decided that Kapp was not damaged.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Times |first=Leonard Koppett Special to The New York |date=April 3, 1976 |title=Jury Rules Kapp Not Entitled to Damages |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1976/04/03/archives/jury-rules-kapp-not-entitled-to-damages.html |access-date=May 10, 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
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In 1982, Kapp was hired as the head football coach at his alma mater, the [[California Golden Bears football|University of California, Berkeley]]. He had never coached before.<ref name="SIstory">{{Cite magazine |last=Fimrite |first=Ron |date=September 1, 1983 |title=The Anatomy of a Miracle |pages=212–228 |magazine=Sports Illustrated |url=http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~pattrsn/anatomyofmiracle.htm}}</ref>
In December 1981, Kapp made a promise to the football team that he would not consume any of his favorite alcoholic beverage, [[tequila]], until the Golden Bears reached the [[Rose Bowl Game|Rose Bowl]], which they did not under Kapp; indeed, as of
Kapp had several philosophies while coaching at Cal. He called his special teams the "special forces." He told his players to play "One hundred percent for 60 minutes." He also wanted the players to have fun. On Sundays, he would have his players play a game of "garbazz", described as a mix of basketball and football where the only objective is to pass the ball downfield. There are no football rules such as offsides or forward passes.<ref name="SIstory" />
In his first year as head coach in [[1982 California Golden Bears football team|1982]], the Golden Bears improved from 2–9 the year before to 7–4, and he was voted the [[Pac-10 Conference]] Coach of the Year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pac-12.com/article/2023/05/09/golden-bear-legend-joe-kapp-passes-away|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240523014441/https://pac-12.com/article/2023/05/09/golden-bear-legend-joe-kapp-passes-away|url-status=dead|archive-date=May 23, 2024|publisher=[[Pac-12 Conference]]|date=May 9, 2023|title=Golden Bear Legend Joe Kapp Passes Away}}</ref> The 1982 season concluded with [[The Play (Stanford vs. California)|The Play]], the famous five-lateral kickoff return by Cal to score the winning touchdown on the final play of the [[Big Game (American football)|Big Game]] against archrival [[1982 Stanford Cardinal football team|Stanford]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbssports.com/college-football/news/joe-kapp-dies-at-85-legendary-former-cal-player-coached-bears-during-iconic-the-play-moment/|work=[[CBS Sports]]|title=Joe Kapp dies at 85: Legendary former Cal player coached Bears during iconic 'The Play' moment |author=Straka, Dean|date=May 9, 2023}}</ref>
During the [[1986 California Golden Bears football team|1986 season]], the Bears lost to [[1986 Boston College Eagles football team|Boston College]], defeated [[1986 Washington State Cougars football team|Washington State]], then lost to [[San Jose State Spartans football|San Jose State]]. Following an embarrassing 50–18 loss at [[1986 Washington Huskies football team|Washington]] on October 4, Kapp expressed frustration unzipping his pants in front of the [[Seattle]] media.<ref name="ergzpho">{{Cite news |date=October 7, 1986 |title=Kapp unzipped; heat's on at Cal |page=3D |work=Eugene Register-Guard |agency=wire services |location=(Oregon) |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=m9wzAAAAIBAJ&pg=6633%2C1689005}}</ref><ref name="bhoprb">{{Cite news |last=Cawood |first=Neil |date=October 7, 1986 |title=Beavers have their own problems |page=3D |work=Eugene Register-Guard |location=(Oregon) |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=m9wzAAAAIBAJ&pg=6839%2C1690968}}</ref><ref name="SI111786ASU">{{Cite magazine |last=Reilly |first=Rick |author-link=Rick Reilly |date=November 17, 1986 |title=Coming out of the desert darkness with the Sun Devils |url=https://www.si.com/vault/1986/11/17/114386/coming-out-of-the-desert-darkness-with-the-sun-devils-arizona-state-is-headed-for-the-rose-bowl-where-for-a-change-the-team-will-play-in-daylight-and-receive-some-long-overdue-recognition |magazine=Sports Illustrated |page=32}}</ref> He was notified that he would be released after the [[Big Game (football)|Big Game]], played in Berkeley. The Bears responded to the student section's pre-game chants of "Win one for the zipper" by beating the [[Gator Bowl]]-bound #16 [[1986 Stanford Cardinal football team|Cardinal]] 17–11, which gave Kapp a 3–2 record in the Big Game. He was carried off the field by his players,<ref name="fwllerg">{{Cite news |date=November 23, 1986 |title=Bears give Kapp a win for farewell |page=9C |work=Eugene Register-Guard |agency=Associated Press |location=(Oregon) |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=PglWAAAAIBAJ&pg=6920%2C6062079}}</ref> amid chanting from the student section, "We want Kapp!"
===General manager of the BC Lions===
In an effort to recapture their past glory, the [[BC Lions]] of the [[Canadian Football League]] (CFL) hired Kapp as the team's new general manager in [[1990 BC Lions season|1990]]. Kapp's tenure was marked by his tendency to recruit ex-NFL players such as [[Mark Gastineau]] whose best football days had passed. Kapp was fired eleven games into the Lions' schedule
===Sacramento Attack head coach===
In 1992, Kapp was named the head coach of the [[Arena Football League]]'s Los Angeles Wings,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lonnie White |date=March 6, 1992 |title=Joe Kapp to Coach New L.A. Team : Arena football: The sport attempts comeback in city. Club will play at Sports Arena. |work=Los Angeles Times |url=
===Personal life===
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====Health and death====
In February 2016, the ''San Jose Mercury News'' reported that Kapp was suffering from [[Alzheimer's disease]].<ref>{{Cite web |
==Head coaching record==
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[[Category:Canadian football quarterbacks]]
[[Category:College Football Hall of Fame inductees]]
[[Category:Deaths from Alzheimer's disease in California]]
[[Category:Deaths from dementia in California]]
[[Category:Florida Bobcats coaches]]
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[[Category:William S. Hart High School alumni]]
[[Category:Players of American football from Santa Clarita, California]]
[[Category:20th-century American sportsmen]]
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