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{{short description|French swimmer (1989–2015)}}▼
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
▲{{short description|French swimmer}}
{{EngvarB|date=January 2020}}
{{Infobox swimmer
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'''Camille Muffat''' ({{IPA-|fr|ka.mij myfa}}; 28 October 1989 – 9 March 2015) was a French [[Swimming (sport)|swimmer]] and three-time [[Summer Olympic Games|Olympic]] [[Olympic medal|medalist]].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200417062848/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/mu/camille-muffat-1.html Muffat's entry] from sports-reference.com.</ref> Swimming for the [[Olympic Nice Natation]] club, she specialised in the individual medley and the free style events. Her career ran from 2005 to 2014.
 
At the [[2012 Summer Olympics]] in [[London]], she won gold in the [[Swimming at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 400 metre freestyle|400-metre freestyle]], silver in the [[Swimming at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metre freestyle|200-metre freestyle]] and bronze in the [[Swimming at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay|4×200-metre freestyle relay]]. In so doing, she becamebecoming the fourth French swimmer to win an individual Olympic gold medal at the Olympic Games. She was also the third French athlete overall to win three Olympic medals at a single edition of the Olympic Games.
 
She died in the [[Villa Castelli helicopter collision|Villa Castelli mid-air helicopter collision]], at age 25, during the filming of French TV [[reality show]] ''[[Dropped (TV series)|Dropped]]'' for the [[TF1]] network.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/southamerica/argentina/11460541/French-Olympians-filming-reality-TV-survival-show-killed-in-helicopter-crash-in-Argentina.html|title=French Olympians filming reality TV survival show killed in helicopter crash in Argentina|date=10 March 2015|work=Telegraph.co.uk}}</ref>
 
==Early life==
Born on 28 October 1989 in [[Nice, France|Nice]], ''Camille Marie Manuella Muffat'' <ref name="fullname">{{cite web |title=Decree issued by the French Government on December 31st, 2012 which cites full name|url=http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000026871336|publisher=[[Journal officiel de la République française]] (legifrance.gouv.fr)|access-date=7 September 2015|year=2012}}</ref> was the middle child in the family, having an older sister, Chloé, and a younger brother, Quentin. Her father, Guy Muffat was a physical therapist and her mother, Laurence, was a nurse.<ref name="family">{{cite web |title=Article references siblings and parents (7th paragraph) and career choices (8th paragraph), in French|url=http://www.liberation.fr/sports/2013/07/25/camille-muffat-bien-dans-sa-ligne_920815|publisher=[[Libération]] (liberation.fr)|access-date=7 September 2015|year=2013}}</ref>
 
Upon finishing high school, she pursued a degree in economics, during which time she swam under a [[Sports Studies in France|high-performance athlete studying system]]. She eventually dropped out of school in order to pursue her swimming career.<ref name="family" />
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===2005–2007===
Muffat first came into the spotlight in 2005, upon beating fellow Frenchwoman [[Laure Manaudou]] in the 200-metre individual medley event at the French National Championship, in Nancy, also breaking the French national record, which Manaudou alsohad held.
 
Only months later, she would again win the 200-metre individual medley event at the European Junior Championships, held in Budapest, Hungary. At the European Juniors, she would also take silver in the 100-metre freestyle.
 
In 2006, she debuted in the senior [[2006 European Swimming Championships|European Championships]] by swimming a leg of the 4 × 100 metres freestyle relay for France. A month later, she won four medals, including one gold, at that year's [[2006 WorldFINA JuniorYouth World Swimming Championships|World Junior Championships]], in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In December 2006, she attained her first international podium, at the [[2006 European Short Course Swimming Championships|European Short Course Championships]] in Helsinki, Finland.
 
In 2007, for the first time Muffat took part in a [[Swimming at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 400 metre individual medley|World Championship]], held in Melbourne, Australia, reaching semifinals in the 400&nbsp;m medley. At the end of the year, she had her first victory in senior competitions, by winning the 200-metre individual medley and taking bronze in the 400-metre individual medley event at the [[2007 European Short Course Swimming Championships]] in Debrecen, Hungary.
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At the 2010 French Championship, in Saint-Raphäel, she wins both the 200 m individual medley event and the 400 m individual medley event, finishing second to Coralie Balmy in the 200 m freestyle event. At the [[2008 European Aquatics Championships|European Championships]] in Budapest, Muffat arrived as the favourite to take gold at the 200&nbsp;m individual medley, declaring to the press that the gold medal is her objective in that event. However, after leading the field into the third discipline of the medley, the breaststroke, she was overtaken by Hungarian [[Katinka Hosszú]], causing Muffat to lose momentum and finish fourth in the event. On the same day, the French 4 × 200 m freestyle relay team also finishes second in the final when Muffat, who was anchoring the French relay, got overtaken by another Hungarian swimmer, [[Evelyn Verrasztó]]. Two days later, she would also finish 4th in the 200 m freestyle event, which was won by Italian swimmer [[Federica Pellegrini]].
 
Following her disappointing results, her coach, Fabrice Pellerin, urges Muffat to make a choice between the medley events and the freestyle events.<ref>[http://www.sports.fr/natation/articles/camille-muffat-valide-]{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} from sports.fr</ref> Choosing the latter, Muffat improved her results in freestyle swimming, taking first place in all distances (50&nbsp;m, 100&nbsp;m, 200&nbsp;m and 400&nbsp;m) at the following French Championships, at Chartre, where she also broke the French record in the 100&nbsp;m freestyle event.
 
A month later, at the [[2010 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m)|2010 World Short Course Championships]] in Dubai, Muffat would take her first world title, by winning the 200&nbsp;m freestyle event, defeating [[Katie Hoff]] of the United States and [[Kylie Palmer]] of Australia. Swimming with the French 4 × 200 m freestyle relay, she also took a bronze medal from the event.
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In March 2012, at the French Championships in Dunkerque, Muffat won the 400&nbsp;m freestyle event by breaking Laure Manaudou's French record, established in 2006. Her time of 4:01:13 was the world's fastest of the year at the time, and earned her a berth in that year's Olympic Games. Two days later, Muffat would also win the 200&nbsp;m freestyle event, breaking her own French record with a time of 1:54:87, thus qualifying for that event as well at the Olympic Games in London.
 
Muffat qualified to enter three events at the [[2012 Summer Olympics]] in London. She won the gold medal in the [[Swimming at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 400 metre freestyle|400 m freestyle]] with a new Olympic record,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cbssports.com/olympics/blog/eye-on-olympics/19682586/another-swimming-record-falls-camille-muffat-wins-gold-in-the-400-free |title=More swim records fall: Muffat in 400 free; van der Burgh in 100 breaststroke |author=Matt Norlander | publisherwork=CBS Sports |date=29 July 2012}}</ref> as well as the silver medal in the [[Swimming at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metre freestyle|200 m freestyle]] event. Also, her [[Swimming at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay|4 × 200 m freestyle]] team won the bronze medal in a time of 7:47.49. [Camille Muffat (1:55.51); [[Charlotte Bonnet]] (1:57.78); [[Ophélie-Cyrielle Étienne]] (1:58.05); [[Coralie Balmy]] (1:56.15)]. She thus equalled [[Laure Manaudou]]'s [[France at the 2004 Summer Olympics|2004 Olympics]] achievement of one gold, one silver and one bronze, and also became only the third Frenchwoman after [[Micheline Ostermeyer]] and Manaudou to win three medals in a single summer or winter Olympic Games.
 
In April 2013, at the French Championships in Rennes, she won the 400&nbsp;m freestyle event for a third consecutive time, while also winning the 100&nbsp;m and 200&nbsp;m freestyle events, which qualified her for all three events at the [[2013 World Aquatics Championships|2013 World Championships]] in Barcelona, Spain.
 
Her performance at the 2013 World Championships, however, were below expectations,<ref name="perform2013">{{cite web |title=Muffat's performance at the 2013 World AcquaticsAquatics Championship falls short of expectations|url=http://www.eurosport.fr/natation/championnats-du-monde/2013/mondiaux-de-barcelone-camille-muffat-connait-un-echec-cinglant-sur-400-metres_sto3861656/story.shtml|publisher=Eurosport (eurosport.fr)|access-date=7 September 2015|year=2013}}</ref> with Muffat taking home the bronze medals, in the [[Swimming at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 200 metre freestyle|200&nbsp;m]] freestyle and the [[Swimming at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay|4 × 200 m freestyle relay]]. In her signature [[Swimming at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 400 metre freestyle|400&nbsp;m]] freestyle event, however, she finished a disappointing seventh in the final.
 
After the World Championships, Muffat decided to cut down on her training routine temporarily, and took a gold, a silver and a bronze at the 2013 French Short Course Championships in Dijon. At that year's [[2013 European Short Course Swimming Championships|European Championships]], however, she failed to qualify for the 200&nbsp;m freestyle final, and finished fifth in the 400&nbsp;m.
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At the 2014 French Championships in Chartres, a qualifying event for the 2014 European Championships, Muffat won four titles, taking gold in the 100&nbsp;m, 200&nbsp;m and 400&nbsp;m freestyle, as well as in the 100&nbsp;m butterfly. She also took silver in the 50&nbsp;m freestyle.
 
However, on 12 July 2014, before the European Championships, she announced her retirement from competitive swimming at age 24, during an interview to the French newspaper, ''[[L'Équipe]]''.<ref>[http://www.swimmingworldmagazine.com/news/olympic-champion-camille-muffat-announces-retirement/ Olympic Champion Camille Muffat Announces Retirement]</ref>
 
==Death==
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Muffat's agent, Sophie Kamoun, refused to disclose details concerning the income earned by Muffat in [[Celebrity branding|commercial endorsements]]. The French newspaper [[Le Figaro]] estimated that for the year 2013, it should be close to €500,000.<ref>[http://sport24.lefigaro.fr/natation/actualites/le-jackpot-des-champions-olympiques-644011] from lefigaro.fr, on 26 July 2013</ref>
 
She signed a sponsorship deal with [[Électricité de France]] ahead of the 2012 Olympic Games, and the French Olympic Committee also pays money prizes for athletes earning medals at the games.<ref>[http://lexpansion.lexpress.fr/actualite-economique/jo-2012-combien-rapporte-une-medaille-olympique_1383899.html] from sur lexpansion.lexpress.fr, on 1 August 2012</ref>
 
On 1 January 2013, Muffat was made a Knight (Chevalier) of the ''[[Legion of Honour|Légion d'honneur]]''.<ref>[http://www.nicematin.com/derniere-minute/legion-dhonneur-aschieri-muffat-et-agnel-dans-la-promo-du-1er-janvier.1099542.html Légion d'Honneur: Aschieri, Muffat et Agnel dans la promo du 1er janvier] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927144042/http://www.nicematin.com/derniere-minute/legion-dhonneur-aschieri-muffat-et-agnel-dans-la-promo-du-1er-janvier.1099542.html |date=27 September 2013 }} – nicematin.com</ref>
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* [[World record progression 400 metres freestyle]]
* [[World record progression 800 metres freestyle]]
*[[List of European Short Course Swimming Championships medalists (women)]]
 
== References ==
{{Commons category|Camille Muffat}}▼
{{Reflist}}
 
==External links==
▲{{Commons category|Camille Muffat}}
* {{World Aquatics}}
* {{ISHOF}}
* {{Olympedia}}
* {{Olympics.com}}
* {{Team France}}
* {{CNOSF profile}}
 
{{s-start}}
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[[Category:1989 births]]
[[Category:2015 deaths]]
[[Category:French female freestyle swimmers]]
[[Category:FemaleFrench freestylefemale medley swimmers]]
[[Category:Female medley swimmers]]
[[Category:Swimmers at the 2008 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Swimmers at the 2012 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Olympic swimmers offor France]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Olympic bronze medalists in swimming]]
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[[Category:Victims of helicopter accidents or incidents]]
[[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Argentina]]
[[Category:FilmedVictims accidentalof deathsmid-air collisions]]
[[Category:ChevaliersKnights of the LégionLegion d'honneurof Honour]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Nice]]
[[Category:World Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming]]
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[[Category:Mediterranean Games medalists in swimming]]
[[Category:Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 2015]]
[[Category:21st-century French sportswomen]]
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