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Kostandin Kristoforidhi: Difference between revisions

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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
| honorific-suffix = {{post nominals|size=100|country=ALB|list=[[Honor of Nation Order|HNONK]]}}
| name = Kostandin Kristoforidhi
| image = Kostandin Kristoforidhi (portret).jpg
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==Life==
[[File:NT alb Kristoforidhi.jpg|thumb|120px|left|Kostandin Kristoforidhi's New Testament in the Gheg dialect]]
He was born in [[Elbasan]] and from 1847 studied at the [[Zosimea]] Greek college in [[Ioannina|Yanya]] (modern Ioannina), where he became friends with [[Johann Georg von Hahn]] by helping him learn [[Albanian language|Albanian]] and write a German-Albanian [[dictionary]].<ref name="Gawrych2021">{{harvnb|Gawrych|2006|pp=20–21.}}</ref><ref name="Elsie2012">{{cite book|author=Robert Elsie|title=A Biographical Dictionary of Albanian History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pgf6GWJxuZgC&pg=PA257|access-date=7 January 2013|date=24 December 2012|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1-78076-431-3|page=257}}</ref> In 1856 or 1857 he joined a Protestant church in Izmir after his conversion to Protestantism, thus becoming the first known Albanian Protestant.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=1857|title=Smyrna Station|journal=The Gospel in Turkey: Being the Third Annual Report of the Turkish Missions-Aid Society|pages=20–21}}</ref>
 
He went to [[Istanbul]] in 1857, and drafted a ''Memorandum for the Albanian language''. He stayed in [[Malta]] until 1860 in a [[Protestant]] [[seminary]], finishing the translation of ''[[The New Testament]]'' in the [[Tosk]] and [[Gheg]] dialects. He was helped by Nikolla Serreqi from [[Shkodër]] with the [[Gheg]] version of the Testament. Nikolla Serreqi was also the proponent for the use of the Latin alphabet, which had already been used by the early writers of the Albanian literature and Kristoforidhi embraced the idea of a Latin alphabet.<ref>Lloshi pp.14–15</ref>
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Kristoforidhi became a member of the [[Central Committee for Defending Albanian Rights]] (founded 1877) which was a group of Albanian intelligentsia based in Istanbul advocating for the territorial integrity and unity of Albanian inhabited areas in the Ottoman Empire.<ref name="Gawrych44">{{harvnb|Gawrych|2006|p=44.}}</ref> During the [[Great Eastern Crisis]], Kristoforidhi criticized some [[League of Prizren]] notables and viewed their actions as being based on self interest, preservation of the sultan's power and "Muslim dominance" instead of the national interest.<ref name="Gawrych69">{{harvnb|Gawrych|2006|p=69.}}</ref>
 
He viewed the development of the Albanian language as important for the preservation of the Albanian people and devoted much of his lifetime toward studying and recording the language by traveling throughout Albania to collect material.<ref name="Gawrych20">{{harvnb|Gawrych|2006|p=20.}}</ref> The result of those endeavours was his most important work, ''The Dictionary of the Albanian Language'' ({{lang-grlangx|el|[[Λεξικόν της Αλβανικής Γλώσσης]]}}) – ({{lang-langx|sq|[[Fjalori i Gjuhës Shqipe]]}}), was published<ref name="Skendi122123">{{cite book|last=Skendi|first=Stavro|title=The Albanian national awakening|year=1967|location=Princeton|publisher=Princeton University Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8QPWCgAAQBAJ&q=Konstandin+Kristoforidhi&pg=PR15|isbn=9781400847761|pages=122–123}}</ref><ref name="Gawrych20130">{{cite book|last=Gawrych|first=George|title=The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874–1913|year=2006|location=London|publisher=IB Tauris|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wPOtzk-unJgC&q=Kristoforidhi|isbn=9781845112875|pages=20, 130}}</ref> in [[Athens]], [[Greece]], in 1904, 25 years after it had been drafted by Kristoforidhi and after his death. It was written in Greek.<ref>Lloshi p. 9.</ref>
 
He knew Albanian (Tosk and Gheg dialects), Greek, Latin, Hebrew, English, Italian, Turkish, Bulgarian, Arabic, French and German.{{cn|date=January 2023}}
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[[Category:1826 births]]
[[Category:1895 deaths]]
[[Category:Albanian writers]]
[[Category:Albanian translators]]
[[Category:Translators of the Bible into Albanian]]
[[Category:Zosimaia School alumni]]
[[Category:19th-century Albanian translators]]
[[Category:19th-century Albanian people]]
[[Category:People from Elbasan]]
[[Category:People from Manastir vilayet]]
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