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Line 1: {{~~About~~Short description\|~~the~~ Polish ~~SAM\|the Soviet~~man-portable air-~~to-surface~~defense ~~missile\|Kh-23~~system}} {{About\|the Polish SAM\|the Soviet air-to-surface missile\|Kh-23\|other missles\|Grom (disambiguation)}} {{Infobox weapon \| name = Grom Line 10 ⟶ 11: \| is_UK = <!-- Service history --> \| service = 1995–present \| used_by = See [[~~Grom (missile)~~#Operators\|Operators]] \| wars = [[Second Chechen War]]<br />[[Russo-Georgian War]]<br />[[War in Donbas (2014–2022)\|War in Donbass]] <!-- Production history -->\| designer = [[Military Institute of Armament Technology]], WAT [[Military University of Technology]], Skarżysko Rocket Design Bureau Line 53 ⟶ 54: }} ~~The~~ '''PZR ''Grom''''' (Grom, meaning "thunder" in [[Polish language\|Polish]]) is a [[man-portable air-defense system]] produced in Poland and based on the Soviet man-portable infrared homing surface-to-air missile (SAM) [[9K38 Igla]]. It consists of a 72 mm [[Surface-to-air missile\|anti-aircraft missile]] set with a flight speed of 650 [[metre per second\|m/s]], as well as a single-use launcher, re-usable [[Stock (firearm)\|gripstock]] and thermal battery coolant assembly electric unit. The full name of the system is '''~~PZR~~Przeciwlotniczy Zestaw Rakietowy ~~Grom~~''Grom'~~, PZR standing for~~ ''~~Przeciwlotniczy Zestaw Rakietowy~~'' (literally, anti-air rocket-propelled set). It is designed to target low-flying helicopters and aeroplanes. As such, the Grom missile is used by other surface-to-air defence systems of Polish design, including [[ZSU-23-4MP Biała]], [[ZU-23-2\|ZUR-23-2 kg]] and [[Poprad (self-propelled anti-aircraft missile system)\|Poprad]] self-propelled artillery system. It should not be confused with versions of the Zvezda [[Kh-23]] air-to-surface missile built under licence in Yugoslavia/Serbia as the Grom-A and Grom-B. Line 63 ⟶ 64: Initially at least since the 1970s the MESKO metal works in [[Skarżysko-Kamienna]] mass-produced license-built Soviet [[Strela 2\|Strela-2M]] (SA-7 Grail) [[surface-to-air missile]]s, designated in Poland as Strzała-2M. However, when these became outdated in the late 1980s the lead designers prepared the works to produce a more modern Soviet design, the [[9K38 Igla]] (SA-18 Grouse). However, Poland left the Soviet bloc in 1990 and the license was declined, thus leaving Poland with no modern [[MANPADS]] at hand. Because of that, in late 1992 various Polish works and design bureaus (among them the [[Zielonka]]-based [[Military Institute of Armament Technology]], the WAT [[Military University of Technology]] and the Skarżysko Rocket Design Bureau) started working on a new Igla-like design. These were allegedly helped by the [[Polish intelligence]] services able to buy the design plans of the original [[9K38 Igla]] missile system in the [[LOMO]] works in [[Leningrad]] (modern [[St. Petersburg]]) during the turmoil following the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]].<ref name="GW">{{cite journal \| author =jagor, [[Polish Press Agency\|PAP]] \| date =August 2009 \| title =Polska broń w służbie gruzińskiej armii \| journal =[[Gazeta Wyborcza]] \| issue =2009–08–10 \| url =http://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/Wiadomosci/1,80277,6911324,Polska_bron_w_sluzbie_gruzinskiej_armii.html \| language =pl \| access-date =2009-08-10 \| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20090813090654/http://wiadomosci.gazeta.pl/Wiadomosci/1,80277,6911324,Polska_bron_w_sluzbie_gruzinskiej_armii.html \| archive-date =2009-08-13 }}</ref> By 1995 the first batch (marked as GROM-1) entered service. It included a number of imported Russian components. By the late 1990s these were replaced with entirely Poland-designed elements. On January 1, 2013, Bumar Amunicja manufactured their 2,000th Grom missile set.<ref name=":0">[http://www.armyrecognition.com/january_2013_army_military_defense_industry_news/polish_company_bumar_amunicja_manufactured_2000th_grom_anti-aicraft_missile_set_0101133.html 2,000th Grom missile set] {{Webarchive\|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130103213037/http://www.armyrecognition.com/january_2013_army_military_defense_industry_news/polish_company_bumar_amunicja_manufactured_2000th_grom_anti-aicraft_missile_set_0101133.html \|date=2013-01-03 }} - Armyrecognition.com, January 1, 2013</ref> Line 88 ⟶ 89: * {{flag\|Georgia}} – 30 launchers and 100+ missiles, were used in [[Russo-Georgian war]].<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://geo-army.ge/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=33&Itemid=9&lang=en \|title=Grom (missile) \|access-date=2013-01-12 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131012013045/http://www.geo-army.ge/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=33&Itemid=9&lang=en \|archive-date=2013-10-12 \|website=Geo-Army}}</ref> * {{flag\|Indonesia}} – In use as a part of Aster system.<ref name=ntw>{{cite magazine \|last=Kiński \|first=Andrzej \|date=2008 \|title=Kobra wychodzi z cienia \|trans-title= Cobra comes out from a shadow\|url= \|language= pl\|magazine=Nowa Technika Wojskowa\|issue=1/2008 \|pages=16–17 \|location=Warsaw \|publisher= Magnum-X}}</ref> * {{flag\|Lithuania}} – ~~First~~18 launchers bought in 2014, in 2023 another batch worth around $20 million was bought.<ref>{{cite ~~name~~web \|title="UNROCA (United Nations Register of Conventional Arms) \|url=https:0"//www.unroca.org/lithuania/report/2015/ \|website=www.unroca.org \|access-date=17 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="delfi">{{cite news \|url=http://en.delfi.lt/lithuania/defence/lithuania-signs-contract-on-purchase-of-grom-air-defense-system.d?id=65732128 \|title=Lithuania signs contract on purchase of GROM air-defense system \|publisher=Delfi \|date=3 September 2014 \|access-date=2014-09-03 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141030164645/http://en.delfi.lt/lithuania/defence/lithuania-signs-contract-on-purchase-of-grom-air-defense-system.d?id=65732128 \|archive-date=30 October 2014 \|url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web \|url=http://www.defence24.pl/news_polskie-rakiety-grom-trafia-na-litwe \|title=Polskie rakiety Grom trafią na Litwę \| DEFENCE24 \|access-date=2017-08-20 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305010324/http://www.defence24.pl/news_polskie-rakiety-grom-trafia-na-litwe \|archive-date=2016-03-05 }}</ref> {{flag\|Poland}} – Around 400 launchers and 2000 missiles of Grom version, 400 missiles of Piorun version, 420 launchers and 1300 missiles of Piorun version on order.<ref>{{Cite web \|url=http://www.polska-zbrojna.pl/home/articleshow/12516?t=Pioruny-zastapia-Gromy%2F \|title=Pioruny zastąpią Gromy \|access-date=2019-07-01 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170827170814/http://www.polska-zbrojna.pl/home/articleshow/12516?t=Pioruny-zastapia-Gromy%2F \|archive-date=2017-08-27 \|url-status=live }}</ref> ===Evaluation only=== * {{flag\|Japan}} – One launcher and five missiles, bought in 2010 for testing.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> * {{flag\|Russia}} – Captured unknown quantity of launchers in Georgia (One launcher was sent to the separatists in Ukraine).<ref name="defence24.pl">{{Cite web \|url=http://www.defence24.pl/88234,polski-system-przeciwlotniczy-grom-znaleziony-na-wschodniej-ukrainie \|title=Polski system przeciwlotniczy Grom znaleziony na wschodniej Ukrainie \| Defence24 \|date=19 May 2014 \|access-date=2017-07-26 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170821005148/http://www.defence24.pl/88234,polski-system-przeciwlotniczy-grom-znaleziony-na-wschodniej-ukrainie \|archive-date=2017-08-21 }}</ref> * {{Flag\|United States}} – purchased 120 missiles.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=Przemiana Loary w polskiego Pancyra [OPINIA] - Defence24\|url=https://www.defence24.pl/przemiana-loary-w-polskiego-pancyra-opinia\|access-date=2021-06-09\|website=www.defence24.pl\|date=6 December 2018 }}</ref> ==See also== * [[{{lwc\|Anza (missile)]]}} * [[{{lwc\|Misagh-2]]}} * [[{{lwc\|Qaem#Qaem ground to air missile\|Qaem]]}} * [[{{lwc\|FIM-92 Stinger]]}} * [[{{lwc\|Mistral (missile)]]\|Mistral}} * [[{{lwc\|Starstreak ~~missile]]~~}} * [[{{lwc\|9K38 Igla]]}} * [[{{lwc\|RBS 70]]}} * [[{{lwc\|QW-1 ~~Vanguard~~missile#QW-3\|QW-3]]}} ==References== Line 114 ⟶ 115: * [http://www.armyrecognition.com/polish_missile_vehicles_systems_weapons_poland_uk/grom_manpads_man-portable_air_defense_missile_system_technical_data_sheet_specifications_pictures.html GROM MAn-Portable Air-Defense missile System MANPADS on armyrecognition.com] {{DEFAULTSORT:Grom, ~~(Missile)~~PPZR}} [[Category:Guided missiles of Poland]] [[Category:20th-century surface-to-air missiles]]