Australian ten-dollar note: Difference between revisions

Content deleted Content added
Corrected colouration error
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit
m Paper note: Spaces
 
(39 intermediate revisions by 29 users not shown)
Line 1:
{{short description|Current denomination of Australian currency}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2013}}
{{Use Australian English|date=December 2013}}
Line 7 ⟶ 8:
| unit = [[Australian dollars]]
| width_mm = 137
| height_mm = 65cfs65
| security_features = Window, [[Watermark]]
| paper_type = [[Polymer]]
| years_of_printing = 1993–94, 1996–98, 2002–03, 2006–2008, 2012–2013, 2015, 2017 <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://banknotes.rba.gov.au/resources/for-collectors/serial-numbers|title = Serial Numbers}}</ref>
| obverse = 2017 Australian ten dollar note obverse.jpg
| obverse_design = [[Banjo Paterson|Andrew Barton (Banjo) Paterson]]
Line 16 ⟶ 17:
| obverse_design_date = 20 September 2017
| reverse = 2017 Australian ten dollar note reverse.jpg
| reverse_design = [[Dame Mary Gilmore]]
| reverse_designer = emerystudios
| reverse_design_date = 20 September 2017
}}
The '''Australian ten-dollar note''' was one of the four original decimal banknotes excluding the [[Australian five-dollar note]], was issued when the currency was changed from the [[Australian pound]] to the [[Australian dollar]] on 14 February 1966;. itIt replaced the £5[[Australian five-pound note]], which hadincluded similarthe redish, blueish, blackish,same greenishblue colouration. There have been four different issues of this denomination,: a paper banknote,; a commemorative hipolymerhi-polymer note, to celebrate the bicentennial of Australian settlement (the first polymer banknote of its kind),; the 1993-20171993–2017 polymer note,; and from September 2017 a polymer note featuring a transparent window.
 
According to [[Reserve Bank of Australia]] statistics, as atIn June 2017, there were 128 million $10 notes in circulation, with a net value of $1.284280 billion.<ref name=rba-stats-100/> This was 2% of the cash value of all banknotes in circulation, and 8% of the number of all banknotes in circulation.<ref name=rba-stats-100>{{cite web |title=DISTRIBUTION-CIRCULATION AND PRODUCTION STATISTICS, AS AT END JUNE 2017 |url=http://banknotes.rba.gov.au/production-and-distribution/distribution/ |website=banknotes.rba.gov.au |publisher=Reserve Bank of Australia |accessdate=20 December 2017}}</ref>
 
Since the start of issue of $10 notes, there have been eleven signature combinations, of which the 1967 issue is the most valued. It was issued for one year only, along with the [[H. C. Coombs|Coombs]]/[[Roland Wilson (economist)|Wilson]] issue of 1966.
 
Following the issue of a new $5 note in September 2016, the RBA revealed the design for the new $10 note, andwhich was issued on the 20th ofin September, 2017.<ref>[http://www.rba.gov.au/media-releases/2017/mr-17-04.html Next Generation of Banknotes: $10 Design Reveal] [[Reserve Bank of Australia]] (www.rba.gov.au). February 17, 2017. Retrieved on 2017-02-18.</ref>
 
==Printing==
From 1966–19741966 to 1974, the main title identifying the countryAustralia was ''Commonwealth of Australia'';. thereThere were 470,000,000 notes issued in this period. This was subsequently changed to ''Australia'' until the end of issue of paper currency for this denomination in 1993, with 1,265,959,091 of these notes being printed. In the 1988 polymer issue, 17,500,000 banknotes were printed and was the new Australia's 10 -dollar note.
 
==Design==
;Paper note
 
;=== Paper note ===
The people depicted on the paper note issue wereare architect [[Francis Greenway]], previously a convicted forger, on the obverse along with public buildingbuildings he helped construct, and [[Henry Lawson]] on the reverse with his poetry and scenes of the outback gold -mining town of [[Gulgong, New South Wales|Gulgong]] in the 19th century, including the Times Bakery.<ref>[http://www.rba.gov.au/Museum/Displays/1960_1988_rba_and_reform_of_the_currency/australias_first_decimal_currency_notes.html Australia's first decimal currency notes] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050822211554/http://www.rba.gov.au/Museum/Displays/1960_1988_rba_and_reform_of_the_currency/australias_first_decimal_currency_notes.html |date=22 August 2005 }} retrieved 20 January 2008</ref>
 
{|
Line 41 ⟶ 42:
|[[File:Australian $10 note paper back.jpg|left|thumb|220px|[[Henry Lawson]] ]]
|}
;=== Polymer note ===
 
The polymer note, designed by Max Robinson, features [[Banjo Paterson|Andrew Barton (Banjo) Paterson]] on the obverse, with a horse from the [[Snowy Mountains]] region, and a [[acacia|wattle]] plant, also included isand his signature. His poetry is in the background. Dame [[Mary Gilmore]] is on the reverse, with 19th-century heavy transport with horse anda [[cartBullocky|bullock train]] and verses from her poetry. Her signature is included. A [[windmill]] is in the clear window with the raised wavy lines.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://banknotes.rba.gov.au/australias-banknotes/banknotes-in-circulation/ten-dollar/|title = $10 Banknote}}</ref> The $10 note of 2017 retains the themes of the original, with this issue featuring the Bramble Wattle (''Acacia victoriae'') and the Sulphur-crested Cockatoo (''Cacatua galerita'').<ref>[http://banknotes.rba.gov.au/australias-banknotes/next-generation-banknotes-program/ NEXT GENERATION BANKNOTE PROGRAM] [[Reserve Bank of Australia]] (www.rba.gov.au). Retrieved on 2017-02-18.</ref>
;Polymer note
The polymer note, designed by Max Robinson, features [[Banjo Paterson|Andrew Barton (Banjo) Paterson]] on the obverse with a horse from the [[Snowy Mountains]] region, and a [[acacia|wattle]] plant, also included is his signature. His poetry is in the background. Dame [[Mary Gilmore]] is on the reverse with 19th-century heavy transport with horse and [[cart]] and verses from her poetry. Her signature is included. A [[windmill]] is in the clear window with the raised wavy lines.<ref>http://banknotes.rba.gov.au/australias-banknotes/banknotes-in-circulation/ten-dollar/</ref> The $10 note of 2017 retains the themes of the original, with this issue featuring the Bramble Wattle (''Acacia victoriae'') and the Sulphur-crested Cockatoo (''Cacatua galerita'').<ref>[http://banknotes.rba.gov.au/australias-banknotes/next-generation-banknotes-program/ NEXT GENERATION BANKNOTE PROGRAM] [[Reserve Bank of Australia]] (www.rba.gov.au). Retrieved on 2017-02-18.</ref>
 
{|
|-
|[[File:Australian $10 polymer front.jpg|thumb|left|220px|1993-20171993–2017 polymer note—obversenote (obverse)]]
|[[File:Australian $10 polymer back.jpg|thumb|left|220px|1993-20171993–2017 polymer note—reversenote (reverse)]]
|}
 
;=== 1988 Commemorative note ===
ObverseThe obverse design included the sailing ship [[HMS Supply (1759)|HMS ''Supply'']] anchored at [[Sydney Cove]], with the early colony in the background. Above are people who symbolise all who have contributed to Australia, from left the early settlers toon rightthe left, to the modern working man on the right.
 
The reverse design reflects the [[Australian Aboriginal culture]] and [[Aboriginal Australians|peoples]]. The main picture is an Aboriginal youth with [[Aboriginal ceremony|ceremonial]] paint by Wayne Williams, with a [[Morning Star Pole]] by Terry Yumbulul, other Aboriginal artworks commissioned by the Bank, and a human-like figure from [[Dreamtime]] mythology.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://museum.rba.gov.au/exhibitions/pocket-guides/the-reinvention-of-banknotes/the-reinvention-of-banknotes.html |title=The Reinvention of Banknotes |access-date=2021-07-25 |website=Reserve Bank of Australia}}</ref> Yumbulul was criticised from within the Aboriginal community for permitting the reproduction of the pole by the bank and sued the Reserve Bank for breach of copyright. The bank had commissioned an agent to obtain approval, and Yumbulul claimed the agent had misled and deceived him.<ref name="Yumbulul 1991 FCA 332"/><ref name=nswed3/>
Obverse design included the sailing ship [[HMS Supply (1759)|HMS ''Supply'']] anchored at [[Sydney Cove]] with the early colony in the background. Above are people who symbolise all who have contributed to Australia, from left the early settlers to right the modern working man.
 
A Morning Star Pole is culturally significant to the [[Galpu]] clan and Yumbulul's right to make the pole came with an obligation to "ensure that it is not used or reproduced in a way that offends against their perceptions of its significance".<ref name="Yumbulul 1991 FCA 332">{{cite AustLII|FCA|332|1991|litigants=Yumbulul v Reserve Bank of Australia |date=25 July 1991 |courtname=[[Federal Court of Australia|Federal Court]]}}.</ref><ref name=nswed3>{{cite web | title=Case study 3: Terry Yumbulul and the ten-dollar note | website=NSW Educational Standards Authority | url=https://ab-ed.nesa.nsw.edu.au/go/aboriginal-art/protecting-australian-indigenous-art/case-studies-of-copying-and-appropriation/case-study-3-terry-yumbulul-and-the-ten-dollar-note | access-date=23 July 2021| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210302163156/https://ab-ed.nesa.nsw.edu.au/go/aboriginal-art/protecting-australian-indigenous-art/case-studies-of-copying-and-appropriation/case-study-3-terry-yumbulul-and-the-ten-dollar-note| archive-date=2 March 2021| url-status=live}}</ref> The Reserve Bank settled the case against it. The claim against the agent went to trial. Justice [[Robert French]] held that the copyright had been validly assigned and that, while Yumbulul may not have fully appreciated the implications of what he was doing in terms of his own cultural obligations, the agent had not engaged in misleading or deceptive conduct.<ref name="Yumbulul 1991 FCA 332"/><ref name=nswed3/>
Reverse includes portraits of the [[Australian aboriginal|aboriginal]] population, the main picture is a native youth with ceremonial paint, and in the background is a [[Morning Star Pole]], other ''Aboriginal artworks commissioned by the Bank'' and a human like figure from [[Dreamtime]].<ref>
[http://www.rba.gov.au/Museum/Displays/1988_onwards_polymer_currency_notes/first_polymer.html#top First polymer note] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060819142517/http://www.rba.gov.au/Museum/Displays/1988_onwards_polymer_currency_notes/first_polymer.html#top |date=19 August 2006 }} retrieved 24 August 2006</ref>
 
{|
|-
|[[File:Australian $10 note commemorative front.jpg|thumb|left|220px|1988 commemorative polymer note—obversenote (obverse)]]
|[[File:Australian $10 note commemorative back.jpg|thumb|left|220px|1988 commemorative polymer note—reversenote (reverse)]]
|}
 
Line 67:
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Australian Paper Ten Dollar Note Security Features.jpg|200px|thumb|The Watermark and Metallic Strip in the Ten Dollar Note]] -->
 
The paper design included a watermark in the white field of Captain [[James Cook]],. theThe watermark was also used in the last issue of pound banknotes. A metallic strip, first near the centre of the note, then from 1976 moved to the left side on the obverse of the note.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://banknotes.rba.gov.au/counterfeit-detection/security-features-overview|title = Security Features Overview}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://banknotes.rba.gov.au/banknote-features/|title = Banknote Features}}</ref>
 
The [[Polymerpolymer]] issue includes a shadow image of the coat of arms which is printed over. Embossing or a raised image is in the clear window of wavy lines. Also for this issue fluorescentFluorescent colouring was added to the serial numbers. A star with four points on the obverse and three on the reverse which join under light.
Raised print and micro printingmicroprinting of the poem [[The_Man_from_Snowy_River_The Man from Snowy River (poem)|''The Man from Snowy River'']] and the denomination value are included.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://banknotes.rba.gov.au/counterfeit-detection/security-features-overview|title = Security Features Overview}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://banknotes.rba.gov.au/banknote-features/|title = Banknote Features}}</ref>
ThisThe ''1988 Commemorative'' issue includes an [[optically variable device]] of Captain James Cook, who first mapped [[Botany Bay]].
''1988 Commemorative''
This issue includes an [[optically variable device]] of Captain James Cook, who first mapped [[Botany Bay]].
 
==References==