Rinchan: Difference between revisions

| name = Rinchan Shah

| successiontitle = Sadr'ud-Din Shah

| titlesuccession1 = [[List of monarchs of = [[SultanKashmir|Sultan]]Maharaja of [[Kashmir]]

| reignreign1 = 1320–132313 CENovember 1320 – December 1320

| regnal name = Sultan Sadr-ud-Din Shah

| religion = [[BuddhismSunni Islam]], {{small|(formerly [[IslamBuddhism]])}}

| death_date = 25 November 1323

'''Rinchan Shah''' was a ruler of ([[KashmirKashmiri language|Kashmiri]]: from 1320 to 1323. Originally said toرنژھن have been a Ladakhi Buddhistشاہ, he[[Persian convertedlanguage|Persian]]: toرِنچَن Islamشَاہ), becomingborn theas first'''Lhachen MuslimRinchan rulerBhoti''' ofand Kashmir.also Heknown wasby knownhis astitular Sultanname '''Sadr-'ud-Din after his conversion to Islam.Shah''',<ref>{{citation |last=Sufi |first=G. M. D. |title=Kashīr, being a history of Kashmīr from the earliest times to our own |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hc0BAAAAMAAJ |page=83 |year=1949 |publisher=Univ. of Panjab |page=83 |quote=Suffice it to say that Rinchan embraced Islam at the hands of Bulbul Shah and assumed the name of Sultan Sadr-ud-Din, and claims our attention as the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir. Muslim historians write his name Rinchan.}}</ref> was the founder and the first [[Sultan]] of the [[Kashmir Sultanate|Sultanate of Kashmir]] from 1320 to 1323. Originally said to have been a [[Ladakhis|Ladakhi]] [[Buddhism|Buddhist]], he converted to Islam, becoming the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/elections/lok-sabha-election-2024/origins-of-islam-in-kashmir-valleys-saga-of-conflict-in-search-of-identity/cid/2019237|title=Origins of Islam in Kashmir: Valley's saga of conflict in search of identity}}</ref>

Around 1313, an invader named "DuDa'l-Qadrlacha"—mentioned by Jonarajathe to15th century Kashmiri chronicler [[Jonaraja]] beas the commander of a ''Karmasena''{{Clarify|date=October 2024}}—invaded Kashmir with heavy cavalry.<ref name=":93">{{Cite book|last=Slaje|first=Walter|url=https://www.academia.edu/42710523/Kingship_in_Ka%C5%9Bm%C4%ABr_AD_1148_1459_From_the_Pen_of_Jonar%C4%81ja_Court_Pa%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Dit_to_Sul%E1%B9%AD%C4%81n_Zayn_al_%C4%80bid%C4%ABn_Critically_Edited_By_Walter_Slaje_With_an_Annotated_Translation_Indexes_and_Maps|title=Kingship in Kaśmīr (AD 1148‒1459) From the Pen of Jonarāja, Court Paṇḍit to Sulṭān Zayn al-‛Ābidīn'Ābidīn|publisher=|year=2014|isbn=3869770880978-3869770888|series=Studia Indologica Universitatis Halensis - 7|location=Germany|pages=77–91, 263–266}}</ref> [[Baharistan-i-shahi]] (''BIS''; anon.), a 17th century [[chronicle]] of Kashmir written by an anonymous author, notes him to be a Turko-Mongol raider; the name is given as "Zulchu".<ref name=":15">{{Cite book|last=Pandit|first=Kashinath|url=https://archive.org/details/AChronicleOfMedievalKashmirKashinathPandit|title=Baharistan-i-shahi: A chronicle of mediaeval Kashmir|publisher=Firma KLM Pvt. Ltd.|year=1991|location=Kolkata}}</ref>

Jonaraja notes that Suhadeva, the-then ruler of Kashmir to have had, received him with all honors; he sought to pay his way out of a conflict and levied new taxes on all subjects.<ref name=":93" /> This did not go down well with the Brahmins who threatened to fast until death, bringing Suhadeva's plans to an end and spurring the inevitable.<ref name=":93" />{{Efn|In Dharmashastra cannon, Brahmins are exempted from being levied with taxes.}} In contrast, ''BIS'' does not mention any negotiation — thenegotiation—the sole aim was said to be to massacre Kashmiris and gain wealth.<ref name=":15" />

Mir would later killimprison Haider along with [[Kota Rani]], establishing the [[Shah Mir dynasty]].<ref name=":93" />