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{{Short description|Management and rehabilitation of dental disease}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{One source|date=March 2017}}
{{globalize|article|United Kingdom|2name=the United Kingdom|date=December 2010}}
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'''Restorative dentistry''' is the study, diagnosis and integrated management of diseases of the teeth and their supporting structures and the rehabilitation of the dentition to functional and aesthetic requirements of the individual.
Restorative dentistry aims to treat the teeth and their supporting structures. Many conditions and their consequences may be assessed and treated by a restorative dentist. Environmental causes may include as [[Tooth decay|caries]] or [[Facial trauma|maxillofacial trauma]]. Developmental issues may lead to the restorative dentist treating [[hypodontia]], [[amelogenesis imperfecta]], [[dentogenesis imperfecta]] or [[Cleft lip and cleft palate|cleft palate]]. [[Multifactorial disease|Multifactorial]] conditions with an environmental and genetic basis such as [[Periodontal disease|periodontitis]], would be treated by restorative dentistry.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Hellwig |first1=Elmar |url=https://www.artofdentistry.com/what-is-cosmetic-dentistry/ |title=Introduction to tooth preservation. Examination knowledge cariology, endodontology and periodontology |last2=Klimek |first2=Joachim |last3=Attin |first3=Thomas |date=2013 |publisher=Deutscher Ärzte-Verlag GmbH |isbn=978-3-7691-3448-3 |language=de}}</ref> Restorative dentists are part of the [[multidisciplinary team]] managing head and neck [[oncology]] cases, both before treatment and helping to rehabilitate the patient after surgery and/or [[Radiation therapy|radiotherapy]].
In the UK, restorative dentistry is legally recognized as a specialty under [[Directive (European Union)|EU directive]] and the [[General Dental Council]] and is represented by several specialist societies including the [[British Society for Restorative Dentistry]] and the Association of Consultants & Specialists in Restorative Dentistry.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.restdent.org.uk|title=Restorative Dentistry-UK (RD-UK) and the Specialty Registrars in Restorative Dentistry Group (SRRDG) - Restorative Dentistry-UK (RD-UK) - SSRDG|website=www.restdent.org.uk}}</ref> Restorative dentistry specialty training in the UK lasts five years, and upon successful completion, the dentist may be appointed as a consultant in restorative dentistry.
==Restorative dental treatments==
Restorative dentistry combines the three dental monospecialties of endodontics, prosthodontics and periodontics. Restorative consultants work within dental hospital environments and receive referrals from other dental specialties and general dental practitioners. They may provide a treatment planning service or provide [[shared care]] with the referring dentist. Restorative dentists manage complex cases that would be difficult to manage in general dental practice that include, but are not limited to:
* Pre-radiotherapy head and neck oncology assessments
* Oral rehabilitation of patients after head and neck oncology treatment
* Provision of obturators for head and neck oncology and cleft palate patients
* Oral rehabilitation of hypodontia patients
* Oral rehabilitation of [[maxillofacial trauma]] patients
* Management of [[tooth wear]] cases
* [[Root canal treatment|Root canal therapy]] – both non-surgical and surgical
* Periodontal treatment – both non-surgical and surgical
== Common types of dental restorations ==
=== Dental crowns ===
Dental crowns are tooth-colored restorations or metal restorations.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dental Crowns: Types, Procedure Overview & Costs|url=https://www.nativesdaily.com/dental-crowns-types-procedure-overview-costs/|access-date=2024-10-14|work=www.nativesdaily.com|date=4 March 2022 }}</ref> They replace the essential structures of a missing tooth caused by root canals, decay, or fractures.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dental Crowns: Preserving Damaged Teeth|url=https://www.yourdentistryguide.com/crowns/|access-date=2024-10-14|work=www.yourdentistryguide.com}}</ref> Crowns also serve as full "caps" that restore normal tooth size, shape, and function.
=== Dental fillings ===
Dental fillings are often used to fill cavities or holes after root canal treatment.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dental Fillings - Price, Dental Gap Filling|url=https://dentaleh.com/en/dental-fillings-usa|access-date=2024-10-14|work=dentaleh.com}}</ref> They can also be used to restore worn teeth or fill gaps between teeth.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dental Fillings|url=https://www.thecarsondentist.com/services/general-dentistry/dental-fillings|access-date=2024-10-14|work=www.thecarsondentist.com}}</ref> Fillings can be made of amalgam (a metal alloy) or materials such as composite resin and glass ionomer.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tooth Filling: Dental Filling Costs, Types, Procedure and More|url=https://www.dentaly.org/en/tooth-filling/|access-date=2024-10-14|work=www.dentaly.org|date=28 June 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Restorative dentistry: fillings, prosthetics, bioceramics and other methods|url=https://woodlandhillsfamilydentistry.com/restorative-dentistry-fillings-prosthetics-bioceramics-and-other-methods/|access-date=2024-10-14|work=woodlandhillsfamilydentistry.com|date=9 October 2023 }}</ref>
=== Sinus lift and bone grafting ===
Occasionally, a dentist may recommend dental implants for a patient, but that patient does not have enough upper jaw bone to accommodate a dental implant. In this case, the dentist will recommend a sinus lift. A sinus lift is a surgical procedure in which bone is grafted onto the upper jaw.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sinus Lift Overview|url=https://clinichunter.com/sinus-lift/|access-date=2024-10-14|work=clinichunter.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The sinus lift procedure|url=https://www.animated-teeth.com/tooth-implants/a-dental-implant-sinus-lift.htm|access-date=2024-10-14|work=www.animated-teeth.com}}</ref> The membrane of the maxillary sinus is lifted upward, making space for additional bone.
=== Veneers ===
Veneers are layers of dental resin or ceramic that are placed over existing teeth.<ref>{{Cite web|title=All That You Need to Know About Dental Veneers|url=https://www.thantakit.com/all-that-you-need-to-know-about-dental-veneers/|access-date=2024-10-14|work=www.thantakit.com|date=24 October 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Different Types of Veneers|url=https://www.thedentalguide.net/types-of-veneers/|access-date=2024-10-14|work=www.thedentalguide.net}}</ref> As Dr. Aggarwal explains, veneers require "minimal removal of tooth structure" and provide an improved aesthetic appearance.
While the low invasiveness of veneers may be attractive, they are more susceptible to damage than other treatments because they are so fragile. In addition, veneers may require multiple sessions to be placed. They are also more expensive, and insurance may not cover their costs
=== Bridges ===
Bridges are used to replace one or more missing teeth by placing artificial teeth between two natural teeth using crowns as supports on either side - effectively "filling" the gap where natural teeth once were.
== Guidelines for children and adolescents ==
In the United States, the [[American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry]] (AAPD) has published the following guidelines:<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.aapd.org/assets/1/7/G_Restorative1.PDF |title=Guideline on Restorative Dentistry |date=2016 |publisher=[[American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry]]}}</ref>
* ''Guideline on Restorative Dentistry''
* ''Guideline on Pulp Therapy for Primary and Immature Permanent Teeth''
* ''Oral Health Policies & Recommendations (The Reference Manual of Pediatric Dentistry)''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oral Health Policies and Recommendations |url=https://www.aapd.org/research/oral-health-policies--recommendations/ |access-date=2024-04-08 |website=www.aapd.org}}</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Dentistry}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Restorative Dentistry}}
[[Category:Restorative dentistry| ]]
[[Category:Dentistry branches]]
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