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| death_place = New York City, US<!-- "US" does not take full stops/points in British English -->
| death_cause = [[Murder of John Lennon|Murder by shooting]]
| resting_place = Cremated; ashes scattered in [[Central Park]], New York City
| occupation = {{hlist|Singer|songwriter|musician|author|artist<ref>{{Cite web |last=Christgau |first=Robert |author-link=Robert Christgau |title=John Lennon {{!}} Biography, Songs, Albums, Death, & Facts |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Lennon |access-date=18 February 2024 |website=[[Britannica]]}}</ref>|peace activist}}
| years_active = 1956–1980
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[[File:John Lennon en echtgenote Yoko Ono vertrekken van Schiphol naar Wenen in de vert, Bestanddeelnr 922-2496 (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Yoko Ono]] and Lennon in March 1969]]
By late 1968, Lennon's increased drug use and growing preoccupation with Ono, combined with the Beatles' inability to agree on how the company should be run, left Apple in need of professional management. Lennon asked [[Lord Beeching]] to take on the role but he declined, advising Lennon to go back to making records. Lennon was approached by [[Allen Klein]], who had managed [[the Rolling Stones]] and other bands during the [[British Invasion]]. In early 1969, Klein was appointed as Apple's chief executive by Lennon, Harrison and Starr,{{sfn|TelegraphKlein|2010}} but McCartney never signed the management contract.{{sfn|Miles|1997|p=549: "Paul never did sign the management contract"}}
Lennon and Ono were married on 20 March 1969 and soon released a series of 14 [[lithograph]]s called "Bag One" depicting scenes from their honeymoon,{{sfn|Fawcett|1976|p=185}} eight of which were deemed indecent and most of which were banned and confiscated.{{sfn|Coleman|1984a|p=279}} Lennon's creative focus continued to move beyond the Beatles, and between 1968 and 1969 he and Ono recorded three albums of experimental music together: ''[[Unfinished Music No. 1: Two Virgins]]''{{sfn|Coleman|1984a|pp=48–49}} (known more for its cover than for its music), ''[[Unfinished Music No. 2: Life with the Lions]]'' and ''[[Wedding Album]]''. In 1969, they formed the [[Plastic Ono Band]], releasing ''[[Live Peace in Toronto 1969]]''. Between 1969 and 1970, Lennon released the singles "Give Peace a Chance", which was widely adopted as an anti-[[Vietnam War]] anthem,{{sfn|Perone|2001|pp=57–58}} "[[Cold Turkey]]", which documented his withdrawal symptoms after he became addicted to [[heroin]],{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=160–161}} and "[[Instant Karma!]]".
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{{Listen|type=music|filename=Imagine.ogg|title="Imagine"|description=Sample of "[[Imagine (John Lennon song)|Imagine]]", Lennon's most widely known post-Beatles song.{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=382}} Like "Give Peace a Chance", the song became an anti-war anthem, but its lyrics offended religious groups. Lennon's explanation was: "If you can imagine a world at peace, with no denominations of religion – not without religion, but without this 'my god is bigger than your god' thing – then it can be true."{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=382–383}} }}
Eager for a major commercial success, Lennon adopted a more accessible sound for his next album, ''[[Imagine (John Lennon album)|Imagine]]'' (1971).{{sfn|Schaffner|1978|p=146}} ''Rolling Stone'' reported that "it contains a substantial portion of good music" but warned of the possibility that "his posturings will soon seem not merely dull but irrelevant".{{sfn|Gerson|1971}} [[Imagine (John Lennon song)|The album's title track]] later became an anthem for anti-war movements,{{sfn|Vigilla|2005}} while the song "[[How Do You Sleep? (John Lennon song)|How Do You Sleep?]]" was a musical attack on McCartney in response to lyrics on ''[[Ram (album)|Ram]]'' that Lennon felt, and McCartney later confirmed,{{sfn|Goodman|1984}} were directed at him and Ono.{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=354–356}}{{refn|group=nb|Lennon softened his stance in the mid-1970s, however, and said he had written "How Do You Sleep?" about himself.{{sfn|Harry|2000b|pp=354–356}} In 1980, he said that rather than the song representing a "terrible vicious horrible vendetta" against McCartney, "I used my resentment and withdrawing from Paul and the Beatles, and the relationship with Paul, to write 'How Do You Sleep'. I don't really go 'round with those thoughts in my head all the time."{{sfn|Peebles|1981|p=44}}}} In "[[Jealous Guy]]", Lennon addressed his demeaning treatment of women, acknowledging that his past
In gratitude for his guitar contributions to ''Imagine'', Lennon initially agreed to perform at Harrison's [[Concert for Bangladesh]] benefit shows in New York.{{sfn|Rodriguez|2010|pp=48–49}} Harrison refused to allow Ono to participate at the concerts, however, which resulted in the couple having a heated argument and Lennon pulling out of the event.{{sfn|Badman|2001|p=44}}
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===Hiatus and return: 1975–1980===
[[File:Lennon's Green Card.jpg|thumb|Lennon's [[green card]], which allowed him to live and work in the United States]]
[[Sean Lennon]], Lennon's only child with Ono, was born on 9 October 1975 (Lennon's thirty-fifth birthday), after which Lennon took on the role of househusband. He formally announced his break from music in Tokyo in 1977, saying, "we have basically decided, without any great decision, to be with our baby as much as we can until we feel we can take time off to indulge ourselves in creating things outside of the family."{{sfn|Bennahum|1991|p=87}} During his career break he created several series of drawings, and drafted a book containing a mix of autobiographical material and what he termed "mad stuff",{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=814}} all of which would be published posthumously. Lennon emerged from his hiatus in October 1980, when he released the single "[[(Just Like) Starting Over]]". In November, he and Ono released the album ''[[Double Fantasy]]'', which included songs Lennon had written in [[Bermuda]]. In June, Lennon chartered a 43-foot sailboat and embarked on a sailing trip to Bermuda. En route, he and the crew encountered a storm, rendering everyone on board seasick, except Lennon, who took control and sailed the boat through the storm. This experience re-invigorated him and his creative muse. He spent three weeks in Bermuda in a home called Fairylands writing and refining the tracks for the upcoming album.{{sfn|BBC News|2006b}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://forums.stevehoffman.tv/threads/lennon-article-circa-1980-double-fantasy.76587/ |title=Lennon article (circa 1980/ Double Fantasy) |website=Steve Hoffman Music Forums|access-date=29 August 2020|archive-date=2 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200802170250/https://forums.stevehoffman.tv/threads/lennon-article-circa-1980-double-fantasy.76587/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/john-lennon-and-sons-double-fantasy-trip-8629345.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220613/http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/news/john-lennon-and-sons-double-fantasy-trip-8629345.html |archive-date=13 June 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=John Lennon and son's double-fantasy trip |date=24 May 2013 |website=The Independent}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.royalgazette.com/article/20120622/NEWS/706219892 |title=Yoko Ono thanks Bermuda for tribute to John Lennon | The Royal Gazette:Bermuda News |first=Scott |last=Neil |website=The Royal Gazette |date=22 June 2012 |access-date=21 February 2020|archive-date=21 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200221234123/http://www.royalgazette.com/article/20120622/NEWS/706219892|url-status=live}}</ref>
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<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Lennon and Chapman.jpg|thumb|left|Lennon autographing a copy of ''[[Double Fantasy]]'' for [[Mark David Chapman|Chapman]], six hours before his death.]] -->
Ono issued a statement the next day, saying "There is no funeral for John", ending it with the words, "John loved and prayed for the human race. Please do the same for him."{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=692}} His remains were
In the weeks following the murder, "(Just Like) Starting Over" and ''Double Fantasy'' topped the charts in the UK and the US.{{sfn|Badman|2001|p=277}} "Imagine" hit number one in the UK in January 1981 and "Happy Xmas" peaked at number two.{{sfn|Badman|2001|p=279}} "Imagine" was succeeded at the top of the UK chart by "[[Woman (John Lennon song)|Woman]]", the second single from ''Double Fantasy''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/all-the-number-1-singles__7931/#1980s |title=All The Number 1 Singles |website=The Official Charts Company|access-date=29 March 2021|archive-date=26 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210326223222/https://www.officialcharts.com/chart-news/all-the-number-1-singles__7931/#1980s|url-status=live}}</ref> Later that year, [[Roxy Music]]'s cover version of "[[Jealous Guy#Roxy Music version|Jealous Guy]]", recorded as a tribute to Lennon, was also a UK number-one.{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=411}}
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===Brian Epstein===
[[File:Aankomst Brian Epstein (manager Beatles) op Schiphol (Grand Gala du Disque 1965), Bestanddeelnr 918-2516 ShiftN.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Brian Epstein]] in 1965]]
The Beatles were performing at Liverpool's [[The Cavern Club|Cavern Club]] in November 1961 when they were introduced to [[Brian Epstein]] after a midday concert. Epstein was homosexual and [[closeted]], and according to biographer [[Philip Norman (author)|Philip Norman]], one of Epstein's reasons for wanting to manage the group was that he was attracted to Lennon. Almost as soon as Julian was born, Lennon went on holiday to Spain with Epstein, which led to speculation about their relationship. When he was later questioned about it, Lennon said, "Well, it was almost a love affair, but not quite. It was never consummated. But it was a pretty intense relationship. It was my first experience with a homosexual that I was conscious was homosexual. We used to sit in a café in [[Torremolinos]] looking at all the boys and I'd say, 'Do you like that one? Do you like this one?' I was rather enjoying the experience, thinking like a writer all the time: I am experiencing this."{{sfn|Harry|2000a|p=232}} Soon after their return from Spain, at McCartney's twenty-first birthday party in June 1963, Lennon physically attacked Cavern Club master of ceremonies [[Bob Wooler]] for saying "How was your honeymoon, John?" The MC, known for his wordplay and affectionate but cutting remarks, was making a joke,{{sfn|Harry|2000a|pp=1165, 1169}} but ten months had passed since Lennon's marriage, and the deferred honeymoon was still two months in the future.{{sfn|Lennon|2005|pp=94, 119–120}} Lennon was drunk.
Lennon delighted in mocking Epstein for his homosexuality and for the fact that he was Jewish.{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=232}} When Epstein invited suggestions for the title of his autobiography, Lennon offered ''Queer Jew''; on learning of the eventual title, ''[[A Cellarful of Noise]]'', he parodied, "More like ''A Cellarful of Boys''".{{sfn|Coleman|1992|pp=298–299}} He demanded of a visitor to Epstein's flat, "Have you come to blackmail him? If not, you're the only bugger in London who hasn't."{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=232}} During the recording of "[[Baby, You're a Rich Man]]", he sang altered choruses of "Baby, you're a rich fag Jew".{{sfn|Norman|2008|p=503}}{{sfn|MacDonald|2005|p=206}}
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===Sean Lennon===
[[File:Sean Lennon.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Sean Lennon]] at a [[Free Tibet]] event in 1998]]
[[Sean Lennon|Sean Ono Lennon]] was born on 9 October 1975, his father's 35th birthday. Ono had previously suffered three [[miscarriage]]s in her attempt to have a child with Lennon.
Following Sean's birth, Lennon's subsequent hiatus from the music industry would span five years. He had a photographer take pictures of Sean every day of his first year and created numerous drawings for him, which were posthumously published as ''Real Love: The Drawings for Sean''. Lennon later proudly declared, "He didn't come out of my belly but, by God, I made his bones, because I've attended to every meal, and to how he sleeps, and to the fact that he swims like a fish."{{sfn|Harry|2000b|p=535}}
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===Deportation attempt===
[[File:John Lennon en echtgenote Yoko Ono vertrekken van Schiphol naar Wenen in de vert, Bestanddeelnr 922-2494.jpg|thumb|Lennon with Ono in 1969]]<!-- Put in-line references into this article from books (with page numbers) or from web pages. -->
Following the impact of "Give Peace a Chance" and "[[Happy Xmas (War Is Over)]]" on the anti-war movement, the Nixon administration heard rumours of Lennon's involvement in a concert to be held in San Diego at the same time as the [[1972 Republican National Convention]]{{sfn|Wiener|1999|p=2}} and tried to have him deported. Nixon believed that Lennon's anti-war activities could cost him his reelection;{{sfn|BBC News|2000}} Republican Senator [[Strom Thurmond]] suggested in a February 1972 memo that "deportation would be a strategic counter-measure" against Lennon.{{sfn|Wiener|1990|p=225}} The next month the United States [[Immigration and Naturalization Service]] (INS) began deportation proceedings, arguing that his 1968 misdemeanour conviction for cannabis possession in London had made him ineligible for admission to the United States. Lennon spent the next {{frac|3|1|2}} years in and out of deportation hearings until 8 October 1975, when a court of appeals barred the deportation attempt, stating "the courts will not condone selective deportation based upon secret political grounds".{{sfn|Coleman|1992|pp=576–583}}{{sfn|BBC News|2006a}} While the legal battle continued, Lennon attended rallies and made television appearances. He and Ono co-hosted ''[[The Mike Douglas Show]]'' for a week in February 1972, introducing guests such as [[Jerry Rubin]] and [[Bobby Seale]] to mid-America.{{sfn|BBC News|2006c}} In 1972, [[Bob Dylan]] wrote a letter to the INS defending Lennon, stating:
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==Discography==
{{Main|John Lennon discography|List of songs recorded by John Lennon}}
{{See also|The Beatles albums discography|The Beatles singles discography}}
===Studio albums===
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| style="text-align:center;"| 1970
! scope="row"| ''[[Fly (1970 film)|Fly]]''
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| Short film, writer, producer, director
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[[Category:English pop guitarists]]
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[[Category:English pop keyboardists]]
[[Category:English male rock singers]]
[[Category:English pop rock singers]]
[[Category:English socialists]]
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