Betty White: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|American actress and comedian (1922–2021)}}
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{{Use American English|date=December 2021}}
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{{Infobox person
| name = Betty White
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| death_place = Los Angeles, California,<!--Links not needed per MOS:OVERLINK--> U.S.
| occupation = {{hlist|Actress|comedian}}
| works = [[Betty White filmography|Filmography]]
| awards = [[List of awards and nominations received by Betty White|Full list]]
| years_active = 1939–2021
| notable_works = {{hlist|class=nowraplinks|''[[The Golden Girls]]''|''[[The Golden Palace]]''|''[[The Mary Tyler Moore Show|Mary Tyler Moore]]''|''[[Hot in Cleveland]]''|''[[The Betty White Show (disambiguation)|The Betty White Show]]''}}
| spouse = {{plainlist|
* {{marriage|Dick Barker|1945|1945|end=divorced}}
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}}
 
'''Betty Marion WhiteLudden''' ({{nee}} '''White'''; January 17, 1922{{spnd}}December 31, 2021) was an American actress, comedian and producercomedian.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tenz |first=Courtney |date=January 17, 2017 |title=Betty White, comedian and actress, turns 95 |url=http://www.dw.com/en/betty-white-comedian-and-actress-turns-95/a-37147282 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811225136/http://www.dw.com/en/betty-white-comedian-and-actress-turns-95/a-37147282 |archive-date=August 11, 2017 |access-date=August 11, 2017 |website=Deutsche Welle}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=January 17, 2017 |title=Happy birthday! Actress and comedian Betty White turns 95 |url=http://fox59.com/2017/01/17/betty-white-turns-95/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811222036/http://fox59.com/2017/01/17/betty-white-turns-95/ |archive-date=August 11, 2017 |access-date=August 11, 2017 |website=FOX59 |quote=Popular actress and comedian Betty White turns 95 on Tuesday.}}</ref> A pioneer of [[Golden Age of Television|early television]] with a career spanning eightalmost seven decades, she was noted for her [[Betty White filmography|vast number of television appearances]] acting in sitcoms, [[sketch comedy]], and game shows. She produced and starred in the series ''[[Life with Elizabeth]]'' (1953{{ndash}}1955), thus becoming the first woman to produce a sitcom.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pioneers of Television: Sitcoms: TV Programs on Iowa Public Television |url=http://www.iptv.org/series.cfm/19195/pioneers_television/ep:101/episodes |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150106060936/http://www.iptv.org/series.cfm/19195/pioneers_television/ep%3A101/episodes |archive-date=January 6, 2015 |access-date=January 22, 2015 |publisher=Iptv.org}}</ref>
 
After moving from radio to television, White became a staple panelist of American game shows such as ''[[Password (American game show)|Password]]'', ''[[Match Game]]'', ''[[Tattletales]]'', ''[[To Tell the Truth]]'', ''[[The Hollywood Squares]]'', and ''[[Pyramid (game show)|The $25,000 Pyramid]]''. Dubbed "the first lady of game shows", she became the first woman to receive the [[Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host]] for the show ''[[Just Men!]]'' in 1983.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stacy Conradt, Mental Floss |date=February 23, 2010 |title=10 reasons we love Betty White |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2010/LIVING/worklife/02/23/mf.betty.white.why.love/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006151452/http://edition.cnn.com/2010/LIVING/worklife/02/23/mf.betty.white.why.love/ |archive-date=October 6, 2014 |access-date=January 22, 2015 |publisher=CNN}}</ref> She then became more widely known for her guest and recurring appearances on shows such as ''[[The Carol Burnett Show]]'', ''[[Mama's Family]]'', ''[[The Bold and the Beautiful]]'' and ''[[Boston Legal]]''.
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[[File:Betty White in The Betty White Show 1954 (2).jpg|thumb|White on ''The Betty White Show'' in 1954]]
 
==== ''The Betty White Show'' (1952–1954) ====
From 1952 to 1954, White hosted and produced her own daily talk/variety show, ''[[The Betty White Show (1952 TV series)|The Betty White Show]]'', first on KLAC-TV and then on [[NBC]] (her first television, but second show to feature that title).<ref name=thr/> Like her sitcom, she had creative control over the series, and was able to hire a female director.<ref name="First Lady White">{{Cite web |title=Betty White: PBS salutes Happy Homemaker, Golden Girl, TV pioneer |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/tv/2018/08/20/betty-white-gets-pbs-tribute-first-lady-television/1026883002/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180901065142/https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/tv/2018/08/20/betty-white-gets-pbs-tribute-first-lady-television/1026883002/ |archive-date=September 1, 2018 |access-date=September 1, 2018 |website=USA Today}}</ref> In a first for American network variety television, her show featured an African-American performer,<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lloyed |first=Robert |date=January 1, 2022 |title=What made Betty White the most beloved TV star of her (or any) generation |work=Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/tv/story/2022-01-01/betty-white-death-mary-tyler-moore-golden-girls-hot-in-cleveland-appreciation |url-status=live |access-date=January 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102053933/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/tv/story/2022-01-01/betty-white-death-mary-tyler-moore-golden-girls-hot-in-cleveland-appreciation |archive-date=January 2, 2022}}</ref> but the show faced criticism for the inclusion of tap dancer [[Arthur Duncan]] as a regular cast member. The criticism followed when NBC expanded the show nationally. Local [[Southern United States|Southern]] stations in the [[Jim Crow]] era threatened to boycott unless Duncan was removed from the series.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Fogarty |first=Paul |date=October 8, 2020 |title=Arthur Duncan on The Betty White shows why Betty White is 'the First Lady of Television' |url=https://www.hitc.com/en-gb/2020/10/08/the-betty-white-show-arthur-duncan-cancelled/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211218114611/https://www.hitc.com/en-gb/2020/10/08/the-betty-white-show-arthur-duncan-cancelled/ |archive-date=December 18, 2021 |access-date=December 31, 2021 |website=HITC}}</ref> In response, White said "I'm sorry. Live with it", and gave Duncan more airtime.<ref name="First Lady White" /><ref name="PBS Honors">{{Cite web |title=Betty White's 80-year career celebrated in PBS special |url=https://entertainment.mb.com.ph/2018/08/01/betty-whites-80-year-career-celebrated-in-pbs-special/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180802041010/https://entertainment.mb.com.ph/2018/08/01/betty-whites-80-year-career-celebrated-in-pbs-special/ |archive-date=August 2, 2018 |access-date=September 1, 2018 |website=Manila Bulletin}}</ref> Initially a ratings success, the show repeatedly changed time slots and suffered lower viewership. By the end of the year, NBC quietly cancelled the series.<ref name="The White Early Years">{{Cite web |title=The Early Betty White 1947–1973 |url=http://blog.wfmu.org/freeform/2010/04/the-early-betty-white.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100407083759/http://blog.wfmu.org/freeform/2010/04/the-early-betty-white.html |archive-date=April 7, 2010 |access-date=September 2, 2018 |website=WFMU}}</ref>
 
==== ''Life with Elizabeth'' (1953–1955) ====
In 1952, the same year that she began hosting ''Hollywood on Television'', White co-founded Bandy Productions with writer [[George Tibbles]] and [[Don Fedderson]], a producer.<ref name=thr/> The trio worked to create new shows using existing characters from sketches shown on ''Hollywood on Television''. White, Fedderson, and Tibbles created the [[television comedy]] ''[[Life with Elizabeth]]'', with White portraying the [[title character]].<ref name=thr/> The show was originally a live production on [[KCOP-TV|KLAC-TV]] in 1951, and won White a [[Los Angeles Emmy Award]] in 1952.<ref name=thr/><ref name=shemadeit/><ref name="oneil20100617" /><ref>{{Cite news |last=Gomes |first=Patrick |date=September 3, 2015 |title=Betty White Remembers Her First Emmys – in 1951! |work=People |url=https://people.com/tv/betty-white-remembers-1951-emmys/ |access-date=December 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117033527/http://www.peoplestylewatch.com/people/stylewatch/package/article/0,,20840501_20846506,00.html |archive-date=November 17, 2015}}</ref> ''Life with Elizabeth'' was nationally [[Broadcast syndication|syndicated]] from 1953 to 1955, allowing White to become one of the few women in television with full creative control in front of and behind the camera.<ref name=thr/> The show was unusual for a sitcom in the 1950s because it was co-produced and owned by a twenty-eight-year-old woman who still lived with her parents. White said they did not worry about relevance in those days, and that usually the incidents were based on real-life situations that happened to her, the[[Del actorMoore]] (who played Alvin), and the writer.<ref name="O" /> White also performed in television advertisements seen on live television in Los Angeles, including a rendition of the "Dr. Ross Dog Food" advertisement at [[KTLA]] during the 1950s. She guest-starred on ''[[The Millionaire (TV series)|The Millionaire]]'' in the 1956 episode "The Virginia Lennart Story", as the owner of a small-town diner who received an anonymous gift of $1 million.<ref name=thr/>
 
Following the end of ''Life with Elizabeth'', she appeared as Vicki Angel on the [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] sitcom ''[[Date with the Angels]]'' from 1957 to 1958.<ref name="terrace">{{Cite book |last=Terrace |first=Vincent |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YX_daEhlnbsC&pg=PA238 |title=Encyclopedia of Television Shows, 1925 through 2010 |publisher=McFarland |year=2014 |isbn=9780786486410 |edition=2nd |access-date=July 2, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721190433/https://books.google.com/books?id=YX_daEhlnbsC&pg=PA238 |archive-date=July 21, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref> As originally intended, the show, loosely based on the [[Elmer Rice]] play ''[[Dream Girl (play)|Dream Girl]]'', would focus on Vicki's daydreaming tendencies. However, the sponsor was not pleased with the fantasy elements and was pressured to have them eliminated. "I can honestly say that was the only time I have ever wanted to get out of a show", White later said.<ref name="The White Early Years" /> The sitcom was a critical and rating disaster, but ABC wouldn't allow White out of her contractual agreement and required her to fill the remaining thirteen weeks in their deal. Instead of a retooled version of the sitcom, White rebooted her old talk/variety show, ''The Betty White Show'', which aired until her contract was fulfilled."<ref name="The White Early Years" />
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==== Game and talk show appearances ====
By the 1960s, White was a staple of network game shows and talk shows: including both [[Jack Paar]] and later [[Johnny Carson]]'s era of ''[[The Tonight Show]]''. She made many appearances on the hit ''[[Password (American game show)|Password]]'' show as a celebrity guest from 1961 through 1975. She married the show's host, [[Allen Ludden]], in 1963.<ref name=thr/> She subsequently appeared on the show's three updated versions, ''Password Plus'',<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 1, 2022 |title=Bill Anderson and Naomi Judd Reflect on Passing of Betty White |url=https://www.cowboysindians.com/2021/12/bill-anderson-and-naomi-judd-reflect-on-passing-of-betty-white/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101005751/https://www.cowboysindians.com/2021/12/bill-anderson-and-naomi-judd-reflect-on-passing-of-betty-white/ |archive-date=January 1, 2022 |access-date=January 1, 2022 |website=[[Cowboys & Indians (magazine)|Cowboys & Indians]]}}</ref> ''Super Password'',<ref>{{Cite news |date=October 30, 2009 |title=Top 10 Game-Show Moments |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |url=https://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1933556_1933557_1933650,00.html |url-status=live |access-date=January 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231224150/http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1933556_1933557_1933650,00.html |archive-date=December 31, 2021 |issn=0040-781X}}</ref> and ''Million Dollar Password''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Betty White and Adam Carolla are the celebrity contestants participating on the hit games show, 'Million Dollar Password,' Sunday, Dec. 28, on CBS |url=https://www.viacomcbspressexpress.com/cbs-entertainment/releases/view?id=20452 |url-status=live |archive-url=http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:https://www.viacomcbspressexpress.com/cbs-entertainment/releases/view?id=20452 |archive-date=December 25, 2021 |access-date=January 1, 2022 |website=ViacomCBS Press Express| date=December 17, 2008 }}</ref> White made frequent game show appearances on ''[[What's My Line?]]'' (starting in 1955), ''[[To Tell the Truth]]'' (in 1961, 1990, and 2015), ''[[I've Got a Secret]]'' (in 1972–73),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Moore |first=Frazier |title=Betty White, Beloved Star of 'The Golden Girls,' Dies at 99 |url=https://www.nbcwashington.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/betty-white-beloved-star-of-the-golden-girls-dead-at-99/2923913/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101012705/https://www.nbcwashington.com/entertainment/entertainment-news/betty-white-beloved-star-of-the-golden-girls-dead-at-99/2923913/ |archive-date=January 1, 2022 |access-date=January 1, 2022 |website=NBC4 Washington|date=December 31, 2021 }}</ref> ''[[Match Game]]'' (1973–1982), and ''[[Pyramid (game show)|Pyramid]]'' (starting in 1982).<ref>{{Cite news |title=Betty White, a beloved icon and actress since the beginning of TV, has died at age 99 |work=NPR.org |url=https://www.npr.org/2021/12/31/202965627/betty-white-death?ft=nprml&f=&t=1640999723488 |url-status=live |access-date=January 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101012650/https://www.npr.org/2021/12/31/202965627/betty-white-death?ft=nprml&f=&t=1640999723488 |archive-date=January 1, 2022}}</ref> She made her feature film debut as fictional Kansas Senator Elizabeth Ames Adams in the 1962 drama ''[[Advise & Consent]]'';<ref>{{Cite web |title=Advise and Consent |url=https://www.tvguide.com/movies/advise-and-consent/cast/2000107613/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101021318/https://www.tvguide.com/movies/advise-and-consent/cast/2000107613/ |archive-date=January 1, 2022 |access-date=January 1, 2022 |website=TVGuide.com}}</ref> in 2004, on talk show ''[[Q&amp;A (American talk show)|Q&A]]'', host [[Brian Lamb]] remarked on White's longevity as an actress besides the fact she was playing a strong female senator in 1962. He and [[Donald A. Ritchie]] noted that viewers would have seen the Senator Adams character to reflect [[Margaret Chase Smith]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Betty White in "Advise & Consent" |url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?c4550115/betty-white-advise-consent |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101012707/https://www.c-span.org/video/?c4550115%2Fbetty-white-advise-consent |archive-date=January 1, 2022 |access-date=January 1, 2022 |website=C-SPAN}}</ref> In 1963, White starred in a production of ''[[The King and I]]'' at the [[The Muny|St. Louis Municipal Opera Theatre]], with [[Charles Korvin]] co-starring as the king.<ref>{{Cite news|date=July 29, 1963|title=1963 Betty White in the King and I|pages=15|work=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/15263625/1963-betty-white-in-the-king-and-i/|access-date=January 19, 2022|archive-date=January 17, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117010056/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/15263625/1963-betty-white-in-the-king-and-i/|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
NBC offered her an anchor job on their flagship [[breakfast television]] show ''[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]''. She turned the offer down because she did not want to move permanently to New York City (where ''Today'' is produced). The job eventually went to [[Barbara Walters]].<ref name="Hall Of Fame White">{{Cite web |title=Betty White: Hall of Fame Tribute |url=https://www.emmys.com/news/hall-fame/betty-white-hall-fame-tribute |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902011822/https://www.emmys.com/news/hall-fame/betty-white-hall-fame-tribute |archive-date=September 2, 2018 |access-date=September 1, 2018 |website=Television Academy}}</ref> Through the 1950s and 1960s, White began a nineteen-year run as hostess and commentator on the annual [[Rose Parade]] broadcast on NBC (co-hosting with [[Roy Neal]] and later [[Lorne Greene]]), and appeared on a number of late-night talk shows, including Jack Paar's ''[[The Tonight Show]]'', and various other daytime game shows.<ref name=thr />
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===1973–1992: Established star ===
[[File:Betty White Sue Ann Nivens 1973.JPG|thumb|right|White as Sue Ann Nivens in ''[[The Mary Tyler Moore Show]]'', 1973]]
 
==== ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'' (1973–1977) ====
{{main|The Mary Tyler Moore Show}}
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A [[running gag]] was how Sue Ann's aggressive, cynical personality was the complete opposite of her relentlessly perky TV persona on the fictional WJM-TV show, ''The Happy Homemaker''. "We need somebody who can play sickeningly sweet, like Betty White", Moore suggested at a production meeting, which resulted in casting White herself. White won two Emmy Awards back-to-back for her role in the hugely popular series, in 1975 and 1976.<ref name=thr/>
 
[[Mary Tyler Moore]] and her husband [[Grant Tinker]] were close friends with White and her husband Allen Ludden. In a 2010 [[The Interviews: An Oral History of Television]] interview, Moore explained that producers, aware of Moore and White's friendship, were initially hesitant to audition White for the role, for fear that if she hadn't been right, it would create awkwardness between the two.<ref name=TVLegends>{{Cite news |date=May 18, 2010 |title=Mary Tyler Moore & Betty White on how Betty White was cast on the MTM Show - Emmytvlegends.org |publisher=youtube |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s3NpO9c9gbk |url-status=live |access-date=February 10, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170416071950/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s3NpO9c9gbk |archive-date=April 16, 2017}}</ref>
 
[[File:Mary Tyler Moore Show cast last show 1977.JPG|thumb|left|A scene from the final episode of ''[[The Mary Tyler Moore Show]]'' (''from left''): White as Sue Ann Nivens, [[Gavin MacLeod]] as Murray Slaughter, [[Ed Asner]] as Lou Grant, [[Georgia Engel]] as Georgette Franklin Baxter, [[Ted Knight]] as Ted Baxter, and [[Mary Tyler Moore]] as Mary Richards, 1977]]
 
In 1975, NBC replaced White as commentator hostess of the Tournament of Roses Parade, feeling that she was identified too heavily with rival network CBS's ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show''. White admitted to [[People (magazine)|''People'']] that it was difficult "watching someone else do my parade",<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Windeler |first=Robert |date=December 20, 1976 |title=MTM Is Ending and Stumpers Is Dumped, but Betty White & Allen Ludden Still Have Each Other |url=https://people.com/archive/mtm-is-ending-and-stumpers-is-dumped-but-betty-white-allen-ludden-still-have-each-other-vol-6-no-25/ |url-status=live |journal=People |volume=6 |issue=25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021085529/http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20067239,00.html |archive-date=October 21, 2013 |access-date=December 31, 2021}}</ref> although she would soon start a ten-year run as hostess of the [[Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade]] for CBS. Following the end of ''The Mary Tyler Moore Show'' in 1977, White was offered her own sitcom on CBS, her fourth, entitled ''[[The Betty White Show (1977 TV series)|The Betty White Show]]''<ref name=thr/> (the first of thetthe name running a quarter century earlier), in which she co-starred with [[John Hillerman]] and former ''Mary Tyler Moore'' co-star [[Georgia Engel]]. Running up against ''[[Monday Night Football]]'' in its timeslot, the ratings were poor and it was canceled after one season.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rutl |first=Joe |date=March 18, 2021 |title='The Betty White Show': Why the Iconic Actress' Sitcom Was Essentially Doomed to Fail |url=https://outsider.com/news/entertainment/the-betty-white-show-why-iconic-actress-sitcom-essentially-doomed-fail/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101020558/https://outsider.com/news/entertainment/the-betty-white-show-why-iconic-actress-sitcom-essentially-doomed-fail/ |archive-date=January 1, 2022 |access-date=January 1, 2022 |website=Outsider}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=December 30, 2021 |title=Betty White's Best Moments Through the Years |url=https://www.usmagazine.com/entertainment/pictures/betty-whites-best-moments-2015131/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231220633/https://www.usmagazine.com/entertainment/pictures/betty-whites-best-moments-2015131/ |archive-date=December 31, 2021 |access-date=January 1, 2022 |website=[[Us Weekly]]}}</ref>
 
[[File:Betty White Show Cast 1977.JPG|thumb|right|upright=0.8|Cast photo from ''[[The Betty White Show (1977 TV series)|The Betty White Show]]'' of 1977, from left: [[John Hillerman]] as John Elliot, Betty White as Joyce Whitman, [[Georgia Engel]] as Mitzi Maloney]]
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From 1983 to 1984, White had a recurring role playing [[Ellen Harper]] Jackson on the series ''[[Mama's Family]]'',<ref name=thr/> along with future ''[[Golden Girls]]'' co-star Rue McClanahan. White had originated this character in a series of sketches on ''The Carol Burnett Show'' in the 1970s.<ref name="Hyatt">{{Cite book |last=Hyatt |first=Wesley |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=94MSEAAAQBAJ |title=Betty White on TV: From Video Vanguard to Golden Girl |publisher=BearManor Media |access-date=January 2, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102103251/https://books.google.com/books?id=94MSEAAAQBAJ |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 1985, White scored her second signature role and the biggest hit of her career as the [[Rose Nylund#St. Olaf|St. Olaf, Minnesota]] native [[Rose Nylund]] on ''The Golden Girls''.<ref name=thr/> The series chronicled the lives of four widowed or divorced women in their "golden years" who shared a home in Miami. ''The Golden Girls'', which also starred [[Bea Arthur]], [[Estelle Getty]], and [[Rue McClanahan]], was immensely successful and ran from 1985 through 1992. White won one [[Primetime Emmy Award]], for "[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series|Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series]]", for the first season of ''The Golden Girls''<ref name=thr/> and was nominated in that category every year of the show's run<ref name=Hyatt/> (Getty was also nominated every year, but in the supporting actress category).<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Golden Girls |url=https://www.emmys.com/shows/golden-girls |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231214032/https://www.emmys.com/shows/golden-girls |archive-date=December 31, 2021 |access-date=January 1, 2022 |website=Television Academy}}</ref>
 
White had a strained relationship with her ''The Golden Girls'' co-star [[Bea Arthur]] on and off the set of their television show, commenting that Arthur "was not that fond of me" and that "she found me a pain in the neck sometimes. It was my positive attitude – and that made Bea mad sometimes. Sometimes if I was happy, she'd be furious."<ref name="Bea Arthur was not fond">{{Cite web |date=May 4, 2011 |title=CNN Official Interview: Betty White: Bea Arthur was not fond of me |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i-wTJ2hQCK8 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140125210906/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i-wTJ2hQCK8 |archive-date=January 25, 2014 |access-date=January 18, 2014 |website=CNN}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Musto |first=Michael |date=May 5, 2011 |title=Betty White Reveals Why Bea Arthur Hated Her! |work=villagevoice |url=http://www.villagevoice.com/blogs/betty-white-reveals-why-bea-arthur-hated-her-6373768 |url-status=live |access-date=February 8, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217063438/http://www.villagevoice.com/blogs/betty-white-reveals-why-bea-arthur-hated-her-6373768 |archive-date=February 17, 2016}}</ref> After Arthur's death in 2009, White said, "I knew it would hurt, I just didn't know it would hurt this much." Despite their differences, ''The Golden Girls'' was a positive experience for both actresses and they had great mutual respect for the show, their roles, and the achievements made as an ensemble cast.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kaufman |first=Gil |date=April 27, 2009 |title=Bea Arthur Remembered By 'Golden Girls' Co-Stars |work=[[MTV News]] |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1610049/bea-arthur-remembered-by-golden-girls-co-stars.jhtml |url-status=livedead |access-date=February 8, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131110173255/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1610049/bea-arthur-remembered-by-golden-girls-co-stars.jhtml |archive-date=November 10, 2013}}</ref><ref name="HereWe">{{cite book|last=White|first=Betty|title=Here We Go Again: My Life in Television|publisher=Scribner|year=2010|isbn=9781451613698}}</ref>
 
White was originally offered the role of Blanche in ''The Golden Girls'', and Rue McClanahan was offered the role of Rose (the two characters being similar to roles they had played in ''Mary Tyler Moore'' and ''[[Maude (TV series)|Maude]]'', respectively). [[Jay Sandrich]], the director of the pilot, suggested that since they had played similar roles in the past, they should switch roles, Rue McClanahan later said in a documentary on the series. White originally had doubts about her ability to play Rose, until Sandrich explained to her that Rose was "terminally naive". White says "if you told Rose you were so hungry you could eat a horse, she'd call the [[American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals|ASPCA]]."<ref>{{Cite news |date=January 17, 2012 |title=Seven Things You Didn't Know About Birthday Girl Betty White |publisher=radar |url=http://radaronline.com/exclusives/2012/01/betty-white-birthday-90-seven-things/ |url-status=live |access-date=February 11, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216004959/http://radaronline.com/exclusives/2012/01/betty-white-birthday-90-seven-things/ |archive-date=February 16, 2016}}</ref>
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=== 1993–2009: Continued roles ===
After ''The Golden Palace'' ended,<ref name=thr/> White guest-starred on a number of television programs including ''[[Suddenly Susan]]'', ''[[The Practice]]'', and ''[[Yes, Dear]]'' where she received Emmy nominations for her individual appearances. She won an Emmy in 1996 for ''Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series'', appearing as herself on an episode of ''[[The John Larroquette Show]]''.<ref name="Emmys Larroquette">{{Cite web |title=The John Larroquette Show |url=https://www.emmys.com/shows/john-larroquette-show |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904111636/https://www.emmys.com/shows/john-larroquette-show |archive-date=September 4, 2019 |access-date=September 4, 2019 |website=Television Academy}}</ref> In that episode, titled "Here We Go Again", a parody on ''[[Sunset Boulevard (film)|Sunset Boulevard]]'', a diva-like White convinces [[John Larroquette|Larroquette]] to help write her memoir. At one point ''Golden Girls'' co-stars McClanahan and Getty appear as themselves. Larroquette is forced to dress in drag as Bea Arthur, when all four appear in public as the "original" cast members.<ref name=Hyatt/> White also appeared in films such as ''[[Lake Placid (film)|Lake Placid]]'' (1999) and ''[[Bringing Down the House (film)|Bringing Down the House]]'' (2003) during this time.
 
[[File:BettyWhiteJune09.jpg|thumb|upright=0.9|White at the premiere for ''[[The Proposal (2009 film)|The Proposal]]'' in June 2009]]
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===2010–2021: Career resurgence===
[[File:Betty White 2010.jpg|thumb|right|White at the 2010 [[Time 100|''Time'' 100]] gala|alt=Photograph of an elderly white woman laughing]]
Following the success of the Snickers advertisement, a grassroots campaign on Facebook called "Betty White to Host SNL (Please)" began in January 2010. The group was approaching 500,000 members when NBC confirmed on March 11, 2010, that White would in fact host ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' on May 8. The appearance made her, at age 88, the oldest person to host the show, beating [[Miskel Spillman]], the winner of ''SNL''{{'}}s "Anybody Can Host" contest, who was 80 when she hosted in 1977.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Silverman |first=Stephen M. |date=March 11, 2010 |title=Betty White to Host Saturday Night Live May 8 |work=People |url=https://people.com/tv/betty-white-to-host-saturday-night-live-may-8/ |url-status=live |access-date=December 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100314035250/http://www.people.com/people/article/0%2C%2C20350436%2C00.html |archive-date=March 14, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Rice |first=Lynette |date=May 9, 2010 |title='Saturday Night Live' with Betty White attracts big ratings |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |url=https://ew.com/article/2010/05/09/saturday-night-live-with-betty-white-attracts-big-ratings/ |url-status=live |access-date=December 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140127023641/http://insidetv.ew.com/2010/05/09/saturday-night-live-with-betty-white-attracts-big-ratings/ |archive-date=January 27, 2014}}</ref> In her opening monologue, White thanked Facebook and joked that she "didn't know what Facebook was, and now that I do know what it is, I have to say, it sounds like a huge waste of time."<ref name="SNL2010" /> The appearance earned her a 2010 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Outstanding Guest Actress In A Comedy Series Nominees / Winners 2010 |url=https://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/2010/outstanding-guest-actress-in-a-comedy-series |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101223435/https://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/2010/outstanding-guest-actress-in-a-comedy-series |archive-date=January 1, 2022 |access-date=January 1, 2022 |website=Television Academy}}</ref> White and [[Jean Smart]] are the only actresses to have wins in all three comedy Emmy nominationscategories.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/jean-smart-makes-history-emmys-015854019.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly95YW5kZXgucnUv&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAEAqRbILtkDIbSNhOdm7lSNhjBcoAQSLMiFbKA3i2yhv8IFTW2jsQB7o4jHU9Rmkdec1x59dm62n36NlUbDRTkYgA1H3MxoNWY7CP3480mZ3hmYxprBcBW9SK6b_bPVKlBXyqKPfbcdios2UpTO9LRj7agASDfL5r57mUzS1etVm | title=Jean Smart makes history at the Emmys and joins Betty White as the only actresses to sweep the comedy categories | date=September 20, 2021 | access-date=April 4, 2023 | archive-date=March 24, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324200654/https://www.yahoo.com/news/jean-smart-makes-history-emmys-015854019.html?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly95YW5kZXgucnUv&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAEAqRbILtkDIbSNhOdm7lSNhjBcoAQSLMiFbKA3i2yhv8IFTW2jsQB7o4jHU9Rmkdec1x59dm62n36NlUbDRTkYgA1H3MxoNWY7CP3480mZ3hmYxprBcBW9SK6b_bPVKlBXyqKPfbcdios2UpTO9LRj7agASDfL5r57mUzS1etVm | url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Betty White and Barack Obama in the Oval Office.jpg|left|thumb|240x240px|White with President [[Barack Obama]] in the Oval Office, June 2012]]
 
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White's success continued in 2012 with her first [[Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album|Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Recording]] for her bestseller ''If You Ask Me''. She also won the [[UCLA]] [[Jack Benny]] Award for Comedy, recognizing her significant contribution to comedy in television, and was [[Roast (comedy)|roasted]] at the [[New York Friars Club]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dougherty |first=Barry |date=November 3, 2012 |title=The Roast of Betty White |url=http://www.friarsclub.com/2012/11/03/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130720221629/http://www.friarsclub.com/2012/11/03/ |archive-date=July 20, 2013 |access-date=January 18, 2014 |website=[[New York Friars Club]]}}</ref> A television special, ''Betty White's 90th Birthday Party'', aired on NBC a day before her birthday on January 16, 2012. The show featured appearances of many stars whom White worked with over the years as well as a message from then sitting president [[Barack Obama]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=January 16, 2012 |title=Betty White and Betty Crocker celebrate 90th birthday |work=[[On the Red Carpet]] |url=http://www.ontheredcarpet.com/Betty-White-and-Betty-Crocker-celebrate-90th-birthday/8507801 |url-status=live |access-date=January 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131024075928/http://www.ontheredcarpet.com/Betty-White-and-Betty-Crocker-celebrate-90th-birthday/8507801 |archive-date=October 24, 2013}}</ref> In January 2013, NBC once again celebrated White's birthday with a TV special featuring celebrity friends, including former president [[Bill Clinton]]; the special aired on February 5.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Harnick |first=Chris |date=January 16, 2013 |title=Betty White Honored By NBC With New Birthday Special Featuring Bill Clinton |work=HuffPost |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/betty-white-nbc-birthday-special-2013_n_2489232 |url-status=live |access-date=December 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201144543/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/01/16/betty-white-nbc-birthday-special-2013_n_2489232.html |archive-date=February 1, 2014}}</ref>
 
On February 15, 2015, White made her final appearance on ''[[Saturday Night Live]]'' when she attended the ''[[Saturday Night Live 40th Anniversary Special|40th Anniversary Special]]''. She participated in "[[Recurring Saturday Night Live characters and sketches introduced 2011–2012#The Californians|The Californians]]" sketch alongside members of the current ''SNL'' cast members as well as [[Bill Hader]], [[Taylor Swift]] and [[Kerry Washington]]. In the memorable sketch White ends up kissing [[Bradley Cooper]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/national-international/betty-white-kisses-bradley-cooper-on-snl-40-saturday-night-live/2024826/|title= Betty White Kisses Bradley Cooper on "SNL" 40|website= NBCnewyork|date= February 16, 2015|accessdate= January 3, 2021|archive-date= January 3, 2022|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220103194203/https://www.nbcnewyork.com/news/national-international/betty-white-kisses-bradley-cooper-on-snl-40-saturday-night-live/2024826/|url-status= live}}</ref>
 
On August 18, 2018, White's career was celebrated in a [[PBS]] documentary called ''Betty White: First Lady of Television''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Betty White's 80-year career celebrated in PBS special |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/tv/news/betty-whites-80-year-career-celebrated-in-pbs-special/ar-BBLkxuh |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180801155237/https://www.msn.com/en-us/tv/news/betty-whites-80-year-career-celebrated-in-pbs-special/ar-BBLkxuh |archive-date=August 1, 2018 |access-date=August 1, 2018 |website=www.msn.com}}</ref> The documentary was filmed over a period of ten years, and featured archived footage and interviews from colleagues and friends.<ref name="First Lady White" /> In 2019, White appeared in [[Pixar]]'s ''[[Toy Story 4]]'', providing the voice of Bitey White, a toy tiger that was named after her.<ref name="usa">{{Cite news |last=Truitt |first=Brian |date=June 3, 2019 |title='Toy Story 4' exclusive: Check out the four comedy legends joining Woody, Buzz and the gang |work=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2019/06/03/toy-story-4-exclusive-look-whos-joining-woodys-gang/1299634001/ |url-status=live |access-date=June 3, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190603180212/https://www.usatoday.com/story/life/movies/2019/06/03/toy-story-4-exclusive-look-whos-joining-woodys-gang/1299634001/ |archive-date=June 3, 2019}}</ref> The other toys she shared a scene with were named and played by [[Carol Burnett]], [[Carl Reiner]], and [[Mel Brooks]]. White commented that "It was wonderful the way they incorporated our names into the characters&nbsp;... And I'm a sucker for animals, so the tiger was perfect!"<ref name=usa/>
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In October 2011, White was awarded an honorary degree and a white doctor's coat by [[Washington State University]] at the Washington State Veterinary Medical Association's centennial gala in [[Yakima, Washington]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 25, 2011 |title=Comedian Betty White named honorary WSU alumna {{!}} WSU Insider {{!}} Washington State University |url=https://news.wsu.edu/2011/10/25/comedian-betty-white-named-honorary-wsu-alumna/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904113658/https://news.wsu.edu/2011/10/25/comedian-betty-white-named-honorary-wsu-alumna/ |archive-date=September 4, 2019 |access-date=September 4, 2019 |website=WSU Insider}}</ref>
 
A 2011 poll conducted by [[Reuters]] and [[Ipsos]] revealed that White was considered the most popular and most trusted celebrity among Americans, beating the likes of [[Denzel Washington]], Sandra Bullock, and [[Tom Hanks]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=August 19, 2011 |title=America loves Betty White best |publisher=CNN |url=http://marquee.blogs.cnn.com/2011/08/19/america-loves-betty-white-best/ |url-status=livedead |access-date=August 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926210912/http://marquee.blogs.cnn.com/2011/08/19/america-loves-betty-white-best/ |archive-date=September 26, 2011}}</ref>
 
In 2017, after 70 years in the industry, White was invited to become a member of the [[Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences]]. At age 95, this made her the oldest new member at the time.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 29, 2017 |title=Beloved Betty White finally invited to join Academy after 7 decades in film, TV |url=https://www.boston25news.com/news/beloved-betty-white-finally-invited-to-join-academy-after-7-decades-in-film-tv/544638717/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101023601/https://www.boston25news.com/news/beloved-betty-white-finally-invited-to-join-academy-after-7-decades-in-film-tv/544638717/ |archive-date=January 1, 2022 |access-date=January 1, 2022 |website=Boston 25 News}}</ref>
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While volunteering with the [[American Women's Voluntary Services]], White met [[United States Army Air Forces|Air Force]] [[Lockheed P-38 Lightning|P-38]] pilot Dick Barker.<ref name="HereWe" /><ref name="People19">{{Cite news |last=Gliatto |first=Tom |date=June 12, 1999 |title=Forever Betty |work=People |url=http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20129972,00.html |url-status=dead |access-date=January 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201174853/http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20129972,00.html |archive-date=February 1, 2014}}</ref> After the war, they were married in 1945 and moved to [[Belle Center, Ohio]], where Barker owned a chicken farm; he wanted to embrace a simpler life, but White did not enjoy doing so. They returned to Los Angeles and divorced within a year.<ref name=Hyatt/><ref name="Severo-20211231">{{Cite news |last1=Severo |first1=Richard |last2=Keepnews |first2=Peter |date=December 31, 2021 |title=Betty White, a Television Golden Girl From the Start, Is Dead at 99 |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/31/arts/television/betty-white-dead.html |url-status=live |access-date=January 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231234316/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/31/arts/television/betty-white-dead.html |archive-date=December 31, 2021 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> She married Hollywood [[talent agent]] Lane Allen in 1947,<ref name="People19" /> and they divorced in 1949 because he wanted to start a family but she wanted to focus on her career rather than having children.<ref>{{Citation |last=Cary O'Dell |title=Betty White |work=Women Pioneers in Television |page=217 |year=1997 |isbn=9780786401673}}</ref>
 
On June 14, 1963, White married television host [[Allen Ludden]], whom she had met as a celebrity guest on his game show [[Password (American game show)|''Password'']] in 1961.<ref>{{Cite book |last=White |first=Betty |title=Here We Go Again: My Life In Television 1949–1995 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |year=1995 |isbn=0-684-80042-X |location=New York}}</ref> Her legal name was changed to Betty WhiteMarion Ludden.<ref name=BiographyCom"la-co-D-bw"/> He proposed to her at least twice before she accepted, and they remained married until he died from [[stomach cancer]] in Los Angeles on June 9, 1981.<ref name="Inside" /> The couple appeared together in an episode of ''[[The Odd Couple (1970 TV series)|The Odd Couple]]'' featuring Felix's and Oscar's appearance on ''Password''.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Sepinwall |first=Alan |date=December 31, 2021 |title=Goodbye, Golden Girl: How Betty White Conquered TV Over Six Decades |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/tv/tv-features/betty-white-appreciation-alan-sepinwall-1277634/ |url-status=live |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231235535/https://www.rollingstone.com/tv/tv-features/betty-white-appreciation-alan-sepinwall-1277634/ |archive-date=December 31, 2021 |access-date=January 1, 2022 |url-access=limited}}</ref>
 
Writer [[John Steinbeck]] was in White and Ludden's group of high-profile friends, and White wrote about the friendship in her 2011 book ''If You Ask Me (And of Course You Won't)''. Ludden had attended the same school as actress [[Elaine Anderson Steinbeck|Elaine Anderson]] (Steinbeck's future wife) and Steinbeck later gave an early draft of his [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] acceptance speech to Ludden as a birthday gift.<ref name="Hall Of Fame White" /><ref name="America">{{Cite web |title=America's Favorite Golden Girl: Betty White |url=https://www.kirkusreviews.com/features/americas-favorite-golden-girl-betty-white/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902052306/https://www.kirkusreviews.com/features/americas-favorite-golden-girl-betty-white/ |archive-date=September 2, 2018 |access-date=September 1, 2018 |website=kirkus}}</ref> The couple also had a close friendship with blind musician and motivational speaker [[Tom Sullivan (singer)|Tom Sullivan]], whom they had met in 1968 while Sullivan was singing in a small club at the same time that White and Ludden were performing in a play on [[Cape Cod, Massachusetts|Cape Cod]].<ref name="people/white-friend-sullivan"/> White and Sullivan co-wrote a book, ''Leading Lady'', about Sullivan's first [[seeing eye dog]], who lived with White after being retired.<ref name="people/white-friend-sullivan">{{cite news|url=https://people.com/tv/betty-white-longtime-friend-tom-sullivan-pens-heartfelt-tribute-on-her-instagram-national-treasure/|title=Betty White's Friend Tom Sullivan Pens Tribute on Her Instagram|work=[[People (magazine)|People]]|date=January 21, 2022|access-date=October 15, 2022|archive-date=October 15, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015160752/https://people.com/tv/betty-white-longtime-friend-tom-sullivan-pens-heartfelt-tribute-on-her-instagram-national-treasure/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=A man of many talents |url=https://www.perkins.org/a-man-of-many-talents/ |website=[[Perkins School for the Blind]] |date=April 22, 2017 |access-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015084050/https://www.perkins.org/a-man-of-many-talents/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Heser |first1=Hannah |title=Betty White's 'Dear Friend' Tom Sullivan Pens Touching Tribute in New Post |url=https://outsider.com/american-entertainment/betty-whites-dear-friend-tom-sullivan-pens-touching-tribute-new-post/ |website=Outsider |access-date=15 October 15, 2022 |date=21 January 21, 2022 |archive-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015084050/https://outsider.com/american-entertainment/betty-whites-dear-friend-tom-sullivan-pens-touching-tribute-new-post/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
White and Ludden had no children together, though she was the stepmother of his three children with Margaret McGloin Ludden, who had died of cancer in 1961.<ref>{{Cite news |date=June 10, 1981 |title=Allen Ludden, TV Host, Is Dead; On 'College Bowl' and 'Password' |page=B6 |work=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Crawford |first=Setrige |date=January 17, 2012 |title=Betty White Remembers Late Husband Allen Ludden on 90th Birthday |work=[[The Christian Post]] |url=http://www.christianpost.com/news/betty-white-remebers-late-husband-allen-ludden-on-90th-birthday-67353/ |url-status=live |access-date=January 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201122154/http://www.christianpost.com/news/betty-white-remebers-late-husband-allen-ludden-on-90th-birthday-67353/ |archive-date=February 1, 2014}}</ref> During an interview on ''[[Larry King Live]]'', she was asked why she never remarried after Ludden's death. She replied, "Once you've had the best, who needs the rest?"<ref>{{Cite news |last=Weiss |first=Shari |date=April 9, 2011 |title=Betty White: Charlie Sheen and Lindsay Lohan are 'ungrateful' actors who 'abuse' their fame |work=[[Daily News (New York)|Daily News]] |location=New York |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/gossip/betty-white-charlie-sheen-lindsay-lohan-ungrateful-actors-abuse-fame-article-1.111942 |url-status=live |access-date=January 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201141326/http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/gossip/betty-white-charlie-sheen-lindsay-lohan-ungrateful-actors-abuse-fame-article-1.111942 |archive-date=February 1, 2014}}</ref> When asked by [[James Lipton]] on ''[[Inside the Actors Studio]]'' in 2010 what she would like God to say to her if [[Heaven]] exists, she replied, "Come on in, Betty. Here's Allen."<ref>{{Cite episode |title=Betty White |series=Inside the Actors Studio |season=16 |number=6 |minutes=36:56}}</ref>
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==Death==
On December 25, 2021, White suffered a [[stroke]].<ref name="hollywoodreporter/1235072921">{{cite news |title=Betty White's Death Caused By Stroke Suffered 6 Days Earlier |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/betty-white-death-stroke-1235072921/ |access-date=15 October 15, 2022 |work=The Hollywood Reporter |agency=[[Associated Press]] |date=11 January 11, 2022 |archive-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221015074944/https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/tv/tv-news/betty-white-death-stroke-1235072921/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Betty White suffered a stroke six days before she died, death certificate says |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/celebrities/2022/01/10/betty-white-cause-of-death-stroke/9165675002/ |access-date=January 12, 2022 |work=USA Today |date=January 19, 2022 |agency=Associated Press |archive-date=January 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115013348/https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/celebrities/2022/01/10/betty-white-cause-of-death-stroke/9165675002/ |url-status=live }} Republished by [https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/wireStory/betty-whites-death-caused-stroke-suffered-days-earlier-82187897 ABC News] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220114040330/https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/wireStory/betty-whites-death-caused-stroke-suffered-days-earlier-82187897 |date=January 14, 2022 }}</ref> On the morning of December 31, she died in her sleep at her home in the [[Brentwood, Los Angeles|Brentwood]] neighborhood of [[Los Angeles]] at the age of 99.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Silverman |first=Stephen M. |date=December 31, 2021 |title=Betty White Dies: The Golden Girls and Mary Tyler Moore Show Star Was 99 |url=https://people.com/tv/betty-white-the-golden-girls-and-hot-in-cleveland-star-dead-at-99/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231213540/https://people.com/tv/betty-white-the-golden-girls-and-hot-in-cleveland-star-dead-at-99/ |archive-date=December 31, 2021 |access-date=December 31, 2021 |website=[[People (magazine)|People]]}}</ref> Her remains were [[Cremation|cremated]].<ref name="la-co-D-bw">{{cite web |author1=county of los angeles |title=Betty White |url=https://dam.tmz.com/document/3d/o/2022/01/10/3d13bc26a85c47d492e6ef6cb4aa9871.pdf |website=[[TMZ]] |access-date=October 15, 2022 |archive-date=December 21, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221221100703/https://dam.tmz.com/document/3d/o/2022/01/10/3d13bc26a85c47d492e6ef6cb4aa9871.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
White's death was met with statements of sympathy and tributes from many people and organizations around the world. The [[United States Army]] released a statement as White had volunteered with the [[American Women's Voluntary Services]] during [[World War II]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chamlee |first=Virginia |date=December 31, 2021 |title=U.S. Army Remembers Betty White's World War II Service: 'A True Legend' |url=https://people.com/tv/u-s-army-remembers-betty-white-wwii-service-a-true-legend/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220101161137/https://people.com/tv/u-s-army-remembers-betty-white-wwii-service-a-true-legend/ |archive-date=January 1, 2022 |access-date=January 2, 2022 |website=People}}</ref> The [[King Center for Nonviolent Social Change|Martin Luther King Jr. Center]] also offered their condolences and praised White for her early support of racial equality.<ref>{{Cite tweet|author=The Martin Luther King, Jr. Center|author-link=King Center for Nonviolent Social Change |user=TheKingCenter |number=1477001097726337026 |date=December 31, 2021 |title=#DidYouKnow In 1954, #BettyWhite was criticized after having Arthur Duncan, a Black tap dancer, on her show. Her response: 'I'm sorry. Live with it.' She then gave Duncan even more airtime. The show was canceled soon after. Rest well, Betty. #ThankYouForBeingAFriend |access-date=February 5, 2022 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201150335/https://twitter.com/thekingcenter/status/1477001097726337026 |archive-date=February 1, 2022}}</ref> There were additional tributes from numerous media organizations,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tangcay |first=Jazz |date=December 31, 2021 |title=Hollywood Pays Tribute to Betty White: 'Our National Treasure' |url=https://variety.com/2021/tv/news/betty-white-hollywood-tribute-golden-girls-1235145416/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231223419/https://variety.com/2021/tv/news/betty-white-hollywood-tribute-golden-girls-1235145416/ |archive-date=December 31, 2021 |website=Variety |access-date=December 31, 2021}}</ref> entertainers,<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite news |last1=Peters |first1=Michael |title=Betty White's Death Mourned by Lizzo, Halsey, Dionne Warwick & More |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/betty-white-dead-reactions-celebrity-musician-1235014925/ |access-date=January 12, 2022 |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |date=December 31, 2021 |archive-date=January 18, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118071603/https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/betty-white-dead-reactions-celebrity-musician-1235014925/ |url-status=live }}</ref> political commentators,<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.cnn.com/videos/entertainment/2022/01/01/betty-white-tequila-shots-anderson-cooper-and-andy-cohen-nye-special-vpx.cnn|title= See Anderson Cooper and Andy Cohen take shots in honor of Betty White|website= [[CNN]]|accessdate= January 3, 2021|archive-date= January 1, 2022|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220101014508/https://www.cnn.com/videos/entertainment/2022/01/01/betty-white-tequila-shots-anderson-cooper-and-andy-cohen-nye-special-vpx.cnn|url-status= live}}</ref> sports teams,<ref>{{cite news |title=Sports world reacts to death of 'national treasure' Betty White |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2021/12/31/betty-white-dies-sports-world-reacts-legends-death-99/9063679002/ |access-date=January 12, 2022 |work=USA Today |date=December 31, 2021 |archive-date=January 11, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220111194437/https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2021/12/31/betty-white-dies-sports-world-reacts-legends-death-99/9063679002/ |url-status=live }}</ref> politicians,<ref>{{Cite news |date=December 31, 2021 |title=Betty White: Biden leads tributes for Golden Girls actress |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-59843627 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102103256/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-59843627 |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |accessdate=December 31, 2021}}</ref> and other public figures.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Andrews-Dyer |first=Helena |date=December 31, 2021 |title=Tributes pour in for 'cultural icon' Betty White, as fans from Biden to Ryan Reynolds pay homage |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2021/12/31/betty-white-reactions-death/ |url-status=live |access-date=January 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102103302/https://www.washingtonpost.com/arts-entertainment/2021/12/31/betty-white-reactions-death/ |archive-date=January 2, 2022 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> White's star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] was flooded with flowers and tributes within hours of the announcement of her death.<ref>{{cite web|last=Calabrese|first=Joe|url=https://www.foxla.com/news/hollywood-walk-of-fame-memorial-for-betty-white-scheduled-for-friday-afternoon|title=Hollywood Walk of Fame memorial for Betty White scheduled for Friday afternoon|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211231212338/https://www.foxla.com/news/hollywood-walk-of-fame-memorial-for-betty-white-scheduled-for-friday-afternoon|website=Fox 11|date=January 3, 2021|access-date=January 3, 2021|archive-date=December 31, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>
 
White's two California homes in Brentwood and [[Carmel-by-the-Sea, California|Carmel]] were sold in April and June 2022 respectively, with her personal belongings sold at [[auction]] that September and proceeds donated to several charities.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 3, 2022 |title=Betty White's longtime California home sells for nearly $10.7M |url=https://www.wivb.com/news/national/betty-whites-longtime-california-home-sells-for-nearly-10-7m/ |access-date=June 3, 2022 |website=News 4 Buffalo |archive-date=June 5, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220605021850/https://www.wivb.com/news/national/betty-whites-longtime-california-home-sells-for-nearly-10-7m/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Her estate also donated a substantial portion of her television memorabilia to the [[National Comedy Center]], including wardrobe pieces, annotated notes, and five of her Emmy Awards.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff |first=By News |date=September 14, 2022-09-14 |title=Betty White Collection Archived, On Display At The National Comedy Center |url=https://wnynewsnow.com/2022/09/14/betty-white-collection-archived-on-display-at-the-national-comedy-center/ |access-date=2022-09-September 15, 2022 |website=WNY News Now |language=en |archive-date=September 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220915153659/https://wnynewsnow.com/2022/09/14/betty-white-collection-archived-on-display-at-the-national-comedy-center/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
== Causes and advocacy ==
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According to the Los Angeles Zoo & Botanical Garden's ''ZooScape'' member newsletter, White hosted "History on Film" from 2000 to 2002. White donated nearly $100,000 to the zoo in the month of April 2008 alone.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 3, 2019 |title=Betty White |url=http://networthbuzz.com/betty-white-networth |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190909051204/http://networthbuzz.com/betty-white-networth |archive-date=September 9, 2019 |access-date=September 4, 2019 |website=networthbuzz.com}}</ref> White served as a judge at the 2011 [[American Humane]] Hero Dog Awards ceremony.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 28, 2011 |title=Betty White, Ewan McGregor, More To Judge New 'Hero Dog Awards' Show |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/betty-white-whoopi-goldberg_n_912039 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201144550/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/07/28/betty-white-whoopi-goldberg_n_912039.html |archive-date=February 1, 2014 |access-date=January 1, 2022 |website=HuffPost}}</ref>
 
White served as a judge alongside [[Whoopi Goldberg]] and [[Wendy Diamond]] for the [[American Humane]]'s Hero Dog Awards on the [[Hallmark Channel]] on November 8, 2011.<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 28, 2011 |title=Betty White, Ewan McGregor, More To Judge New 'Hero Dog Awards' Show |work=HuffPost |agency=Reuters |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/betty-white-whoopi-goldberg_n_912039 |url-status=live |access-date=December 31, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201144550/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/07/28/betty-white-whoopi-goldberg_n_912039.html |archive-date=February 1, 2014}}</ref>
 
===Racial equality===
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== Discography ==
In September 2011, White teamed up with English singer [[Luciana (singer)|Luciana]] to produce a remix of her song "[[I'm Still Hot]]". The song was released digitally on September 22 and the video later premiered on October 6.<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 22, 2011|title=I'm Still Hot (feat. Betty White) – Single by Luciana|url=https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/im-still-hot-feat.-betty-white/id467266185?i=467266201|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113223629/https://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/im-still-hot-feat.-betty-white/id467266185?i=467266201|archive-date=November 13, 2012|access-date=January 17, 2012|website=[[iTunes]]|publisher=Apple Inc.}}</ref> It was made for a campaign for a [[life settlement]] company, The Lifeline Program, and it is her only commercial single to date, peaking at number 1 on the [[Dance Club Songs]] chart. White has also covered songs on her live television shows, such as "[[Nevertheless I'm in Love with You]]", "[[It's a Good Day]]", "[[Getting to Know You (song)|Getting to Know You]]" and "A 'No' That Sounds like 'Yes'".<ref>{{Cite magazine|title=Betty White's 6 Best Musical Moments|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/betty-white-musical-moments-6502358/|url-status=live|magazine=Billboard|access-date=January 10, 2022|archive-date=January 10, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220110012041/https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/betty-white-musical-moments-6502358/}}</ref>
 
==Filmography==
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* Tucker, David C. (2007). ''The Women Who Made Television Funny: Ten Stars of 1950s Sitcoms''. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. {{ISBN|978-0-7864-2900-4}}
* {{Cite book |last=Armstrong |first=Jennifer |title=When women invented television: the untold story of the female powerhouses who pioneered the way we watch today |publisher=Harper, an imprint of HarperCollinsPublishers |year=2021 |isbn=978-0-06-297330-6 |publication-place=New York |oclc=1241185819}}
* {{cite book |last1=Bernstein |first1=Paula |title=How to Be Golden: Lessons We Can Learn from Betty White |date=5 October 5, 2021 |publisher=Running Press |isbn=978-0-7624-7460-8 |language=en}}
* {{cite book |last1=Stoner |first1=Andrew E. |title=Betty White: The First 90 Years |date=2012 |publisher=Blue River Press |isbn=978-1-935628-23-1 |language=en}}
 
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{{Spoken Wikipedia|Wiki Betty White.ogg|date=February 25, 2022}} <!-- please note that one sentence is missing and was left out by accident -->
{{Commons category|Betty White}}
 
* {{IMDb name|924508}}
* {{Tcmdb name}}
* {{Emmys person|betty-white}}
* {{The Interviews name|betty-white}}
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[[Category:21st-century American actresses]]
[[Category:21st-century American comedians]]
[[Category:Activists from California]]
[[Category:Actresses from Illinois]]
[[Category:Actresses from Los Angeles]]
[[Category:AnimalAmerican animal welfare workers]]
[[Category:American film actresses]]
[[Category:American game show hosts]]
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[[Category:American television actresses]]
[[Category:American voice actresses]]
[[Category:WomenAmerican women civil rights activists]]
[[Category:American women comedians]]
[[Category:American women in World War II]]
[[Category:American women memoirists]]
[[Category:American women singers]]
[[Category:Animal welfare workers]]
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[[Category:Audiobook narrators]]
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[[Category:Christians from California]]
[[Category:Christians from Illinois]]
[[Category:Comedians from California]]
[[Category:Comedians from Illinois]]
[[Category:ActivistsComedians from CaliforniaLos Angeles]]
[[Category:Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host winners]]
[[Category:Grammy Award winners]]
[[Category:Horace Mann School alumni]]
[[Category:American LGBTLGBTQ rights activists from California]]
[[Category:ComediansMilitary personnel from CaliforniaIllinois]]
[[Category:Musicians from Oak Park, Illinois]]
[[Category:Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series Screen Actors Guild Award winners]]
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[[Category:Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award]]
[[Category:Singers from Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Women civil rights activists]]
[[Category:Writers from Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Writers from Oak Park, Illinois]]
[[Category:Comedians from Los Angeles County]]