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{{History of Spain|image=[[Image:Glory of Spain by Tiepelo.jpg|180px]]|caption=[[Giovanni Battista Tiepolo|Tiepolo]]'s ''The Glory of Spain''}}
'''Habsburg Spain'''{{Efn|Contemporary historiographical term.}} refers to [[Spain]] and the [[Hispanic Monarchy (political entity)|Hispanic Monarchy]], also known as the Catholic Monarchy, in the period from 1516 to 1700 when it was ruled by kings from the [[House of Habsburg]]. It had territories around the world, including modern-day [[Spain]], a piece of [[Roussillon|south-eastern]] [[France]], eventually [[Portugal]] and many other lands outside the [[Iberian Peninsula]], including in the Americas and Asia. Habsburg Spain was a [[composite monarchy]] and a [[personal union]]. The Habsburg [[monarchy of Spain|Spanish monarchs]] of this period are
The Habsburg name was not continuously used by the family members, since they often emphasized their more prestigious princely titles. The dynasty was thus long known as the "House of Austria". Complementary, in some circumstances the family members were identified by their place of birth. [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles V]] was known in his youth after his birthplace as Charles of [[Ghent]]. When he became king of Spain he was known as Charles I of Spain, and after he was elected emperor, as Charles V (in French, ''Charles Quint''). In Spain, the dynasty was known as the ''[[:es:Casa de Austria|Casa de Austria]]'', including [[illegitimate]] sons such as [[John of Austria]] and [[John Joseph of Austria]]. The arms displayed in their simplest form were those of Austria, which the Habsburgs had made their own, at times impaled with the arms of the [[Duchy of Burgundy]] (ancient), as seen on the arms of John of Austria. Calling this era "Habsburg", is, to some extent, a convenience for historians.
The marriage of [[Isabella I of Castile]] and [[Ferdinand II of Aragon]] in 1469 resulted in the union of the two main crowns, Castile and Aragon, which eventually led to the ''[[de facto]]'' unification of Spain after the culmination of the ''[[Reconquista]]'' with the [[conquest of Granada]] in 1492 and of [[Spanish conquest of Iberian Navarre|Navarre]] in 1512 to 1529. Isabella and Ferdinand were bestowed the title of "[[Catholic Monarchs of Spain|Catholic King and Queen]]" by [[Pope Alexander VI]] in 1494.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kamen|first=H.|title=Spain 1469–1714: A Society of Conflict|date=2005|publisher=Routledge:Oxford|page=37}}</ref> With the Habsburgs, the term ''Monarchia Catholica'' (Catholic Monarchy, Modern Spanish: ''Monarquía Católica'') remained in use. Spain continued to be one of the greatest [[political]] and [[military]] powers in Europe and the world for much of the 16th and 17th centuries. During the Habsburg's period, Spain ushered in the [[Spanish Golden Age]] of arts and literature producing some of the world's most outstanding writers and painters and influential intellectuals, including [[Teresa of Ávila]], [[Pedro Calderón de la Barca]], [[Miguel de Cervantes]], [[Francisco de Quevedo]], [[Diego Velázquez]], [[El Greco]], [[Domingo de Soto]], [[Francisco Suárez]] and [[Francisco de Vitoria]].
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