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|locale = [[Paddington]]
|borough = [[City of Westminster]]
|platforms =
|access = Yes
|access_note = <ref>{{citation step free south east rail}}</ref>
|fare_zone = 1
|railcode = PAD
|railcode1 = QQP ([[IATA airport code|IATA]])
|dft_category = A
|image_name = Paddington Station GWR.jpg
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|interchange_note = <ref name="ReferenceA">{{Citation London station interchange May 2022}}</ref>
}}
'''Paddington''', also known as '''London Paddington''', is a [[London station group|London railway station]] and [[London Underground]] station complex, located on [[Praed Street]] in the [[Paddington]] area. The site has been the London terminus of services provided by the [[Great Western Railway]] and its successors since 1838. Much of the main line station dates from 1854 and was designed by [[Isambard Kingdom Brunel]]. As of the 2022–23 Office of Rail & Road Statistics, it is the second busiest station in the United Kingdom, after [[Liverpool Street station|London Liverpool Street]], with 59.2 million entries and exits.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/media/axnd1tyj/station-usage-2022-23-statistical-release.pdf|title=Office of Rail & Road Statistics 2022–23|access-date=22 March 2024}}</ref>
Paddington is the London terminus of the [[Great Western Main Line]]; passenger services are primarily operated by [[Great Western Railway (train operating company)|Great Western Railway]], which provides commuter and regional passenger services to west London and the [[Thames Valley]] region, as well as long-distance intercity services to [[South West England]] and [[South Wales]]. The station is also the eastern terminus for [[Heathrow Express]] and the western terminus for [[Elizabeth line]] services from [[Shenfield railway station|Shenfield]]. [[Elizabeth line]] services also run through Paddington westwards to [[Reading
The station has been perennially popular for passengers and goods, particularly milk and parcels. Major upgrades took place in the 1870s, the 1910s and the 1960s, each trying to add additional platforms and space while trying to preserve the existing services and architecture as much as possible. Paddington was first served by London Underground trains in 1863, as the original western terminus of the [[Metropolitan Railway]], the world's first underground railway. In the 20th century, suburban and commuter services appeared at Paddington as the [[urban sprawl]] of London moved westwards. Despite the numerous upgrades and rebuilding, plus damage sustained in particular during [[World War II]], Brunel's original design is still recognisable.
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==Location==
[[File:Paddington station location map.svg|thumb|left|240px|Station location map. The Paddington (underground) station marked here is the southern station on Praed Street.]]
The station complex is bounded at the front by [[Praed Street]] and at the rear by Bishop's Bridge Road, which crosses the station throat on [[Bishop's Bridge]]. On the west side of the station is Eastbourne Terrace, while the east side is bounded by the Paddington arm of the [[Grand Union Canal]]. The station is in a shallow cutting, a fact obscured at the front by a hotel building, but which can be clearly seen from the other three sides.<ref name="lbwpb">{{cite web |title=Paddington Station Planning Brief |publisher=
The surrounding area is partly residential, and includes the major [[St Mary's Hospital, London|St Mary's Hospital]], restaurants and hotels. Until recently there was little office accommodation in the area, and most commuters interchanged between [[National Rail]] and the [[London Underground]] to reach workplaces in the [[West End of London|West End]] or the [[City of London|City]]. However, recent redevelopment of derelict railway and canal land, marketed as [[Paddington Waterside]], has resulted in new office complexes nearby.<ref name=lbwpb/>{{sfn|Brindle|2004|pp=98–99}}
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The station had historically been criticised for very poor air quality inside the train shed; however, the replacement of diesel [[InterCity 125]] trains by bi-mode [[British Rail Class 800|Class 800]] and [[British Rail Class 802|802]] trains in the late 2010s improved air quality.<ref>{{Cite web|date=11 September 2015|title=Paddington Station air 'more polluted' than Marylebone Rd|url=https://airqualitynews.com/2015/09/11/paddington-station-air-more-polluted-than-marylebone-rd/|access-date=30 June 2020|website=Air Quality News}}</ref>
London Paddington has always been one of the busiest stations in the UK, and was ranked as the 8th busiest station in the United Kingdom during the 2016–17 period according to the Office of Rail & Road, with 36.6 million passengers during that period, and was placed between {{rws|Stratford}} and {{rws|London St Pancras International}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/media/1214/estimates-of-station-usage-2017-18-factsheet.pdf|title=Office of Rail & Road Statistics 2017–18|access-date=22 March 2024}}</ref> However, as a result of the opening of the [[Elizabeth Line]], alongside {{rws|London Liverpool Street}}, it has become far busier, and London Paddington had become the 2nd busiest station in the United Kingdom during the 2022–23 period, with 59.2 million total passengers, behind London Liverpool Street and ahead of {{rws|London Waterloo}}, the former busiest station.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dataportal.orr.gov.uk/media/axnd1tyj/station-usage-2022-23-statistical-release.pdf|title=Office of Rail & Road Statistics 2022–23|access-date=22 March 2024}}</ref>
==Services==
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Platform 14 is within the [[Metropolitan Railway]]'s old Bishop's Road (Suburban) station to the north-west. Immediately alongside are through platforms 15 and 16, used by the [[London Underground]]'s [[Hammersmith & City line|Hammersmith & City]] and [[Circle line (London Underground)|Circle]] lines.<ref name=nrpsg>{{cite web |url=http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations_destinations/pad.aspx |title=Paddington |publisher=[[Network Rail]] |access-date=3 September 2017}}</ref> The current operator, Great Western Railway, assigns numbers to the pocket timetables it publishes, and its services to Bath, Bristol, Weston-super-Mare and South Wales are in timetable number 1.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.firstgreatwestern.co.uk/Train-times-and-tickets/Train-times/Timetables-from-14-May-2012|access-date=4 August 2012|title=Current timetable}}</ref>
With the building of the Elizabeth line Paddington gained two more low level platforms numbered A and B. These are located underground in the Elizabeth line section of the station directly to the south west of the main concourse.
The concourse stretches across the heads of platforms 1 to 12, underneath the London end of the four train sheds. Platform 14 can only be reached indirectly via the north-western end of platform 12. A footbridge crosses the north-western end of the station and gives access to platforms 1–12 and 14. There are [[turnstile|ticket barriers]] to platforms 2–7 and 10–14.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://londonconnections.blogspot.com/2008/04/paddington-getting-ticket-gates.html |date=7 April 2008 |work=London Connections blog |title=Paddington getting ticket gates}}</ref>
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'''Great Western Railway'''
*1 tph [[
*2 tph [[Bristol Temple Meads railway station|Bristol Temple Meads]] with 1 tp2h continuing to [[Weston-super-Mare railway station|Weston-super-Mare]]
*2 tph [[Cardiff Central railway station|Cardiff Central]] with 1 tph carrying on to [[Swansea railway station|Swansea]]
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{{rail line|previous={{rws|Slough}}|route=[[Great Western Railway (train operating company)|Great Western Railway]]<br /><small>Commuter services<br />[[Great Western Main Line]]</small> |col={{FGW colour}} }}
|system4=Heathrow Express
|line4=Heathrow Express|left4=Heathrow Terminals 2 & 3|note-mid4=Heathrow Terminal
|system5=Elizabeth Line
|line5=Elizabeth|left5=Acton Main Line|right5=Bond Street|note-mid5=Abbey
|line6=Elizabeth|left6=Ealing Broadway|right6=Bond Street|note-mid6=Abbey
|line7=Elizabeth|left7=|right7=Bond Street|note-mid7=
|line8=Elizabeth|left8=Ealing Broadway|right8=Bond Street|to-left8=Heathrow Terminal 5|to-right8=Shenfield|note-mid8=Heathrow
|header9=Future Services
{{rail line |previous={{rws|Bristol Parkway}}|route=[[Grand Union (train operating company)|Grand Union]]<br /><small>[[Grand Union (train operating company)|
|header10=Historical railways
|note-row10=
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|line2=Bakerloo|left2=Warwick Avenue|right2=Edgware Road|note-right2=Deep tube station
|line3=Circle|left3=Bayswater|right3=Edgware Road|type3=section 6|note-right3=Subsurface station
|line4=District|left4=Bayswater|right4=Edgware Road|type4=Edgware|note-mid4=
|header5=[[Paddington tube station (Circle and Hammersmith & City lines)|Paddington (Bishop's Road)]]
|system6=London Underground
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==Elizabeth line station<span class="anchor" id="Elizabeth"></span>==
[[File:Paddington Pergola (52130213007).jpg|thumb|An entrance to the Elizabeth line station, with the canopy above]]
[[File:Paddington station Elizabeth Line 25th May 2022 41.jpg|thumb|Elizabeth line platforms|alt=A wide island platform, with glass platform edge doors at either side. There are purple roundels labelled Paddington and benches in the centre. The ceiling is concrete with large circular light fixtures.]]
As part of the [[Crossrail]] project, a new underground station was constructed on the site of the former taxi rank in Departures Road.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Paddington Crossrail Station |url= https://ramboll.com/projects/ruk/paddington-crossrail-station |access-date= 15 August 2020 |website=Ramboll Group |location= Copenhagen}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Paddington Station |url= http://www.crossrail.co.uk/route/stations/paddington/ |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101026030835/http://www.crossrail.co.uk/route/stations/paddington/ |url-status= dead |archive-date= 26 October 2010 |access-date= 15 August 2020 |publisher= Crossrail }}</ref> The platforms opened with the launch of the [[Elizabeth line]] on 24 May 2022.<ref name=":1" />
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Built using [[Station box|cut and cover]] construction, the [[station box]] is {{convert|23|m||abbr=on}} deep and {{convert|260|metres||abbr=on}} long.<ref>{{cite news |title=Paddington Crossrail contract signed |work=Rail |location=Peterborough |page=21 |date=10 August 2011}}</ref> As part of the construction of the station, the taxi rank was moved to the north side of the station,<ref>{{Cite press release |last=Whitcombe |first=Juliet |title=Paddington's new taxi rank opens |url= http://www.crossrail.co.uk/news/articles/paddingtons-new-taxi-rank-opens |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130620001611/http://www.crossrail.co.uk/news/articles/paddingtons-new-taxi-rank-opens |url-status= dead |archive-date= 20 June 2013 |date=13 February 2012 |access-date= 15 August 2020 |publisher=Crossrail }}</ref> and Eastbourne Terrace was closed in early 2012 for two years to allow construction of the station box to take place.<ref>{{Cite press release |last=Eleftheriou |first=Krista |date=14 February 2014 |title=Paddington's Eastbourne Terrace reopens to buses |url= http://www.crossrail.co.uk/news/articles/paddingtons-eastbourne-terrace-reopens-to-buses |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180403004648/http://www.crossrail.co.uk/news/articles/paddingtons-eastbourne-terrace-reopens-to-buses |url-status= dead |archive-date= 3 April 2018 |access-date=15 August 2020 |publisher=Crossrail}}</ref>
The station was designed by [[Weston Williamson]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 August 2020 |title= Paddington Elizabeth Line Station |url= https://www.westonwilliamson.com/projects/paddington-elizabeth-line-station |access-date=15 August 2020 |publisher=Weston Williamson + Partners |location= London}}</ref> with a {{convert|90|metres||abbr=on}} clear opening into the underground station covered by a {{convert|120|metres||abbr=on}} long by {{convert|23|metres||abbr=on}} wide glass canopy. Artwork of [[cloud formations]] by the artist [[Spencer Finch]] has been digitally printed onto the glass canopy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Artwork at Paddington |url= http://www.crossrail.co.uk/route/art-on-crossrail/artwork-at-paddington |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190901091750/http://www.crossrail.co.uk/route/art-on-crossrail/artwork-at-paddington |url-status= dead |archive-date= 1 September 2019 |access-date=15 August 2020 |publisher=Crossrail }}</ref> The station was awarded a [[Civic Trust Awards|Civic Trust Award]] in 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 Civic Trust Award Winners |url=https://www.civictrustawards.org.uk/uploads/2023_Civic_Trust_Awards_Winners.pdf |access-date=1 April 2023 |website=Civic Trust Awards |page=4 |quote=}}</ref>
In the [[History of the Crossrail line|1990s proposals for Crossrail]], the station was to be built in the same location on Eastbourne Terrace but would have been designed by the architect [[Will Alsop]] with a similar canopy-based design.<ref>{{Cite news |date=20 July 1994 |title=Architecture: Colourful ideas of wilful Will |url= http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/art/news/architecture-colourful-ideas-of-wilful-will-1415088.html |access-date=15 August 2020 |newspaper=The Independent |location= London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1 May 2003 |title=End of the line for Alsop as Crossrail picks John McAslan |url= http://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/archive/end-of-the-line-for-alsop-as-crossrail-picks-john-mcaslan |access-date=15 August 2020 |work=Architects' Journal |location= London}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |author= Alsop and Störmer Architects |title=Selected and current works |year=1999 |publisher=Images Pub. Group |isbn=1-86470-001-7 |location=Mulgrave, Vic. |pages=100|oclc=42213362}}</ref>
Like all Elizabeth line stations, the station has been built to be fully accessible, with lifts and step-free access. An underground connecting passage between the [[Paddington tube station (Bakerloo, Circle and District lines)|Bakerloo line]] platforms and the [[Elizabeth line]] platforms has been built.<ref>{{Cite press release |date=6 January 2015 |title=TfL confirms contractor for Bakerloo line link |url= https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-releases/2015/january/tfl-confirm-contractor-for-bakerloo-line-li |access-date=15 August 2020 |publisher=[[Transport for London]]}}</ref>
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|line6=Elizabeth|left6=Ealing Broadway|right6=Bond Street|to-left6=Reading|to-right6=Abbey Wood
|line7=Elizabeth|left7=Acton Main Line|right7=Bond Street|to-left7=Heathrow|to-right7=Abbey Wood
|line8=Elizabeth|left8
}}
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==External links==
{{Commons category|Paddington station}}
* [
* [http://www.livedepartureboards.co.uk/ldb/summary.aspx?T=PAD Train times] and [http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/PAD/details.html station information] for Paddington railway station from [[National Rail]] (Station code: PAD)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20150414174943/http://www.networkrail.co.uk/virtualarchive/paddington-station/ Paddington Station] (Virtual Archive from Network Rail)
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