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{{Short description|Second
{{For|the fabulous metal mentioned in the ancient writings of Plato on the legend of Atlantis|Orichalcum}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{advert|date=June 2018}}
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| predecessor = Norddeutsche Affinerie, [[Cumerio]]
| area_served = Europe, USA, Asia
| key_people = Roland Harings
| industry = [[Metals]] and [[Mining]]
| products = [[Copper extraction techniques|Copper extraction]], [[recycling]] of copper and [[precious metal]]s, [[manufacturing|manufactured]] copper products
| revenue =
| operating_income =
| net_income =
| assets =
| equity =
| num_employees = 6,913 <small>(September 30, 2022)</small>
| divisions =
| subsid =
| foundation =
| location_city = [[Hamburg]]
| location_country = [[Germany]]
| locations = [[Germany]], [[Belgium]], [[Bulgaria]], [[United States
| homepage = [http://www.aurubis.com/ Aurubis.com]
}}
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[[File:Aurubis Sites.jpg|thumb|The sites of Aurubis AG]]
'''Aurubis AG''' (formerly Norddeutsche Affinerie AG) is a global supplier of [[Non-ferrous metal|non-ferrous metals]] and one of the world's largest copper recyclers. The company processes complex metal concentrates, [[scrap]], organic and inorganic metal-bearing recycling materials, and industrial residues into metals. Aurubis produces more than 1 million tons of copper [[Cathode|cathodes]] per year, and from these, a variety of products, such as wire rods, continuous cast shapes, profiles, and flat rolled products in copper and copper alloys. Aurubis also produces a range of other metals, including precious metals such as [[selenium]], [[lead]], [[nickel]], [[tin]], and [[zinc]]. The portfolio includes other products, such as sulfuric acid and iron silicate.
Following Norddeutsche Affinerie AG's acquisition of the Belgian copper producer Cumerio on February 18, 2008, the company was renamed Aurubis on April 1, 2009.
Aurubis has about 6,900 employees, European and USA production sites, and a worldwide sales network.
Aurubis shares are listed in the [[Prime Standard]] Segment of the [[German Stock Exchange]], the [[MDAX]], the [[Global Challenges Index]] (GCX), and the [[STOXX Europe 600]].
== History ==
Aurubis names the company ‘Beit, Marcus und Salomon Gold- und Silberscheider’ (‘Beit, Marcus und Salomon Gold and Silver Parting’) in the Elbstrasse in Hamburg as its predecessor. It was first mentioned in the Hamburg merchant almanac in 1783, but Marcus Salomon Beit was already permitted to build a silver parting and smelting furnace in Hamburg in 1770. As time went on, the company did not only smelt coins and [[precious metal]] alloys but also silver ores, so a shift of production towards ore smelting occurred. After 1830, Hamburg ship owners started to ship copper ore on the emigration ships when they returned to Germany from North and South America and sometimes Australia. In 1846, the ‘Elbkupferwerk’ was founded on the river Elbe's island [[Steinwerder]] in cooperation with Johann Cesar Godeffroy and Siegmund Robinow.
The economic recovery led to the foundation of the ‘Elbhütten Affinerie- und Handelsgesellschaft’ in 1856, which merged the Elbkupferwerk with the Beit Gold and Silver Parting company. Delivery and smelting of copper and silver ores were processed in Steinwerder; the Elbstrasse site oversaw the processing by ‘affination’ in smelters and the sale of the products. The annual copper production amounted to 3,000 tonnes. On 28 April 1866, Norddeutsche Affinerie was founded as a stock corporation with the participation of [[Norddeutsche Bank]] and Allgemeine Deutsche Kreditanstalt.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aurubis.com/en/corporate-group/history/ |title=History of the company|access-date=March 23, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120201085739/http://www.aurubis.com/en/corporate-group/history/ |archive-date=February 1, 2012 }}</ref>
Copper has been produced at the ‘Peute,’ an industrial area of the Hamburg district Veddel, since 1910. The production plants occupy large parts of the industrial area.
Following the Nazi seizure of power in 1933, the Jewish members of the management board Richard Merton, Julius Levisohn, and [[Heinrich Wohlwill]] were forced to step down.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Aurubis AG|url=https://www.aurubis.com/binaries/content/assets/aurubis-en/dateien/jubilee/cu_150.0_engl_einzelseiten.pdf|title=Cu 150.0 : Tradition - Expertise - Innovation ; 1866-2016 : the history of the Copper Group : 150 years of the future : Aurubis|publisher=August Dreesbach Verlag|year=2016|isbn=978-3-944334-71-4|location=München|oclc=953968198}}</ref>{{rp|39}} The Norddeutsche Affinerie profited from increased public investment and expanded its business significantly. By 1939, the company had provided nearly half the German copper demand and employed 1450 people.<ref name=":0" />{{rp|37}} In the aftermath of the [[Kristallnacht|November pogroms]], the company took part in processing gold that was extorted from Jewish owners.<ref name=":0" />{{rp|39–40}} In 1939, Wilhelm Avieny of [[Metallgesellschaft]] and Hermann Schlosser, CEO of [[Degussa]], were appointed to leading positions on the supervisory board of Norddeutsche Affinerie. Both were early supporters of the [[Nazi Party|NSDAP]] and linked to Nazi politics due to the importance of their respective companies.<ref name=":0" />{{rp|39}} During World War II, Norddeutsche Affinerie was an essential supplier to the munitions industry and used [[Forced labour under German rule during World War II|forced labor]] to maintain production. At its peak in July 1944, 806 out of 1900 employees were forced laborers.<ref name=":0" />{{rp|41}}
Norddeutsche Affinerie took over 91% of the Belgium copper producer [[Cumerio]] on 18 February 2008 after a lengthy dispute with the Austrian A-TEC Industries. A squeeze-out completed the acquisition of Cumerio on 15 April 2008.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.manager-magazin.de/finanzen/artikel/0,2828,547537,00.html |title=Squeeze-out: Cumerio verlässt die Börse |magazine=[[Manager Magazin]] |date=2008-04-15 |access-date=2015-08-02}}</ref>
In May 2023, a serious industrial accident occurred at Aurubis's primary copper smelter plant in Hamburg. Following a nitrogen leak during regular maintenance, three fatalities were reported.<ref>{{cite web |last=Taylor |first=Brian|title=Aurubis incident in Germany causes three fatalities |url=https://recyclingtoday.com/news/aurubis-fatalities-hamburg-germany-copper-nitrogen-leak/ |access-date=10 May 2023}}</ref>
== Activities ==
[[File:Cu-Scheibe.JPG|thumb|left|Cross section of an Aurubis copper [[Billet (manufacturing)|billet]] produced by [[continuous casting]]: radial crystallite structure revealed after [[Industrial etching|etching]].]]
The core business is the production of copper cathodes from copper concentrates, scrap, and
The company was
== Shareholder structure ==
Aurubis shares belong to the [[Prime Standard]] segment of the German Stock Exchange ([[Deutsche Börse]]) and are included in the [[MDAX]], [[STOXX Europe 600]], and Global Challenges Index ([[:de:Global_Challenges_Index|GCX]]). With a share of 29.99 % of the Company's capital stock, [[Salzgitter AG]] is Aurubis' anchor investor. As of 2024, [[Dirk Roßmann]]'s family holds more than 5%, the remaining of the voting shares are considered [[free float]]. Shares of all shareholders subject to reporting requirements see table:
{| class="wikitable"
!Share
(in percent)
!Shareholders<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2022-07-17|title=BaFin - bedeutende Stimmrechtsanteile nach § 39 des Wertpapierhandelsgesetzes (WpHG)|url=https://portal.mvp.bafin.de/database/AnteileInfo/aktiengesellschaft.do?cmd=zeigeAktiengesellschaft&id=40001577}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
|-
|29,99<ref>{{cite web|access-date=2022-07-17|pages=48|title=Geschäftsbericht 2021 – Konzernlagebericht und Lagebericht der Salzgitter AG|url=https://www.salzgitter-ag.com/fileadmin/finanzberichte/2021/gb2021/de/downloads/szag-gb2021-gesamt.pdf}}<!-- auto-translated by Module:CS1 translator --></ref>
|[[:en:Salzgitter_AG|Salzgitter AG]]
|-
|3,17
|[[:en:BlackRock|BlackRock]] Inc.
|-
|4,4
|''Dimension Holdings Inc.''
|}
Status: October 4, 2022
==Environmental protection==
Environmental and climate protection are among the key targets of
Aurubis, formerly Norddeutsche Affinerie, is considered to be the biggest heavy metal emitter in northern Germany.
In the early 1980s, arsenic and cadmium, in particular, were shown to be present in the wastewater discharge and in the stacks’ exhaust air.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.handelsblatt.com/archiv/aktie-unter-der-lupe-die-norddeutsche-affinerie-hat-guten-draht-zu-analysten/2092014.html |title=Aktie unter der Lupe: Die Norddeutsche Affinerie hat guten Draht zu Analysten |publisher=Handelsblatt.com |date=2001-08-22 |access-date=2015-08-02|language=de}}</ref>
In August 2020, Aurubis signed a contract with the Norwegian mining company Nussir ASA. The company plans to mine about 2 million tons of ore annually over the next 15 years. Several environmental and human rights organizations have criticized the project.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aurubis.com/binaries/content/assets/aurubisrelaunch/files/hauptversammlung/2021/gegenantraege-2021_en.pdf |title=Countermotions for the (virtual) Annual General Meeting on February 11, 2021 in Hamburg |website=www.aurubis.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210502085910/https://www.aurubis.com/binaries/content/assets/aurubisrelaunch/files/hauptversammlung/2021/gegenantraege-2021_en.pdf |archive-date=2021-05-02}}</ref> In the [[Society for Threatened Peoples|Society for Threatened Peoples (STP)]] statement, the problem is expressed as follows: "The [[Sami People|Sami]], who keep reindeer herds in the region of the future Nussir mine, are against new copper mining projects. From their point of view, the plans are to be seen as a violation of their right to free, prior, informed consent. Thus, Aurubis should not fulfill its copper contract with Nussir without the express consent of the Sami reindeer herders. Nils Utsi, chairman of the Repparfjord reindeer herders: The mine is in our animals' delivery room. If it is put into operation, we will lose our herds."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gfbv.de/en/news/hauptversammlung-des-kupferkonzerns-aurubis0-10444/|title = Annual general meeting of copper group Aurubis}}</ref> In August 2021, Aurubis terminated the contract due to these issues.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aurubis.com/en/media/press-releases/press-releases-2021/aurubis-and-nussir-terminate-memorandum-of-understanding-regarding-future-concentrate-supply|title = Aurubis and Nussir terminate memorandum of understanding regarding future concentrate supply|website=www.aurubis.com}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
* {{Cite web|url=https://www.aurubis.com/en/en/corp/about-aurubis/company/management|title=Aurubis Management|website=www.aurubis.com|access-date=2017-02-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170106043057/https://www.aurubis.com/en/en/corp/about-aurubis/company/management|archive-date=2017-01-06|url-status=dead}}
==External links==
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* {{PM20|FID=co/017155|TEXT=Documents and clippings about|NAME=Norddeutsche Affinerie AG}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:Metal companies of Belgium]]
[[Category:Copper]]
[[Category:
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