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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{short description|Commune in Corsica, France}}
{{Expand French|topic=geo|date=January 2009|Porto-Vecchio}}
Line 5 ⟶ 6:
|name = Porto-Vecchio
|commune status = [[Communes of France|Commune]]
|native name = {{native name|co|Portivechju}}
|image coat of arms = Blason ville fr Porto-Vecchio (Corse-du-Sud).svg
|image = Port-Porto-vecchio.jpg
|caption = A view of Porto-Vecchio, looking across the Gulf of Porto-Vecchio, with the marina in the foreground and the ferry pier beyond
|region = Corsica
|department = Southern Corsica
|arrondissement = Sartène
|canton = [[Canton of Bavella|Bavella]] and [[Canton of Grand Sud|Grand Sud]]
|INSEE = 2A247
|postal code = 20137
|mayor = Jean-Christophe Angelini<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|website=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=2 December 2020|language=fr}}</ref>
|mayor = Georges Mela ({{lang-co|Giorgiu Mela}})
|term = 2014–20202020&ndash;2026
|intercommunality =
|coordinates = {{coord|41.5917|9.2803|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
Line 26 ⟶ 25:
|population date = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
|population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
|population demonym = {{native name|fr|Porto-Vecchiais}}<br/>{{native name|co|portivechjacciu}}
}}
 
'''Porto-Vecchio''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|p|ɔːr|t|əoʊ|_|ˈ|v|ɛ|k|i|oʊ}};, {{IPA-|fr|pɔʁto vekjo|lang}}; {{lang-it|Porto Vecchio}} or {{lang|it|Portovecchio}}, {{IPA-|it|ˈpɔrto ˈvɛkkjoˌpɔrtoˈvɛkkjo|pron}}; {{lang-co|Portivechju}}, {{IPA-co|ˌportiˈbecu|pron}} or {{lang|co|Portivecchju}}) is a [[Communescommunes of France|commune]] in the [[Southern Corsica]] [[Departmentsdepartments of France|French department]] of [[FranceCorse-du-Sud]], on the island of [[Corsica]].
 
It is the seat of the canton of Porto-Vecchio, which it shares with [[Sari-Solenzara]], [[Conca, Corse-du-Sud|Conca]] and [[Lecci]]. Porto-Vecchio is a medium-sized port city placed on a good harbor, the southernmost of the marshy and alluvial east side of Corsica. TheIt inhabitantsis arethe calledseat ''Porto-Vecchiais''of intwo French,cantons: [[Canton of Bavella|Bavella]] and ''Portivechjacciu''[[Canton inof CorsicanGrand Sud|Grand Sud]].<ref name=decret>[http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do?cidTexte=JORFTEXT000028658302 Décret n° 2014-229 du 24 février 2014 portant délimitation des cantons dans le département de la Corse-du-Sud]</ref>
 
==Geography==
{{Historical populations
|align=left
| 1800|1241
| 1806|1438
| 1821|1298
| 1831|1738
| 1836|2007
| 1841|2015
| 1846|2071
| 1851|1971
| 1856|2117
| 1861|2290
| 1866|2203
| 1872|1811
| 1876|2636
| 1881|2655
| 1886|2844
| 1891|3018
| 1896|3195
| 1901|3353
| 1906|3512
| 1911|3929
| 1921|4242
| 1926|4743
| 1931|4746
| 1936|5304
| 1946|3339
| 1954|5091
| 1962|4494
| 1968|5148
| 1975|7510
| 1982|8095
| 1990|9307
| 1999|10326
| 2008|11388
| 2013|11574
| 2015|12056
}}
The canton of Porto-Vecchio has a population of about 12,900 living in four communes making up a total of {{convert|34787|ha}}. It is divided in two by the commune of [[Zonza]], which holds a section of the coast around the Gulf of Pinarellu. Porto-Vecchio has two communes to the north, [[Sari-Solenzara]] and [[Conca, Corse-du-Sud|Conca]], and two to the south, Porto-Vecchio and [[Lecci]].<ref name=tresor>{{cite web|title=France, le trésor des régions: Département: Corse-du-Sud|url=http://tresordesregions.mgm.fr/Mdir.php?p=cant.php&region=94&cl=|accessdate=2008-05-06|language=fr}}.</ref>
 
The commune of Porto-Vecchio is {{convert|64|km|sp=us}} east of [[Sartène]]. The north shore of the gulf has many resorts, such as Benedettu, Marina di Fiori, and others of the commune of [[Lecci]]. The east coast, a shore with cliffs, is less habitable; beyond Chiappa Point (a naturist site) the coast goes southwest to the border of [[Bonifacio, Corse-du-Sud|Bonifacio]] commune.
 
Off the southeast shore are the four îles Cerbicale (seldom shown on the map but visible from satellite photographs), protected by a nature reserve of {{convert|36|ha}}, which are part of the larger reserve of Bouches de Bonifacio ("Straits of Bonifacio"; see under [[Bonifacio, Corse-du-Sud|Bonifacio]]). From north to south are: Forana; Maestro Maria, the smallest; Piana, the largest, which ascends to {{convert|36|m|sp=us}} and Pietrocaggiosa a little more distant.
 
Hills to the northwest are included in the national park; the village of Ospedale there probably takes its name and origin from a large ancient hospital of the Roman era. It never lost that function but continues as a health center employing about 150 people. Nearby is a reservoir, the Lac de l'Ospedale, created with a dam at the foot of punta di Corbu in the forest of Ospedale. These hills culminate at the {{convert|1314|m|sp=us}} "peak of the dead cow" (punta di a Vacca Morta).
 
==Ecology==
The heights of Ospedale (or Spedale in earlier literature) are noted for their forest of [[European Black Pine|Corsican Pine]]. Between them and the coast extends a plain drained by the Stabacciu, which flows into the end of the Gulf of Porto through salt marshes, where [[Cork Oak]] and [[Eucalyptus]] grow. These marshes were a barrier between the Roman settlements along the Via Corsicana of the eastern plain and the Roman ports of the south. Some marshland was filled to make the modern city and commercial [[Salt evaporation pond|salt pan]]s were constructed on other parts (from which the commercialized slogan "city of salt"); the rest remains. Crossed by Highway N198 south, it is no longer a barrier.
 
==Facilities==
[[File:2A 40 Porto-Vecchio.PNG|thumb|upright|Map of Porto-Vecchio (blue) within Sartène (grey)]]
Porto-Vecchio is easily accessed through [[Figari]]Sud Corse Airport, which is {{convert|24|km|sp=us}} away. It has a public high school and two community colleges, a private hospital of 107 beds, a medical school, a cork industry and extensive tourist facilities. The port includes moorings for 450 small craft, commercial facilities and a ferry station. The population expands to 50,000 in the summer, predominantly Italian. The beaches are well-populated, especially Palombaggia Beach {{convert|3|km|0|sp=us}} to the south-east. In 1983 it acquired a Film Institute, which organizes an annual film festival.<ref name=tresor/>
 
==Politics==
List of recent mayors:
* Since March 2004 Georges Mela
* 1997–2004 Camille de Rocca Serra ([[Union for a Popular Movement|UMP]])
* –1997 Jean-Paul de Rocca Serra ([[Rally for the Republic|RPR]])
 
==Prehistory==
Line 108 ⟶ 48:
Porto-Vecchio is placed in a region that in earlier times was marshy and suffered greatly from [[malaria]]; however, the anchorage for a port is excellent. The name means "Old Port", which may refer to the Roman port that left traces in the vicinity. Subsequently, the region was more or less abandoned because of the malarial marshes but became part of a large Christian parish.<ref name=tresor/> The city was refounded in 1539 by the [[Bank of Saint George]] at [[Genoa]] on a {{convert|70|m|sp=us}} hill overlooking the gulf. They already had a presence in [[Bastia]].<ref>{{cite book|pages=281–282|title=The Rough Guide to Corsica|first=David|last=Abram|author2=Geoffrey Young |author3=Theo Taylor |author4= Nia Williams |isbn=1-84353-047-3|publisher=Rough Guides|year=2003|location=London}}</ref>
 
The Genoese were careful to preserve the Roman port within the walls, which are trapezoidal and enclose the main square, place de la République, near the church, Église St.-Jean Baptiste.{{cn|date=September 2024}} The Genoese intended a colonia, or replacement of the population, but [[malaria]] soon assassinatedkilled most of the Genoese settlers. Another colony in 1546 suffered the same fate and subsequently the colony became a conurbation instead.{{cn|date=September 2024}}
 
[[Sempiero Corso]] occupied the city for a few months in 1564.{{cn|date=September 2024}}
 
Some of the population began to return with the drainage projects instituted under the [[Second French Empire|Second Empire]], but they were minimally successful. [[World War II]] brought the presence of allies who were determined to eradicate malaria for the health of all concerned, but especially the soldiers and airmen. Through drainage, filling and spraying they succeeded, making the region newly attractive because less pestilential. The current population derives from an expansion that started about 1950.<ref name=tresor/>
 
<!--==FoodsGeography==
The commune of Porto-Vecchio is {{convert|64|km|sp=us}} east of [[Sartène]]. The north shore of the gulf has many resorts, such as Benedettu, Marina di Fiori, and others of the commune of [[Lecci]]. The east coast, a shore with cliffs, is less habitable; beyond Chiappa Point (a naturist site) the coast goes southwest to the border of [[Bonifacio, Corse-du-Sud|Bonifacio]] commune. The commune has an area of {{cvt|168.65|km2}}, of which {{cvt|120.70|km2}} is forest.<ref name=tresor>{{cite web|title=France, le trésor des régions: Porto-Vecchio|url=http://tresordesregions.mgm.fr/Mdir3.php?p=epci.php&lepci=PortoVecchio&region=94|access-date=19 July 2022|language=fr}}.</ref>
Corsican gastronomy is rich and varied. Many of food are seasonal like clementines or [[citrus]], which need much sun to be developed. In fact, Corsica is the only region of France producing this variety of oranges, around 25,000 tonnes per year and 40% of this production comes from Porto-Vecchio or its area. This fruit is very famous for its freshness and the vitamins which it brings. Another fruit very significant in Corsica and in particular in Porto-Vecchio is the [[chestnut]] because they are used in many Corsican dishes and in many ways. For example, it is used to make bread or crepe. But Corsica is reputed for its charcuterie too. You can find a lot of various pork specialities like ''coppa'', ''lonzu'' or ''prizuttu'', which one is similar to a [[parma ham]] but the most famous is ''[[figatelli]]'', which is smoked. A very good complement to charcuterie is cheese and Corsica has a lot of famous cheeses too. Most of cheeses are made by the shepherds themselves around the mountains and the most typical cheese is called ''[[brocciu]]'', which is prepared with sheeps milk, and you can find this one easily near Porto-Vecchio. Moreover, in this area, the cheeses are often pressed and have dry crusts. Of course, to accompany these delights, Corsican wine is necessary and Porto-Vecchio contains three small producers of rosé wine which will be perfectly appropriate.-->
 
Off the southeast shore are the four îles Cerbicale (seldom shown on the map but visible from satellite photographs), protected by a nature reserve of {{convert|36|ha}}, which are part of the larger reserve of Bouches de Bonifacio ("Straits of Bonifacio"; see under [[Bonifacio, Corse-du-Sud|Bonifacio]]). From north to south are: Forana; Maestro Maria, the smallest; Piana, the largest, which ascends to {{convert|36|m|sp=us}} and Pietrocaggiosa a little more distant.
== Transport ==
 
Hills to the northwest are included in the national park; the village of Ospedale there probably takes its name and origin from a large ancient hospital of the Roman era. It never lost that function but continues as a health center employing about 150 people. Nearby is a reservoir, the Lac de l'Ospedale, created with a dam at the foot of punta di Corbu in the forest of Ospedale. These hills culminate at the {{convert|1314|m|sp=us}} "peak of the dead cow" (punta di a Vacca Morta).
This town is a terminus of a branch line of the now closed [[metre gauge]] Corsican Railways, which junctioned off the main system at [[Casamozza]].
 
== See also =Climate===
Porto-Vecchio has a [[hot-summer mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Csa''). The average annual temperature in Porto-Vecchio is {{cvt|17.5|C}}. The average annual rainfall is {{cvt|599.4|mm}} with November as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around {{cvt|26.1|C}}, and lowest in February, at around {{cvt|10.8|C}}. The highest temperature ever recorded in Porto-Vecchio was {{cvt|41.0|C}} on 11 July 1968; the coldest temperature ever recorded was {{cvt|-2.9|C}} on 10 February 1986.
* [[Railway stations in Corsica#Closed|Former railway station]]
{{Weather box
|location= Porto-Vecchio (La Chiappa) (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1932−present)
|metric first= Y
|single line= Y
|Jan record high C = 23.4
|Feb record high C = 25.8
|Mar record high C = 27.0
|Apr record high C = 27.6
|May record high C = 31.6
|Jun record high C = 38.4
|Jul record high C = 41.0
|Aug record high C = 40.7
|Sep record high C = 36.0
|Oct record high C = 31.5
|Nov record high C = 26.2
|Dec record high C = 25.0
|year record high C = 41.0
|Jan high C = 13.9
|Feb high C = 14.1
|Mar high C = 16.1
|Apr high C = 18.5
|May high C = 22.6
|Jun high C = 27.0
|Jul high C = 30.2
|Aug high C = 30.6
|Sep high C = 26.6
|Oct high C = 22.6
|Nov high C = 18.0
|Dec high C = 14.9
|year high C = 21.3
|Jan mean C = 10.9
|Feb mean C = 10.8
|Mar mean C = 12.5
|Apr mean C = 14.8
|May mean C = 18.5
|Jun mean C = 22.6
|Jul mean C = 25.6
|Aug mean C = 26.1
|Sep mean C = 22.7
|Oct mean C = 19.1
|Nov mean C = 14.9
|Dec mean C = 12.0
|year mean C = 17.5
|Jan low C = 7.8
|Feb low C = 7.4
|Mar low C = 9.0
|Apr low C = 11.0
|May low C = 14.5
|Jun low C = 18.2
|Jul low C = 21.0
|Aug low C = 21.6
|Sep low C = 18.7
|Oct low C = 15.6
|Nov low C = 11.9
|Dec low C = 9.0
|year low C = 13.8
|Jan record low C = -2.0
|Feb record low C = -2.9
|Mar record low C = -0.2
|Apr record low C = 3.3
|May record low C = 1.1
|Jun record low C = 9.6
|Jul record low C = 12.2
|Aug record low C = 12.0
|Sep record low C = 10.8
|Oct record low C = 5.4
|Nov record low C = 1.2
|Dec record low C = 0.0
|year record low C = -2.9
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 66.1
|Feb precipitation mm = 49.9
|Mar precipitation mm = 57.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 62.2
|May precipitation mm = 39.1
|Jun precipitation mm = 20.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 6.2
|Aug precipitation mm = 13.8
|Sep precipitation mm = 49.3
|Oct precipitation mm = 73.6
|Nov precipitation mm = 84.8
|Dec precipitation mm = 76.2
|year precipitation mm = 599.4
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 7.4
|Feb precipitation days = 6.5
|Mar precipitation days = 6.4
|Apr precipitation days = 6.7
|May precipitation days = 4.4
|Jun precipitation days = 2.5
|Jul precipitation days = 1.0
|Aug precipitation days = 1.9
|Sep precipitation days = 4.9
|Oct precipitation days = 7.0
|Nov precipitation days = 9.2
|Dec precipitation days = 7.9
|year precipitation days = 65.9
|source 1 = Météo-France<ref>{{cite web
|url= https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/FichesClim/FICHECLIM_20247001.pdf
|title= Fiche climatologique - La Chiappa (20)
|publisher= [[Météo-France]]
|access-date= April 20, 2024}}
</ref>}}
 
== References Demographics==
{{Historical populations
* [http://www.insee.fr/en/home/home_page.asp INSEE]
|align = none
{{reflist}}
|cols = 2
|percentages = pagr
|source = EHESS<ref name=ehess>{{Cassini-Ehess|27683|Porto-Vecchio}}</ref> and INSEE (1968-2017)<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-2A247#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE</ref>
|graph-pos = bottom
|1800 |1241
|1806 |1438
|1821 |1298
|1831 |1738
|1836 |2007
|1841 |2015
|1846 |2071
|1851 |1971
|1856 |2117
|1861 |2290
|1866 |2203
|1872 |1811
|1876 |2636
|1881 |2655
|1886 |2844
|1891 |3018
|1896 |3195
|1901 |3353
|1906 |3512
|1911 |3929
|1921 |4242
|1926 |4743
|1931 |4746
|1936 |5304
|1946 |3339
|1954 |5091
|1962 |4494
|1968 |5148
|1975 |7510
|1982 |8095
|1990 |9307
|1999 |10326
|2007 |11326
|2012 |10064
|2017 |12042
}}
 
==Ecology==
{{unreferencedsect|date=September 2024}}
[[File:Magic moments, Corsica.jpg|thumb|350px|Islets off Palombaggia Beach, Corsica, 2005]]
The heights of Ospedale (or Spedale in earlier literature) are noted for their forest of [[European Black Pine|Corsican Pine]]. Between them and the coast extends a plain drained by the Stabacciu, which flows into the end of the [[Gulf of Porto]] through salt marshes, where [[Cork Oak]] and [[Eucalyptus]] grow. These marshes were a barrier between the Roman settlements along the Via Corsicana of the eastern plain and the Roman ports of the south. Some marshland was filled to make the modern city and commercial [[Salt evaporation pond|salt pan]]s were constructed on other parts (from which the commercialized slogan "city of salt"); the rest remains. Crossed by Highway N198 south, it is no longer a barrier.
 
==Facilities==
Porto-Vecchio is easily accessed through [[Figari–Sud Corse Airport]], which is {{convert|24|km|sp=us}} away. It has a public high school and two community colleges, a private hospital of 107 beds, a medical school, a cork industry and extensive tourist facilities. The port includes moorings for 450 small craft, commercial facilities and a ferry station. The population expands to 50,000 in the summer, predominantly Italian. The beaches are well-populated, especially Palombaggia Beach {{convert|3|km|0|sp=us}} to the south-east. In 1983 it acquired a Film Institute, which organizes an annual film festival.<ref name=tresor/>
 
==Politics==
List of recent mayors:
* Since March 2004 Georges Mela
* 1997–2004 Camille de Rocca Serra ([[Union for a Popular Movement|UMP]])
* –1997 Jean-Paul de Rocca Serra ([[Rally for the Republic|RPR]])
 
== Transport ==
 
This town is a terminus of a branch line of the now closed [[metre gauge]] Corsican Railways, which junctioned off the main system at [[Casamozza]].
 
==Gallery==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="240px" >
Image:Porto-Vecchio bastion.jpg|The bastion
Image:Porto-Vecchio église St-Jean-Baptiste 1.jpg|Église St-Jean-Baptiste
Image:Marais Salants Porto Vecchio.jpg|Salt pans
 
Image:Porto-Vecchio port de commerce.jpg|Ferry
</gallery>
 
== See also ==
* [[Railway stations in Corsica#Closed|Former railway station]]
 
== References ==
{{reflist}}
 
==External links==
{{Commons category|Porto-Vecchio}}
{{Corse-du-Sud communes}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.portovecchio.net|title=guide de porto-Vecchio - site officiel|accessdate=2008-05-22|language=fr|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20010706112000/http://www.portovecchio.net/|archivedate=2001-07-06}}
* {{Official website}}
 
{{Authority control}}
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