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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}}
[[File:2015 Mazda MX-5 ND 2.0 SKYACTIV-G 160 i-ELOOP Rubinrot-Metallic Vorderansicht.jpg|thumb|[[Mazda MX-5]], one of the world's best-selling sports cars<ref>{{cite web |url= http://wot.motortrend.com/mazda-produces-900000th-mx-5-recognized-worlds-best-selling-sports-car-28207.html |title=Mazda Produces 900,000th MX-5, Recognized as World's Best-Selling Sports Car |last=Diehlman |first=Steve |date=4 February 2011 |work=Motor Trend |quote=Today Mazda announced a new milestone for the popular MX-5 roadster, with the 900,000th unit rolling off the production line. In doing so, it is also recognized by Guinness World Records as the best-selling sports car. |access-date=10 March 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150920053935/http://wot.motortrend.com/mazda-produces-900000th-mx-5-recognized-worlds-best-selling-sports-car-28207.html |archive-date=20 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{
[[File:1996_Porsche_911_993_GT2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_(4).jpg|thumb|1996 [[Porsche GT2|Porsche 911 GT2]], a model [[Homologation (motorsport)|homologated]] for [[sports car racing]]]]
A '''sports car''' is a type of [[car]] that is designed with an emphasis on dynamic performance, such as [[Automobile handling|handling]], acceleration, top speed, the thrill of driving, and [[Auto racing|racing]] capability. Sports cars originated in [[Europe]] in the early 1910s and are currently produced by many manufacturers around the world.
==Definition==
Definitions of sports cars often relate to how the car design is optimised for dynamic performance,<ref>{{cite magazine|first1=Csaba |last1=Csere |first2=Tony |last2=Swan |title=10 Best Cars: Best Luxury Sports Car |magazine=Car and Driver |date=January 2005 |url= http://www.caranddriver.com/bestcars/8924/10best-cars-best-luxury-sports-car.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071020043852/http://www.caranddriver.com/bestcars/8924/10best-cars-best-luxury-sports-car.html |archive-date=20 October 2007 |access-date=10 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language |edition=Fifth |year=2011 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing |isbn=9780547041018 }}</ref> without any specific minimum requirements; both a [[Triumph Spitfire]] and [[Ferrari 488 Pista]] can be considered sports cars, despite vastly different levels of performance. Broader definitions of sports cars include cars "in which performance takes precedence over carrying capacity",<ref name="curbsideclassic.com">{{cite web |title=The Best Definition of the Term 'Sports Car'? And the First American Sports Car |date=8 February 2017 |url= http://www.curbsideclassic.com/blog/history/the-best-definition-of-the-term-sports-car-and-the-first-american-sports-car/ |access-date=23 May 2019}}</ref> or that emphasise the "thrill of driving"<ref>{{cite book |last=Donovan |first=Sandra |title=Sports Cars |publisher=Lerner Publications |year=2007 |url= https://archive.org/details/sportscars0000dono |url-access=registration |isbn=978-0-8225-5928-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/sportscars0000dono/page/4 4]}}</ref> or are marketed "using the excitement of speed and the glamour of the (race)track"<ref>{{cite book|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=zFtu7gFTWEEC&pg=PA8 |title=Sports Cars |last=Mann |first=James |publisher=BMI Publishing |year=2011 |isbn=9780760340288 |page=8 |access-date=6 March 2015}}</ref> However, other people have more specific definitions, such as "must be a two-seater or a 2+2 seater"<ref>{{cite web |title=Definitions: What is a Sports Car? |url= http://sportsandexoticcars.com/what-is-a-sportscar/ |website=sportsandexoticcars.com |access-date=23 May 2019}}</ref> or a car with two seats only.<ref name="Merriam-Webster">{{cite web |url= http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sports+car |title=Sports car |website=Merriam-Webster.com |quote=Full definition: a low small usually 2-passenger automobile designed for quick response, easy maneuverability, and high-speed driving |access-date=10 March 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170959/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sports+car |archive-date=3 March 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/sports-car |title= Sports car |quote= Definition: a production car designed for speed, high acceleration, and manoeuvrability, having a low body and usually adequate seating for only two persons. |publisher=Collins Dictionary |access-date=10 March 2016 |url-status= live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183046/http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/sports-car |archive-date=
In the United Kingdom, early recorded usage of the "sports car" was in ''The Times'' newspaper in 1919.<ref name = TT42255>{{cite news |title=Motor Show. Development of the Sporting Car. |newspaper=The Times |location=London, England |date=12 November 1919 |page=6 |issue=42255}}</ref> The first known use of the term in the United States was in 1928.<ref name="Merriam-Webster"/> Sports cars started to become popular during the 1920s.<ref>{{cite book |quote=Only it seems after the [[World War I|Great War]] can we expect to find a general acceptance of the fact that there were on the roads both [[touring car]]s and sports cars. |first1=Michael |last1=Klemantaski |last2=Frostick |first2=Michael |date=1956 |title=Racing Sports Cars |publisher=Hamish Hamilton}}</ref> The term initially described two-seat [[Roadster (automobile)|roadsters]] (cars without a fixed roof), however, since the 1970s the term has also been used for cars with a fixed roof (which were previously considered [[grand tourer]]s).<ref name="roadandtrack.com"/>
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== Common characteristics ==
===Seating layout===
[[File:
Traditionally, the most common layout for sports cars was a [[roadster (automobile)|roadster]] (a two-seat car without a fixed roof)
Sports cars are not usually intended to
The 1993-1998 [[McLaren F1]] is notable for using a three-seat layout, where the front row consists of a centrally-located driver's seat.
=== Engine and drivetrain layout ===
The location of the engine and driven wheels significantly influence the [[Automobile handling|handling]] characteristics of a car and are therefore
Since the 1990s, [[all-wheel drive]] has become more common in sports cars. All-wheel drive offers better acceleration and favorable handling characteristics (especially in slippery conditions), but is often heavier and more mechanically complex than traditional layouts.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.roadandtrack.com/new-cars/news/a18694/porsche-959-the-future-is-now/ |title=Porsche 959: The Future Is Now|date=22 October 2012|work=Road & Track|access-date=21 May 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170119155410/http://www.roadandtrack.com/new-cars/news/a18694/porsche-959-the-future-is-now/ |archive-date=19 January 2017}}</ref> Examples of all-wheel drive sports cars are the [[Lamborghini Huracan]], [[Bugatti Veyron]], and [[Nissan GT-R]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://arstechnica.com/cars/2015/10/the-lamborghini-huracan-an-all-wheel-drive-adrenaline-delivery-system/|title=The Lamborghini Huracán: An all-wheel drive adrenaline delivery system |work=Ars Technica|date=8 October 2015 |access-date=21 May 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170608110013/https://arstechnica.com/cars/2015/10/the-lamborghini-huracan-an-all-wheel-drive-adrenaline-delivery-system/ |archive-date=8 June 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/2017-porsche-911-carrera-4s-coupe-first-drive-review |title=2017 Porsche 911 Carrera 4S Coupe - First Drive Review |access-date=21 May 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170512111350/http://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/2017-porsche-911-carrera-4s-coupe-first-drive-review |archive-date=12 May 2017}}</ref>
[[Rear-engine design|Rear engine]] layouts are not
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== Europe ==
{{undue weight|section=y|date=May 2019|to=models from the United Kingdom}}
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In 2017, Renault revived the Alpine brand for the 2017–present [[Alpine A110 (2017)|Alpine A110]] mid-engine coupe.
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150" style="text-align:left">
File:Red Bugatti Veyron on the road (7559997596).jpg|[[Bugatti Veyron]] (2005-2015)
File:Festival automobile international 2014 - Alfa Romeo 4C - 009.jpg|[[Alfa Romeo 4C]] (2013-2018)
File:McLaren P1.jpg|[[McLaren P1]] (2013-2015)
File:2016 BMW i8.jpg|[[BMW i8]] (2014-2020)
File:Festival automobile international 2018 - Alpine A110 - 004.jpg|[[Alpine A110 (2017)]] (2017-present)
</gallery>
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File:1913 Mercer Series J, Type 35 Raceabout (1418364979).jpg|[[Mercer (automobile)#Type 35R Raceabout|Mercer Type 35 Raceabout]] <br /> (1910-1913)
File:53 Corvette.jpg|[[Chevrolet Corvette (C1)]] <br /> (1953-1962)
File:
File:Ford GT Culvers.jpg|[[Ford GT]] <br /> (2005-2006)
File:
</gallery>
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Toyota relaunched the Supra nameplate in 2019 after a 17-year hiatus for the [[Toyota Supra (J29/DB)|Toyota GR Supra]] front-engine, rear-wheel-drive coupe.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Toyota Premieres New Supra at Detroit Auto Show |date=14 January 2019 |work=Toyota Motor Corporation |url= https://global.toyota/en/newsroom/toyota/26144480.html |access-date=15 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Ferris |first=Robert |title=Toyota brings back the Supra sports car after almost two decades |url= https://www.cnbc.com/2019/01/09/toyota-brings-back-the-supra-sports-car-after-more-than-20-years.html |access-date=15 April 2023 |work=CNBC|date=14 January 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Valdes-Dapena |first=Peter |date=15 January 2019 |title=Toyota brings back the fast and sporty Supra |url= https://www.cnn.com/2019/01/14/business/toyota-supra/index.html |access-date=15 April 2023 |website=CNN}}</ref> Nissan also released the new [[Nissan Z (RZ34)|RZ34]] generation of their Nissan Z in 2022.<ref>{{cite web |last=Motavalli |first=Jim |title=Return of the Z, Nissan's Iconic Sports Car |url= https://www.barrons.com/articles/return-of-the-z-nissans-iconic-sports-car-01632254503 |access-date=17 April 2023 |website=barrons.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Valdes-Dapena |first=Peter |date=22 May 2022 |title=Nissan is launching a comeback. Here's what it's like road tripping in its newest sports car |url= https://www.cnn.com/2022/05/22/business/nissan-z-review/index.html |access-date=17 April 2023 |work=CNN}}</ref>
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
File:2012 Toyota 86 (ZN6) GTS coupe (2012-06-24).jpg|[[Toyota 86]] (2012-2021)▼
File:Nissan GT-R 01.JPG|[[Nissan GT-R]] (2008—)
▲File:2012 Toyota 86 (ZN6) GTS coupe (2012-06-24).jpg|[[Toyota 86]] (2012-2021)
File:Lexus LFA Yellow Las Vegas Speedway.jpg|[[Lexus LFA]] (2010—2012)
File:2019 Honda NSX 3.5 CAA-NC1 (20190722) 01.jpg|[[Honda NSX (second generation)|Honda NSX]] (2016–2022)
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