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{{Infobox German locationplace
|type = Stadt
|image_photo = Wimpfen-burgviertel-panoram.jpg
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}}
 
'''Bad Wimpfen''' ({{IPA-|de|baːt ˈvimpfn̩|lang|Bad Wimpfen.ogg}}) is a historic [[spa town]] in the [[Heilbronn (district)|district of Heilbronn]] in the [[Baden-Württemberg]] region of southern [[Germany]]. It lies north of the city of [[Heilbronn]], on the river [[Neckar]].
 
==Geography==
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=== Development until Middle Ages ===
After the withdrawal of the Romans, the [[Alamanni]] governed the Neckar area from 260 A.D. During that time, most Roman buildings became dilapidated, since the Alamanni didn'tdid not know anything about stone building and how to use Roman infrastructure. Around 500, Wimpfen became part of [[Franconia]]. During the settlement of the [[Franks]] under [[Clovis I]], Christianity was flourishing, and today's oldest Christian buildings originate from this time.
 
In the 9th century, Wimpfen became part of the [[Bishopric of Worms]]; it was first mentioned documentary as Wimpina in 829. During that time the Hungarians [[Hungarian invasions of Europe|attacked the region]] and devastated most settlements, including Wimpfen. Within the framework of the following reconstruction, the new parish church of St. Peter was built. Being a bigger building, it was dedicated to the patron of the Bishopric of Worms. During more than three centuries the local dioceses performed the jurisdiction there.
 
=== Growth of trade ===
{{Infobox country
|native_name = ''Reichsstadt Wimpfen''
|conventional_long_name = Imperial City of Wimpfen
|common_name = Bad Wimpfen
|era = Middle Ages
|status = Imperial City
|empire = Holy Roman Empire
|government_type = Republic
|year_start = 1300
|year_end = 1803
|event_pre = City founded
|date_pre = 13th century
|event_start = Gained ''[[Reichsfrei]]heit''
|date_start = ''ca'' 1300
|event1 = Battle of Wimpfen
|date_event1 = May 6, 1622
|event_end = [[German Mediatisation|Mediatised]] to [[Grand Duchy of Baden|Baden]], but annexed by [[Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt|Hesse-Darmstadt]]
|date_end = 1802–03<span style="display: none;"></span>
|event_post = Renamed ''[[Spa town|Bad]] Wimpfen''
|date_post = 26 April 1930
|p1 = Bishopric of Worms
|flag_p1 = DEU Worms COA.svg
|s1 = Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt
|flag_s1 = Flag of Hesse.svg
|image_map =
|image_map_caption =
|capital = Wimpfen
|common_languages = [[South Franconian German|South Franconian]]
|footnotes =
}}
[[File:Kreuzkap-duttenberg-wandmalerei5.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Wall drawings in the Duttenberg chapel from the 15th century show the oldest known view of Wimpfen]]
[[File:BadWimpfenRathaus.jpg|thumb|left|250px|''Blauer Turm'' (Blue Tower) and town hall on the left]]
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Originally, in terms of administration, by the ''[[Reichsdeputationshauptschluss]]'' the town was part of Baden. However, the knightly diocese of Wimpfen im Tal belonged to [[Grand Duchy of Hesse|Hesse-Darmstadt]]. Consequently, a conflict about sovereignty rights over the parish increased between Baden and Hesse. Finally Baden agreed to cede the area, since their own territory was far away – and so Wimpfen under Hessian rule. This change was officially proclaimed on April 5, 1803. Starting in 1805–1806 Wimpfen was an outlying town under the control of Hesse.
 
For Wimpfen, this was a very comfortable situation as it was able to administer itself autonomously. At the time of the foundation of the [[People's State of Hesse]] in 1919, Wimpfen became part of the district of [[Heppenheim]]. It was merged with the district of [[Bensheim]] in 1938 and given the status of [[Kreis Bergstraße]]. In total, Wimpfen belonged to Hesse for 140 years. In 1945 the [[Office of Military Government, United States|American military government]] reorganised administrational areas, and Bad Wimpfen came again under the controlreign of Baden (Nord-Württemberg Nord-Baden).
 
=== Salt production and bathing ===
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==== ''Kaiserpfalz'' ====
The most important building in Bad Wimpfen is the ''Kaiserpfalz''. Its most potent remaining symbol is the ''Blauer Turm'' (Blue Tower) of c.1170, which was occupied for 650 years. The tower is open to visitors and offers a spectacular panorama over the whole town.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://taz.de/Der-Hausbesuch/!5883502/ | title=Der Hausbesuch: Die Türmerin | newspaper=Die Tageszeitung: Taz | date=9 January 2023 | last1=Söfjer | first1=Jan }}</ref> The ''Roter Turm'' (Red Tower) dating from c.1200 is a second tower of the ''Pfalz''.
 
<gallery perrow="3">
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</gallery>
 
==== Historic Churcheschurches ====
[[File:Wimpfen-dominikaner2008.jpg|thumb|Dominican church with former monastery]]
The Protestant ''Stadtkirche'' was built in the 13th century, initially in the style of [[Romanesque architecture]] andbut endedfinishing inwith [[Gothic architecture]]. Next to the church there'sis thea calvary shrine.
 
The construction of the ''Dominikanerkirche'' presumably started in the 13th and ended in the 18th century. The former monastery with artistic cloister contentshouses a school today. The church is used as the Catholic parish church.
 
The former ''Johanneskirche'' was built in the 15th century and rebuilt in 1778. It gotwas [[secularization|secularizatedsecularized]] in 1803. ByAs a result of a fire in 1851 the church lost its function, and since then the building served as a restaurant.
 
In the castle quarter on ''Schwibbogengasse'' lies the former Jewish synagogue of 1580. This was seized in the 1930s and converted tointo flats.
 
The diocesediocesan church ''St. Peter'' in ''Wimpfen im Tal'', under the control of [[Grüssau Abbey]] from 1947 to 2004, presumablyis goesthought to go back to the 7th century. Today's church with its bordering cloister was built in the 13th and 14th century. There was a comprehensive renovation in 2006.
 
The ''Cornelienkirche'' lies east of the centre of Wimpfen im Tal. The building was built in 1476 in the Gothic style, and has a splendid portal with wall murals. It is believed that Tilly camped here during the Battle of Wimpfen.
 
Nearby, the village of [[Hohenstadt]] contains an old Protestant parish church.
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==== Secular monuments ====
[[File:Wimpfen-wormser-hof-erker.JPG|thumb|''Wormser Hof'', portal of 1566]]
* The ''Bürgerspital'' (donated around 1230) is one of the oldest half-timbered buildings of the town. Since 1992 it contains the imperial town's museum.
* The ''Wormser Hof'' is situated next to the ''Kaiserpfalz'' nearby the town hall. The bordering wall behind represents a part of the city wall.
* The ''Bürgermeister-Elsässer-Haus'' was built in the shadow of the ''Blauer Turm'' in 1717.the 16th century
* The ''Nürnberger Türmchen'' next to the Red Tower was erected in gratitude from the city of Nuremberg for its help in the reconstruction of the heavily damaged city walls after the Thirty Years' War.
* Inside the whole old part of the town there are many half-timbered buildings of the 16th century.
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<gallery>
File:Wimpfen-wormser-hof-zehntscheuer.JPG|''Wormser Hof''
File:Wimpfen-riesenhaus-langgasse.JPG|''Riesenhaus'', 1532
File:Wimpfen-stadthaus-ehrenberg-15jhd.JPG|residential building, 1451
File:Wimpfen-bm-elsaesser-haus.JPG|''Bgm-Elsässer-Haus'', 16th c., bay window of 1717
File:Wimpfen-konventshaus1765.JPG|''Konventshaus'', 1765
File:Wimpfen-gasthaus-rappen.JPG|inn ''Rappen'' (Black Stallion)
File:Wimpfen-haus-feyerabend.JPG|further half-timberingHaus Feyerabend, 1563
File:Wimpfen-nuernberger-tuermchen.JPG|''Nürnberger Türmchen'', 17th century
</gallery>
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== Economy and infrastructure ==
[[File:Bad Wimpfen Bahnhof 20070315.jpg|thumb|Bad Wimpfen station]]
One of the biggest employers in Bad Wimpfen is ''Solvay Fluor GmbH'' containing more than 350 employees and producing different products in [[Fluorinefluorine]] chemistry, e. g. [[refrigerant]]s and [[propellant]]s. The biggest employer is “[[Lidl |Lidl AG]]”, which is the main office of one of the biggest supermarket chains in Germany and Europe. They have about 2000 employees. Many inhabitants are working at the [[Audi|AUDI AG]] in [[Neckarsulm]].
 
=== Transport ===
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{{Commons category|Bad Wimpfen}}
* {{Official website}} {{in lang|de}}
* {{dmozcurlie|World/Deutsch/Regional/Europa/Deutschland/Baden-Württemberg/Landkreise/Heilbronn/Städte_und_Gemeinden/Bad_Wimpfen/|Bad Wimpfen}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20071005025215/http://www.badischewanderungen.de/Bad-Wimpfen-Rath-.---k1-03-k2-.htm Das Rathaus im Weinbrenner-Stil auf badischewanderungen.de]
 
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[[Category:Helvetii]]
[[Category:Germania Superior]]
[[Category:Grand Duchy of Hesse]]
[[Category:Spa towns in Germany]]
[[Category:Holocaust locations in Germany]]
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