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|image_blank_emblem = Podlaskie_logo.svg
|blank_emblem_type = [[Brandmark]]
|image_map = Podlaskie
|map_caption = Location within Poland
|image_map1 = Powiaty w województwie Podlaskim.png
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|government_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
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|demographics_type1 = GDP
|demographics1_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web | url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/tgs00003/default/table?lang=en | title=EU regions by GDP, Eurostat|access-date=18 September 2023}}</ref>
|demographics1_title1 = Total
|demographics1_info1 = €12.722 billion
|demographics1_title2 = Per capita
|demographics1_info2 = €11,000
|timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset = +1
|timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST = +2
|blank_name_sec2 = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2019)
|blank_info_sec2 = 0.873<ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{Cite web|url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/shdi/POL/?levels=1%2B4&interpolation=1&extrapolation=0&nearest_real=0&years=2019|title=Sub-national HDI - Subnational HDI - Global Data Lab|website=globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=2021-12-13|publisher=[[Radboud University Nijmegen]]}}</ref><br/>{{color|#090|very high}} · [[List of Polish voivodeships by Human Development Index|8th]]
|blank1_name_sec2 = [[Highways in Poland|Highways]]
|blank1_info_sec2 = [[File:S8-PL.svg|32px|link=Expressway S8 (Poland)]] [[File:S61-PL.svg|32px|link=Expressway S61 (Poland)]]
|website = [http://www.bialystok.uw.gov.pl bialystok.uw.gov.pl]
|footnotes = *further divided into 118 [[gmina]]s.
}}
'''Podlaskie Voivodeship''' ({{lang-pl|Województwo podlaskie}} {{IPA|pl|vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ pɔˈdlaskʲɛ||LL-Q809 (pol)-KaMan-województwo podlaskie.wav}}) is a [[Voivodeships of Poland|voivodeship]] ([[province]]) in northeastern [[Poland]]. The name of the province refers to the historical region of [[Podlachia]] (in Polish, ''Podlasie''), and part of its territory corresponds to that region.<ref>[https://tvn24.pl/tvnmeteo/ciekawostki/podlasie-gdzie-jest-co-zwiedzic-i-zjesc-na-podlasiu-i-w-woj-podlaskim-5594285 Podlasie - bogactwo różnorodności] (in Polish) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706071430/https://tvn24.pl/tvnmeteo/ciekawostki/podlasie-gdzie-jest-co-zwiedzic-i-zjesc-na-podlasiu-i-w-woj-podlaskim-5594285 |date=2022-07-06 }}</ref> The capital and largest city is [[Białystok]].
It borders on [[Masovian Voivodeship]] to the west, [[Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship]] to the northwest, [[Lublin Voivodeship]] to the south, the [[Belarus]]ian [[Regions of Belarus|oblasts]] of [[Grodno Region|Grodno]] and [[Brest Region|Brest]] to the east, the [[Lithuania]]n [[Counties of Lithuania|Counties]] of [[Alytus County|Alytus]] and [[Marijampolė County|Marijampolė]] to the northeast, and the [[Kaliningrad Oblast]] of [[Russia]] to the north.
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The voivodeship takes its name from the [[Polish historical regions|historic region of Poland]] called ''Podlasie'', or in [[Latin]] known as [[Podlachia]].
There are two opinions regarding the origin of the region's name{{Citation needed|date=May 2020}}. People often derive it from the [[Proto-Slavic language|Proto-Slavic]] ''les'' or ''las'', meaning "forest", i.e., it is an area "by the wood(s)" or an "area of forests", which would bring ''Podlasie'' close in meaning to adjacent ''[[Polesia]]''. This theory has been questioned, as it does not properly take into consideration the vowel shifts "a" > "e" > "i" in various Slavic languages (in fact, it mixes vowels from different languages).{{Citation needed|date=October 2008}} Heavily wooded
A second view holds that the term comes from the expression ''pod Lachem'', i.e., "under the Poles" (see: [[Lechia]]). Some claim it to mean "under Polish rule", which does not seem historically sound, as the area belonged to the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] until 1569, and the southern part of it—until 1795.
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==History==
[[File:Krainy-historyczne-Polski.png|thumb|Historical regions in Podlaskie Voivodeship and in Poland]]
{{main|History of Podlaskie Voivodeship}}
The voivodeship was created on January 1, 1999, out of the former [[Białystok Voivodeship (1975–98)|Białystok]] and [[Łomża Voivodeship]]s and the eastern half of the former [[Suwałki Voivodeship]], pursuant to the [[Polish local government reforms]] adopted in 1998.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The history of Podlaskie Voivodeship |url=https://www.wrotapodlasia.pl/en/region/history/The_history_of_Podlaskie_Voivodeship.html |access-date=2024-06-20 |website=Wrota Podlasia |language=en}}</ref>
==Geography==
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{{Weather box
| location = Białystok
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan record high C = 12
| Feb record high C = 16
| Mar record high C = 20
| Apr record high C = 24
| May record high C = 30
| Jun record high C = 30
| Jul record high C = 33
| Aug record high C = 32
| Sep record high C = 28
| Oct record high C = 22
| Nov record high C = 12
| Dec record high C = 11
| year record high C = 33
| Jan high C = -1
| Feb high C = 0
| Mar high C = 4
| Apr high C = 11
| May high C = 17
| Jun high C = 20
| Jul high C = 21
| Aug high C = 21
| Sep high C = 16
| Oct high C = 10
| Nov high C = 3
| Dec high C = 1
| Jan mean C =
| Feb mean C =
| Mar mean C =
| Apr mean C =
| May mean C =
| Jun mean C =
| Jul mean C =
| Aug mean C =
| Sep mean C =
| Oct mean C =
| Nov mean C =
| Dec mean C =
| year mean C =
| Jan low C = -6
| Feb low C = -6
| Mar low C = -2
| Apr low C = 1
| May low C = 7
| Jun low C = 10
| Jul low C = 12
| Aug low C = 11
| Sep low C = 7
| Oct low C = 3
| Nov low C = 0
| Dec low C = -3
| year low C = 2
| Jan record low C = -34
| Feb record low C = -25
| Mar record low C = -23
| Apr record low C = -7
| May record low C = -3
| Jun record low C = 1
| Jul record low C = 5
| Aug record low C = 2
| Sep record low C = -4
| Oct record low C = -10
| Nov record low C = -16
| Dec record low C = -26
| year record low C = -34
| Jan precipitation mm = 30
| Feb precipitation mm = 20
| Mar precipitation mm = 30
| Apr precipitation mm = 30
| May precipitation mm = 50
| Jun precipitation mm = 70
| Jul precipitation mm = 70
| Aug precipitation mm = 70
| Sep precipitation mm = 50
| Oct precipitation mm = 40
| Nov precipitation mm = 40
| Dec precipitation mm = 40
| year precipitation mm = 580
| Jan humidity =
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| Jan precipitation days = 8
| Feb precipitation days = 7
| Mar precipitation days = 8
| Apr precipitation days = 8
| May precipitation days = 8
| Jun precipitation days = 10
| Jul precipitation days = 10
| Aug precipitation days = 9
| Sep precipitation days = 9
| Oct precipitation days = 8
| Nov precipitation days = 10
| Dec precipitation days = 10
| year precipitation days = 106
| Jan rain days = 7
| Feb rain days = 7
| Mar rain days = 8
| Apr rain days = 9
| May rain days = 7
| Jun rain days = 8
| Jul rain days = 8
| Aug rain days = 7
| Sep rain days = 8
| Oct rain days = 9
| Nov rain days = 9
| Dec rain days = 6
| year rain days = 93
| Jan snow days = 9
| Feb snow days = 10
| Mar snow days = 7
| Apr snow days = 3
| May snow days = 0
| Jun snow days = 0
| Jul snow days = 0
| Aug snow days = 0
| Sep snow days = 0
| Oct snow days = 0
| Nov snow days = 5
| Dec snow days = 7
| year snow days = 41
| Jan sun = 21
| Feb sun = 54
| Mar sun = 139
| Apr sun = 138
| May sun = 207
| Jun sun = 236
| Jul sun = 217
| Aug sun = 205
| Sep sun = 162
| Oct sun = 97
| Nov sun = 27
| Dec sun = 20
| year sun = 1523
| source 1 = Weatherbase <ref name=Weatherbase>{{cite web |url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather.php3?s=59221 |title= Weatherbase: Historical Weather for Białystok, Poland |access-date= September 27, 2016}}</ref>
| source 2 = ClimateData.eu<ref name=ClimateData.eu>{{cite web |url=http://climatedata.eu/climate.php?loc=plxx0038&lang=en |title= Climate Bialystok - Poland |access-date= September 27, 2016}}</ref>
| date = August 2010
| source =
| width = 50%
}}
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[[Image:Podlaskie mapa.png|thumb|right|Map of the Podlaskie Voivodeship]]
{{main|Subdivisions of Podlaskie Voivodeship}}
Podlaskie Voivodeship is divided into 17 counties ([[powiat]]s): 3 city counties, those being [[Białystok]], [[Suwałki]], and [[Łomża]]. It is also divided into 14 land counties
{{main|Metropolitan Białystok}}
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==Demographics==
{{main|Demographics of Podlaskie Voivodeship}}
{{Pie chart
| thumb = right
| caption = Religion in Podlaskie Voivodeship (2021)<ref>{{Cite web |title=2022 Tablice z ostatecznymi danymi w zakresie przynależności narodowo-etnicznej, języka używanego w domu oraz przynależności do wyznania religijnego |url=https://stat.gov.pl/spisy-powszechne/nsp-2021/nsp-2021-wyniki-ostateczne/tablice-z-ostatecznymi-danymi-w-zakresie-przynaleznosci-narodowo-etnicznej-jezyka-uzywanego-w-domu-oraz-przynaleznosci-do-wyznania-religijnego,10,1.html?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTAAAR09A3bD9fsbgYim9Xk19XYb3dVO8noT0NCKM6mIzX9iAdTNom3cNrrqaYk_aem_ASg_YSNm_J14IA6y8IV6X2EBi_XLI53kO7kcuLJJKxtW2c4a0pFOqaC2r_qFITjibSLVMPPMe0X7Iyi5_FSadL8x |access-date=May 16, 2024 |website=[[Główny Urząd Statystyczny]]}}</ref>
| label1 = [[Catholicism]]
| value1 = 74
| color1 = Purple
| label2 = [[Eastern Orthodoxy]]
| value2 = 8
| color2 = Red
| label3 = [[Protestantism]]
| value3 = 0.2
| color3 = Blue
| label4 = [[Islam]]
| value4 = 0.06
| color4 = Green
| label5 = Other
| value5 = 0.2
| color5 = Orange
| label6 = [[Not religious|Irreligion]]
| value6 = 3
| color6 = Grey
| label7 = Undeclared
| value7 = 14
| color7 = White
}}
Podlaskie is the land of the confluence of cultures – Polish, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Lithuanian, Jewish and Tatar – and is indicative of the ethnic territories limits. Eastward of Podlaskie lie historic Polish lands, which are now part of [[Ukraine]] and [[Belarus]] and [[Lithuania]]. Today, mainly [[Polish language|Polish]] and [[Ruthenian language|Ruthenian]] ([[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] and [[Belarusian language|Belarusian]]) are spoken in Podlaskie, while [[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]] is preserved by the small but compact [[Lithuanian minority in Poland|Lithuanian minority]] concentrated in the Sejny County.
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* [[Belarusians]] - 48,000
According to 2021 census the dominant religions in Podlaskie Voivodeship are Roman Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.
==Government==
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===Cities and towns===
[[File:Bazylika w Białymstoku - Emilia Ernst.jpg|thumb|[[Białystok]], capital and largest city of the province]]
[[File:Tadeusz Kosiuszki street.JPG|thumb|[[Suwałki]], largest city in the northern part of the province and capital of the historical [[Suwałki Region]]]]
[[File:SO Łomza.jpg|thumb|[[Łomża]], largest city in the western part of the province]]
The voivodeship contains 3 cities and 37 towns. These are listed below in descending order of population (according to official figures for 2019)<ref name="population">{{Cite web|last=GUS|title=Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June|url=https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/population/population/population-size-and-structure-and-vital-statistics-in-poland-by-territorial-division-in-2019-as-of-30th-june,3,26.html|access-date=2020-09-11|website=stat.gov.pl|language=en}}</ref>
{{columns-list|colwidth=20em|
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# [[File:POL Suraż COA.svg|22px]] [[Suraż]] (988)
}}
== Economy ==
The [[Gross domestic product]] (GDP) of the province was around 11 billion euros in 2018, accounting for 2.2% of Polish economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was €15,200 or 50% of the EU average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 57% of the EU average. Podlaskie Voivodeship is the province with the 5th lowest GDP per capita in Poland.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/10474907/1-05032020-AP-EN.pdf/81807e19-e4c8-2e53-c98a-933f5bf30f58|title=Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018|website=Eurostat}}</ref>
The following are general [[economic indicator]]s for Podlaskie Voivodeship:<ref>{{cite web |title= Statistical Office in Białystok |url= http://bialystok.stat.gov.pl/ |access-date= January 8, 2010}}</ref>
# Population (as of 30 September 2009) - 1,190,735
# Average paid employment in enterprise sector (November 2009) - 95896
# Average monthly gross wages and salaries in enterprise sector (November 2009) - 2,813.05 zł
# Unemployment rate (as of the end of November 2009) - 12,0%
# Dwellings completed in November 2009 - 661
# Procurement of milk (November 2009) - 126.8 mln l
# National economy entities from the ''REGON'' register, excluding persons tending private farms (as of the end of November 2009) - 89,654
According to the REGON register in the year 2002 there were around 95 thousand companies registered in the Podlaskie region (97% of them in the private sector), dealing with;
* Trade and servicing – 33.2%
* Providing services to real estates and companies – 11.8%
* Construction – 10.5%
* Industrial processing – 9.7%
* Transport 8.3%
* Agriculture, hunting and forestry 4.5%
===Agriculture===
[[Image:Landscape Bohoniki Podlasie Poland.jpg|thumb|right|A typical Podlaskie landscape near the village of Bohoniki]]
[[Arable land]] constitutes around 60% of the total area of the region – most of which is ploughland (around 40%), forests, meadows and pastures. Over 120 000 farms are registered, roughly half of which are small farms of 1–5 [[hectare|ha]] and medium-sized farms of 5–10 ha. The smaller farms prefer intensive production (gardening, orcharding), whereas the larger ones engage in cattle and crop production. The cattle-raising farms are mainly oriented towards milk production.
In June 2015, the total area of land in agricultural holdings in the Podlaskie Voivodeship amounted to 1,243.3 thousand hectares. ha. Agricultural land occupied 1058.3 thousand. ha, forests and forest land - 134.7 thous. ha, while the remaining land - 50.4 thous. ha. The average area of agricultural land in a farm was 10.35 ha. Agriculture in Podlaskie Voivodeship is characterized by a high share of agricultural land in good agricultural condition (99.3%) - these include arable land, permanent crops, home gardens, permanent meadows and permanent pastures. 98.9 percent from all land in agricultural holdings, i.e. 1,254.3 thous. ha, belongs to individual farms.<ref>[https://www.bankier.pl/wiadomosc/Rolnictwo-na-Podlasiu-Jak-rozwija-sie-w-ostatnich-latach-8213918.html#:~:text=Rolnictwo%20w%20Bia%C5%82ymstoku&text=Opracowanie%20G%C5%82%C3%B3wnego%20Urz%C4%99du%20Statystycznego%20%E2%80%9ERolnictwo,wszystkich%20teren%C3%B3w%20stanowi%C5%82y%20u%C5%BCytki%20rolne. Na wsi można zarobić. Czy studia rolnicze są dobrym pomysłem w 2021 roku?]</ref> Podlaskie Voivodeship has the highest percentage of grassland among all voivodships of the country (almost 20% of the area). This is used to develop [[dairy]] and [[beef]] [[cattle]] farming. Podlaskie has the largest [[cattle]] stock in Poland (the average herd size in 2016 is 37.9). In terms of milk producing, the voivodeship, together with the Masovian Voivodeship, ranks first in the country. Podlaskie Voivodeship receive about 20% of the total production in the country.<ref>[https://www.arimr.gov.pl/o-arimr/oddzialy-regionalne/podlaski-or10/rolnictwo-w-wojewodztwie-podlaskim.html Rolnictwo w województwie podlaskim]</ref> Cereals is an important crops grown in the region and themainly: [[wheat]], [[rye]], [[barley]], [[oat]], [[triticale]], cereal mixtures, grain maize, [[millet]], [[buckwheat]]. Other crops grown by farmers include, among others, [[potato]]es, [[oil seed]]s, forage plants (green [[fodder]], [[carrot]]s, [[Beetroot|beets]], [[turnips]] or [[alfalfa]]).
The natural conditions of the region are conducive to the development of organic growing, which at present is practised by around 100 farms. Over 600 farms in the region offer [[agritourism|agritourist]] services.<ref name="PodlaskieFacts">{{cite web |url=http://www.bialystok.uw.gov.pl/PUWMCMS/Tlumaczenia/polski.htm |title=Podlaski Urząd Wojewódzki - Podlaskie Voivodeship Office |year=2007 |language=pl}}</ref>
==Transportation==
[[File:20240406 124923 April 2024 in Białystok.jpg|thumb|[[Białystok railway station]]]]
{{main|Transport in Podlaskie Voivodeship}}
==Tourism and sights==
The [[Białowieża Forest]] is a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]]. There are five [[Historic Monument (Poland)|Historic Monuments of Poland]] in the voivodeship:
*[[Augustów Canal]]<ref>{{Cite Polish law|title=Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 25 kwietnia 2007 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Kanał Augustowski"|year=2007|volume=86|number=572}}</ref>
*[[St. Roch's Church, Białystok|St. Roch's Church]] in Białystok<ref>{{Cite Polish law|title=Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 10 grudnia 2018 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Białystok - zespół kościoła pod wezwaniem Chrystusa Króla i św. Rocha"|year=2019|number=86}}</ref>
*Mosques and cemeteries in [[Bohoniki]] and [[Kruszyniany]],<ref>{{Cite Polish law|title=Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 22 października 2012 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Bohoniki i Kruszyniany - meczety i mizary"|year=2012|number=1275}}</ref> the two oldest mosques in Poland
*[[Supraśl Orthodox Monastery|Monastery of the Annunciation]] in [[Supraśl]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Historia|url=https://monaster-suprasl.pl/historia|access-date=2020-09-13|website=Tumblr}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Polish law|title=Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 26 stycznia 2023 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Supraśl - klasztor Męski Zwiastowania Najświętszej Marii Panny"|year=2023|number=224}}</ref>
*Old Town of [[Tykocin]]<ref name=ph/>
There are several castles and palaces in the region, including the [[Branicki Palace, Białystok|Branicki Palace]] and Lubomirski Palace in Białystok, [[Tykocin Castle|Royal Castle]] in [[Tykocin]],<ref>{{Cite web|title=Zamek w Tykocinie » Zamek|url=https://zamekwtykocinie.pl/zamek|access-date=2020-09-13|website=Zamek w Tykocinie|language=pl-PL}}</ref> Branicki Summer Palace in [[Choroszcz]], Ossoliński Palace in [[Rudka, Bielsk County|Rudka]], and Buchholtz Palace in [[Supraśl]].
There are two [[spa town]]s in the voivodeship: [[Augustów]] and [[Supraśl]]. Augustów and [[Rajgród]] are popular summer destinations owing to their lakes. Białystok is known for its public parks and gardens, including the Branicki Garden and [[Planty Park (Białystok)|Planty Park]]. [[Tykocin]] and Supraśl are primary examples of preserved historic small towns in the voivodeship. The [[Baroque in Poland|Baroque]] town halls in Białystok and [[Bielsk Podlaski]] are home to local museums.
The voivodeship is rich in Baroque churches and monasteries, most notably in [[Różanystok]], [[Wigry, Suwałki County|Wigry]], [[Sejny]], [[Tykocin]], [[Drohiczyn]], Bielsk Podlaski, [[Siemiatycze]], [[Choroszcz]], although there are also churches in other styles, including the [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] St. Michael and John the Baptist Cathedral in [[Łomża]] and Saint John the Baptist church in [[Wizna]], the [[Renaissance architecture|Renaissance]] Old Parish Church in [[Białystok]] and the adjacent [[Białystok Cathedral]], and [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]] Co-cathedral of St. Alexander in [[Suwałki]]. The Catholic Sanctuary of the Presentation of Virgin Mary in [[Różanystok]], Sanctuary of Our Lady of Studzieniczna in Augustów and Christ's Transfiguration Orthodox church on the [[Grabarka Holy Mount]] are important [[pilgrimage]] destinations. The Mannerist-Baroque [[Tykocin Synagogue]] in Tykocin, one of the best preserved historic synagogues in Poland, and one of the few not destroyed by Nazi Germany, houses a museum.
The largest museum dedicated to the history of the region is the [[Podlaskie Museum in Białystok]] with branches in Białystok, Bielsk Podlaski, Choroszcz, Supraśl, Tykocin and [[Turośń Kościelna]]. Białystok is home to the Sybir Memorial Museum, the main Polish museum devoted to history of Russian deportations of Poles to [[Siberia]]. There is a museum dedicated to Polish poet [[Maria Konopnicka]] at her birthplace in [[Suwałki]].
There are also the [[Osowiec Fortress|Osowiec]] and Łomża fortresses.
There are numerous [[World War II]] memorials scattered across the voivodeship, including memorials at the sites of German and Soviet massacres of Poles, and [[Holocaust]] memorials. The ruins of the bunker of Captain [[Władysław Raginis]] in [[Góra Strękowa]] are preserved as a memorial to the heroic Polish defense in the [[Battle of Wizna]].
<gallery>
File:Śluza Mikaszówka, komora.jpg|[[Augustów Canal]]
File:2019-07 Białystok (45).jpg|[[Branicki Palace, Białystok|Branicki Palace]] in [[Białystok]]
File:Łomża Katedra 04.jpg|St. Michael Cathedral in [[Łomża]]
File:2019-07 Tykocin (24).jpg|Holy Trinity church in [[Tykocin]]
File:Wigry, klasztor.jpg|Monastery in [[Wigry, Suwałki County|Wigry]]
File:Pałac Buchholtzów w Supraślu.jpg|Buchholtz Palace in [[Supraśl]]
File:SM Sejny Bazylika Nawiedzenia NMP 2020 (3).jpg|Basilica of the Visitation in [[Sejny]]
File:Suwałki ul. Kościuszki 31 (7).JPG|Birthplace and museum of [[Maria Konopnicka]] in [[Suwałki]]
File:Bialystok Town Hall.jpg|Baroque town hall in Białystok, now the [[Podlaskie Museum in Białystok|Podlaskie Museum]]
File:Gora Strekowa schron.jpg|[[Władysław Raginis|Cpt. Raginis]] bunker ruins in [[Góra Strękowa]]
</gallery>
==Education==
The chief universities of the voivodeship are the [[University of Białystok]], [[Medical University of Białystok]] and [[Bialystok University of Technology]].
==Sports==
[[File:Oprawa na meczu Jagiellonii 2024 05 11.jpg|thumb|[[Jagiellonia Białystok]] football fans in 2024]]
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:90%"
|-
|+ Professional sports teams
|-
!Club
!Sport
!League
!Trophies
|-
|[[Jagiellonia Białystok]]
|[[Association football|Football]] (men's)
|[[Ekstraklasa]]
|1 Polish Championship ([[2023–24 Ekstraklasa|2024]])<br>1 [[Polish Cup]] ([[2009–10 Polish Cup|2010]])
|-
|[[Jagiellonia Białystok]]
|[[Futsal]] (men's)
|[[Ekstraklasa (futsal)|Ekstraklasa]]
|0
|-
|[[Ślepsk Suwałki]]
|[[Volleyball]] (men's)
|[[PlusLiga]]
|0
|-
|[[BAS Białystok]]
|[[Volleyball]] (men's)
|I liga
|0
|-
|[[BAS Białystok]]
|[[Volleyball]] (women's)
|I liga
|0
|-
|[[Lowlanders Białystok]]
|[[American football]]
|[[Polish Football League]]
|3 Polish Championships (2018, 2022, 2023)
|-
|[[Żubry Białystok]]
|[[Basketball]] (men's)
|2 Liga
|0
|-
|[[Tur Bielsk Podlaski]]
|[[Basketball]] (men's)
|2 Liga
|0
|}
Additionally, [[Podlasie Białystok]] is one of the top [[sport of athletics|athletics]] clubs in the country.
==Curiosities==
[[File:Sękacz.JPG|thumb|Traditional production of [[sękacz]] in the province]]
*The [[Suwałki Gap]], an area of strategic and military importance for [[NATO]] as the only land connection between the [[Baltic States]] and members of the alliance, is located in the northern part of the province.
*A [[traditional food]] of the region is [[sękacz]], a spit cake produced in several varieties in various places, including [[Piątnica]], [[Suchowola]] and [[Sejny County]].
*[[Krynki]], [[Mielnik]], [[Knyszyn]] and [[Tykocin]] were successively the main residential towns of the Polish kings in the region. In Krynki and Mielnik, renewals of the [[Polish–Lithuanian union]] were concluded in 1434<ref>{{cite book|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|title=Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom IV|year=1883|language=pl|location=Warszawa|page=758}}</ref> and 1501, respectively. At his favorite residence in Knyszyn, King [[Sigismund II Augustus]] died, ending the reign of the [[Jagiellonian dynasty]] in Poland. Tykocin, whose Old Town is designated a [[Historic Monument (Poland)|Historic Monument of Poland]],<ref name=ph>{{Cite Polish law|title=Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 19 kwietnia 2021 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii "Tykocin - historyczny zespół miasta"|year=2021|number=768}}</ref> was the place where the [[Order of the White Eagle (Poland)|Order of the White Eagle]], Poland's oldest and highest order, was established.
*In the northern part of the voivodeship there is a village named [[Szkocja, Podlaskie Voivodeship|Szkocja]], Polish for "Scotland", as it was founded for [[Scots in Poland|Scottish settlers]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Stojanowski|first=Hubert|translator-last1=Dudek|translator-first1=Zdzisław|title=Koloryt ziemi suwalskiej|year=2015|language=pl,en|location=Suwałki|pages=8–9|isbn=978-83-926944-6-5}}</ref>
==See also==
Line 451 ⟶ 507:
{{Geographic location
| Northwest = {{flag|Kaliningrad Oblast}}, {{flag|Russia}} and {{flag|Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship}}
| North = {{
| Northeast = {{flagicon image|Alytus County flag.svg}} [[Alytus County
| West = {{flag|Masovian Voivodeship}}
| Centre = {{flag|Podlaskie Voivodeship}}
| East = {{flag|Grodno
| Southwest =
| South = {{flag|Lublin Voivodeship}}
| Southeast = {{flag|Brest Region}}, {{flag|Belarus}}
}}
{{Podlaskie Voivodeship}}
{{Voivodeships of Poland}}
{{Authority control}}
| |||