WebP: Difference between revisions

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'''WebP''' is a [[raster graphics]] [[image file format|file format]] developed by [[Google]] intended as a replacement for [[JPEG]], [[Portable Network Graphics|PNG]], and [[GIF]] file formats. It supports both [[lossy compression|lossy]] and [[Lossless compression|lossless]] compression,<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.wired.com/epicenter/2010/10/meet-webp-googles-new-image-format/ |title=Meet WebP, Google's New Image Format |last=Calore |first=Michael |date=1 October 2010 |magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]] |access-date=5 October 2010}}</ref> as well as [[Computer animation|animation]] and [[Alpha compositing|alpha transparency]].

Google has proposed using WebP for animated images as an alternative to the popular [[Graphics Interchange Format|GIF]] format, citing the advantages of 24-bit color with transparency, combining frames with lossy and lossless compression in the same animation, and support for seeking to specific frames.<ref name="webpfaqanim">{{cite web |url=https://developers.google.com/speed/webp/faq#why_should_i_use_animated_webp |title=Frequently Asked Questions |date=2014-02-21 |access-date=2014-02-23}}</ref> Google reports a 64% reduction in file size for images converted from animated GIFs to lossy WebP, however, with a very noticeable visual impact, both at default settings, and optimised settings. When converting using lossless WebP, a 19% reduction is achieved as reported by Google,<ref name="webpfaqanim" /> although real world performance is nearer to 10%.<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=https://technedigitale.com/archives/1466 |website=technedigitale.com |access-date=19 August 2021|title=GIF is (Finally) dead. Long live Webp |date=24 July 2021 }}</ref>

| <ref>{{cite web |title=Picasa Release Notes |url=http://support.google.com/picasa/bin/picasa.google.com/support/bin/static.py?hl=en&page=release_notes.cs |website=Google Support |publisher=Google Inc. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120526074026/http://support.google.com/picasa/bin/picasa.google.com/support/bin/static.py?hl=en&page=release_notes.cs |archive-date=2012-05-26 |date=2011-11-08}}</ref>

| <ref>{{cite web |title=Krita 5.1 Release Notes |url=https://krita.org/en/release-notes/krita-5-1-release-notes/ |website=Krita |date=20 April 2022 |publisher=Krita Foundation |access-date=2024-03-17 |quote=WebP support (MR 891 MR 1268). We had basic WebP support already, but this adds full support using WebP Codec with every possible toggle imaginable.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Rempt |first1=Halla |title=Krita 5.1.0 Released! |url=https://krita.org/en/posts/2022/krita-5-1-0-released/ |website=Krita |publisher=Krita Foundation |access-date=2024-03-17 |date=2022-08-18}}</ref>

[[Social media]] services known to natively support WebP in messages, include [[Facebook]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/business/help/523719398041952|title=Supported image formats for ads|access-date=23 March 2024|publisher=Facebook}}</ref> [[Slack (software)|Slack]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://securityboulevard.com/2023/09/patch-everything-widely-used-webp-code-has-critical-bug/|title=Patch EVERYTHING: Widely Used ‘WebP’'WebP' Code has Critical Bug|publisher=Security Boulevard|author=Richi Jennings|date=13 September 2023|access-date=23 March 2024}}</ref> [[Discord]] and [[Element (software)|ElementIOElement]], but as of 6 March 2024 the two latter onestwo only support static WebP, and not animated WebP.

In September 2023, two critical vulnerabilities<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goodin |first=Dan |date=2023-09-21 |title=Incomplete disclosures by Apple and Google create "huge blindspot" for 0-day hunters |url=https://arstechnica.com/security/2023/09/incomplete-disclosures-by-apple-and-google-create-huge-blindspot-for-0-day-hunters/ |access-date=2023-09-29 |website=[[Ars Technica]] |language=en-us}}</ref> relating to WebP images were discovered by Apple Security Engineering and Architecture (SEAR) and the Citizen Lab, potentially affecting Google Chrome, Chromium-based browsers and the Google's libwebp project from Google, among any application implementing libwebp. Among these vulnerabilities, CVE-2023-4863 was an actively exploited vulnerability with a high risk rating of CVSS 8.8. This could lead to an out of bounds/overflow condition in applications using the affected libwebp library, upon exploitation of a maliciously crafted .webp lossless file. This could result in a denial of service (DoS), or worse, enabling malicious remote code execution (RCE). The extensive use of libwebp packages across hundreds of applications, including all categories from web browsers to mobile apps, posed a major patching challenge to mitigate the vulnerability due to the demanding testing requirements before release, highlighting the implications of this vulnerability on a wide scale.

* [[Free Lossless Image Format|FLIF]], a discontinued lossless image format which claimed to outperform [[PNG]], lossless WebP, lossless [[Better Portable Graphics|BPG]] and lossless [[JPEG2000]] in terms of compression ratio, introduced in 2015. [[Free Lossless Image Format|FLIF]] was superseded by [[JPEG XL]].

* [[High Efficiency Image File Format|HEIF]], another image format based on HEVC[[H.265|HEVC]], now also incorporating [[AVIF]] and [[Versatile Video Coding|VVC]]

** [[JPEG XR]], an alternative to [[JPEG 2000]] supporting [[high dynamic range imaging|HDR]] and wide [[gamut]] color spaces, introduced in 2009.

** [[JPEG XL]], particularly optimised for responsive web environments, so that content renders well on a wide range of devices. Moreover, it includes several features that help transition from the legacy JPEG format. [[JPEG XL]] was introduced at the end of 2020.