Glenn L. Emmons: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|American government official}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix =
| name = Glenn L.Leonidas Emmons
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
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| caption =
| order =
| office = Commissioner of the [[BureauCommissioner of Indian Affairs]]
| term_start = August 10, 1953
| term_end = September 20, 1961
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| majority2 = <!--Can be repeated up to eight times by changing the number-->
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1895|8|15}}
| death_date = March 14, 1980 (Aged 84)
| birth_place = [[Atmore, Alabama|Atmore]], [[Alabama]]
| death_place = [[Albuquerque]], [[New Mexico]]
| party = [[Republican Party (United_StatesUnited States)| Republican]]
| occupation = Banker, Politician
}}
 
'''Glenn Leonidas Emmons,''' originally(1895-1980) ofwas [[Atmore,an Alabama]],American banker and politician who served as the Commissioner of the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs]] beginningfrom on1953 Augustto 101961 under President [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]], 1953succeeding [[Dillon S. PreviouslyMyer]]. in addition, he was a bankercandidate infor [[Gallup,Governor of New Mexico|Gallup]] beginning in 1929. He succeeded [[Dillon1944 S.New MyerMexico gubernatorial election|1944]].<ref name="NYT 19530811">''[[New York Times]]''. "Indian Director Sworn In: Glenn L. Emmons Takes Office Succeeding Dillon S. Myer." August 11, 1953.</ref>
 
== Personal Lifelife ==
Emmons was born in 1895 in Alabama, to John Davidson Emmons (June 30, 1853 - unknown), and Martha Jane Emmons (March 22, 1865 - unknown). He had 8 Siblings,siblings. his family moved to [[Albuquerque, New Mexico]] in 1905,<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Affairs|first=United States Congress Senate Committee on Interior and Insular|url=https://books.google.co.ilcom/books?id=Gv8uAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1&hl=iw&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=3#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=Nomination of Glenn L. Emmons: Hearings Before the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, United States Senate Eighty-third Congress, First Session, on the Nomination of Glenn L. Emmons to be Commissioner of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. July 15 and 28, 1953|date=1953|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|language=en}}</ref> Where he learned in a public school, and subsequently, attended the [[University of New Mexico]]
 
In 1917, he left university to serve in [[World War I]], and served in the [[United States Army]] until he was discharged in 1929, he served as a first leiutenantlieutenant in the [[United States Army Air Corps|Air Corps]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Glenn L. Emmons Nominated for Indian Post {{!}} Indian Affairs|url=https://www.bia.gov/as-ia/opa/online-press-release/glenn-l-emmons-nominated-indian-post|access-date=2021-01-25|website=www.bia.gov|archive-date=2021-08-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210804115821/https://www.bia.gov/as-ia/opa/online-press-release/glenn-l-emmons-nominated-indian-post|url-status=live}}</ref> After he was discharged, he moved to [[Gallup, New Mexico]], where he worked in the Bankingbanking Buisnessbusiness, chairing the board of the First State bank of Gallup, as well as being its chairman, from 1935 to 1964<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Emmons, Glenn Leonidas, 1895-1980 - Social Networks and Archival Context|url=https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6jh5pfz|access-date=2021-01-25|website=snaccooperative.org|archive-date=2021-02-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210206092928/https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6jh5pfz|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Emmons has served on thevarious Publiccommittees Relations Committee, Executive Council, Finance Committee, and Small Buisness Operations Committee ofin the [[American Bankers Association]], and served as its Treasurertreasurer from 1949 to 1951. He also served as theits President of the New Mexico Bankers Associationpresident.<ref name=":0" />
 
In [[1944 New Mexico gubernatorial election|1944]], Emmons ran Unsuccessfullyunsuccessfully for the Republican Nomination for [[Governor of New Mexico]].<ref name=":1" />
 
In 1953, he was nominated by President [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]] to serve as the Commissioner of the BuerauBureau of Indian Affairs, after being unanimously endorsed by the 74 member [[Navajo Tribal Council]].<ref name=":1" /> his nomination followed the withdrawal of [[Alva Simpson Jr.|Alva Simpson Jr]], who served as the Welfare Director of Santa Fe.<ref name=":0" />
 
== Commissioner of the BuerauBureau of Indian Affairs ==
In 1955, Emmons contributed to "The Oglala Sioux: Warriors in Transition", a book by Dr. Robert H. Ruby, by writing its foreword.<ref>{{Cite webbook|urlisbn=https://www.amazon.com/978-/he/dp/0803226225/ref0803226227|title=sr_1_1?dchildThe Oglala Sioux: Warriors in Transition|last1=1&qidRuby|first1=1611573193&refinements=p_27:Glenn+LRobert H.+Emmons&s=books&sr=1-1|access-date=2021-01-25|website=www.amazon.comApril 2010}}</ref>
 
As Commissioner, he was directed to enact programs designed to bring tribal groups to a level where they would need only minimal federal assistance. Emmons' programs effectively increased federal assistance to Indians. Under Emmons' leadership, the Bureau of Indian Affairs health programs were transferred to the U.S. Public Health Service, which would result in improved services to Indians. Emmons increased government funding for education, particularly for the Navajo. His programs included converting mobile home trailers into schools and encouraging public schools to admit Indian children. Emmons also instituted adult education classes, primarily to teach English language skills to adult Indians, and initiated vocational job training programs, he also advocated reclamation of Indian lands, and encouraged development of industry, including oil, uranium, and coal leasing.<ref name=":1" />
 
In addition, Emmons wrote the first Tribal Termination plans, which would end the Federal Relationship with Indian tribes, stripping them of their Treaty protections, lands, and sovereignty.{{Citation needed|date=January 2022}}
 
Emmons did not support forced relocation; he advocated reclamation of Indian lands, encouraging development of industry, including oil, uranium, and coal leasing. More roads and bridges were built on Indian lands during his tenure than all other commissioners combined. In 1957, Emmons received the Distinguished Service Award from the Department of Interior for "outstanding achievement in materially improving the health protection, the educational facilities, and the economic prospects for Indian people." from President Eisenhower<ref name=":1" />
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== Post-Commission Career ==
In 1977, Emmons was presented with the Zimmerman Award and an honorary doctor of laws degree from the University of New Mexico. He died on March 14, 1980 <ref name=":1" />
 
== Electoral history ==
{{Election box begin no change|title=[[1944 New Mexico gubernatorial election]] - Republican Primary results<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=929254|title=Our Campaigns - NM Governor - R Primary Race - Jun 06, 1944|access-date=February 11, 2021|archive-date=February 11, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220211131401/https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=929254|url-status=live}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change||candidate=Carroll G. Gunderson|party=Republican Party (United States)|votes=9,477|percentage=59.35%}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change||candidate=Glenn L. Emmons|party=Republican Party (United States)|votes=6,492|percentage=40.65%}}
{{Election box total no change||votes=2,193,750|percentage=100}}
{{Election box end}}
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
 
{{Authority control}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Emmons, Glenn L.}}
[[Category:1895 births]]
[[Category:1984 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Atmore, Alabama]]
[[Category:United States Bureau of Indian Affairs personnel]]
[[Category:1895 births]]