Content deleted Content added
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit |
||
| (37 intermediate revisions by 20 users not shown) | |||
Line 1:
{{Short description|Eldest son and heir of Jai Singh Kanhaiya}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Gurbaksh Singh
| image = Indian minature painting of Gurbaksh Singh Kanhaiya.jpg
| image_size =
| succession =
| title =
| caption = Indian miniature painting of Gurbaksh Singh Kanhaiya
| successor =
| predecessor =
| reign =
| spouse = [[Sada Kaur]]
| house =
| father = [[Jai Singh Kanhaiya]]
| mother = Desan Kaur
| birth_date = {{circa|1759}}
| birth_place = [[Leel]] village, [[Amritsar]], [[India]]
| death_date = {{death year and age|1785|1759}}
| death_place = [[Batala]], [[India]]
| issue = [[Mehtab Kaur]]
| religion = [[Sikhism]]
}}
'''Gurbaksh Singh Kanhaiya'''<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dhavan|first1=Purnima|title=When sparrows became hawks : the making of the Sikh warrior tradition,
==Early life==
Gurbaksh Singh, the only son and heir of Jai Singh Kanhaiya, was born in 1759 to his wife Desan Kaur, who was the widow of Jhanda Singh. He was born into a [[Sandhu]] [[Jat]] family.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Griffin|first1=Sir Lepel Henry|title=The Panjab Chiefs: Historical and Biographical Notices of the Principal Families in the Lahore and Rawalpindi Divisions of the Panjab|date=1890|page=158|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tRFPAQAAIAAJ&dq=gurbaksh+singh+1759&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=desan|language=en}}</ref> His father, Jai Singh, was the founder and leader of the Kanhaiya Misl.<ref>{{cite book|last1=McLeod|first1=LOUIS E. FENECH, W.H.|title=Historical dictionary of Sikhism|date=2014|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=9781442236011|page=162|edition=Third edition.}}</ref> Gurbaksh Singh was married at the age of seven to [[Sada Kaur]], a daughter of Sardar Daswandha Singh Dhaliwal.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Sikh Review|date=1 January 1968|volume=16-17|page=25|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PpHjAAAAMAAJ&q=sada+kaur+daswandha+singh&dq=sada+kaur+daswandha+singh&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj92ursn9PTAhXGm5QKHaOgDt8Q6AEIITAA|accessdate=3 May 2017|publisher=Sikh Cultural Centre|language=en}}</ref> The couple had one child together, a daughter named [[Mehtab Kaur]], who was born in 1782.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Noor|first1=Harbans Singh|title=Connecting the dots in Sikh history|date=2004|publisher=Institute of Sikh Studies|location=Chandigarh|isbn=9788185815237|page=67}}</ref>▼
▲Gurbaksh Singh, the only son and heir of Jai Singh Kanhaiya, was born in 1759 to his wife Desan Kaur, who was the widow of Jhanda Singh
She was married in 1796 to [[Ranjit Singh]], the successor of [[Maha Singh]], the leader of the [[Sukerchakia Misl]], who were a rival of the Kanhaiya Misl.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Calcutta Review|date=1 January 1944|page=74|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lOFMAAAAMAAJ&q=mehtab+kaur+gurbaksh&dq=mehtab+kaur+gurbaksh&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjp14_JpNPTAhXGkZQKHYOvBUgQ6AEIMTAD|accessdate=3 May 2017|publisher=University of Calcutta.|language=en}}</ref>▼
▲She was married in 1796 to [[Ranjit Singh]], the successor of [[Maha Singh]], the leader of the [[Sukerchakia Misl]], who
==Military career==
[[File:Miniature painting of Gurbaksh Singh Kanhaiya with a fly-whisk attendant. Family atelier of Purkhu of Kangra, ca.1785.jpg|thumb|Miniature painting of Gurbaksh Singh Kanhaiya with a fly-whisk attendant. Family atelier of Purkhu of Kangra, ca.1785]]
In 1778, a quarrel arose between Ramgarhia and Kanhaiyas, [[Jai Singh Kanhaiya]] and [[Haqiqat Singh Kanhaiya]], supported by [[Jassa Singh Ahluwalia]], [[Maha Singh]], attacked [[Sri Hargobindpur]] headquarter of [[Jassa Singh Ramgarhia]] and captured it. At the same time Gurbaksh Singh besieged [[Batala]], Mala Singh brother of [[Jassa Singh Ramgarhia]] He was infamous among people, His officers and leading citizens of Batala, made a common cause and admitted Gurbaksh Singh Kanhaiya into the city and Mala Singh fled away, Batala become the headquarter of [[Kanhaiya Misl]],<ref name="Singh 1927 41">{{cite book|last=Singh|first=Gurbaksh|title=The Khalsa Generals|year=1927|publisher=Canadian Sikh Study & Teaching Society|isbn=0969409249|page=41}}</ref>
In 1783, Sansar Chand invited Jai Singh Kanhaiya to help get him [[Kangra Fort]], Jai Singh deputed Gurbaksh Singh to [[Kangra district|Kangra]], He besieged the fort, Saif Ali Khan died when the siege was going on, his son Jiwan Khan took the charge of defenses, Gurbaksh Singh suggested to Sansar Chand to offer temptation of cash and jagir to the Jiwan Khan for surrendering the fort to the Raja, when negotiation were completed, Gurbaksh Singh secretly hinted treachery on the part of Raja, and offered a large sum of money on his own behalf to Jiwan Khan, On receiving the heavy bribe Jiwan Khan admitted Sikh troops inside the fort to the sheer chargin of the Raja, Gurbaksh Singh established his authority over all the Kangra hills up to [[Palanpur]].<ref name="Singha, Bhagata 1993">Singha, Bhagata (1993). A History of the Sikh Misals. Patiala, India:Publication Bureau, Punjabi University.</ref>
==Death==
The Kanhaiyas, who had replaced the [[Bhangi Misl|Bhangis]] as the most powerful ''[[misl]]'', disputed Ranjit Singh's father's right to plunder [[Jammu]], and in one of the many skirmishes between the two ''misl''s, Gurbaksh Singh was killed in battle against Maha
In the absence of any heir, Gurbaksh Singh's widowed wife, [[Sada Kaur]] (an intelligent and ambitious woman) became the chief of the Kanhaiya Misl after her father-in-law's death in 1789.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Roy|first1=Kaushik|title=Military Manpower, Armies and Warfare in South Asia|date=2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317321286|page=82|language=en}}</ref> She played an important role in Ranjit Singh's rise to power in [[Punjab]] and used to lend support of the Kanhaiya ''misl'' to Ranjit Singh till 1821, when she developed differences with him and as a consequence lost her territory to him.<ref name="Singha" />
==In popular culture==
Line 48 ⟶ 54:
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kanhaiya, Gurbaksh Singh}}
[[Category:
[[Category:1785 deaths]]
[[Category:
[[Category:People killed in action]]
[[Category:Sikh warriors]]
[[Category:18th-century Indian people]]
{{Sikh-stub}}
| |||