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The '''Canindé River''' is a seasonal waterway flowing into the [[Parnaiba River]] near [[Amarante Municipality, Piauí|Amarante]] in the State of [[Piauí]] in [[northeastern Brazil]]. The stream flows for approx. 350&nbsp;km from headwaters in the foothills on the PiauiPiauí/Pernambuco border (northwest of [[Afrânio]], [[Pernambuco]]) northwest into Piauí then through [[Paulistana]] and Oeiras to Amarante on the junction of the Canindé with the ParnaibaParnaíba. [[Oeiras Municipality, Piauí|Oeiras]] is the main commercial center in the Canindé River valley. The [[biome]] type along the river is [[caatinga]], which is composed of typical northeastern Brazilian semiarid vegetation. The river and fauna and flora of the environs were described by the German naturalists [[Johann Baptist von Spix]] and [[Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius]] during their travels in Brazil in April and May, 1819.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Spix |first1=Johann Baptist von |last2=Martius |first2=C. F. P. von |title=Travels in Brazil, in the Years 1817-1820: Undertaken by Command of His Majesty the King of Bavaria |date=2013 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781108063821 |chapter-url=https://books.google.co.ukcom/books/about/Travels_in_Brazil_in_the_Years_1817_1820.html?id=EZUoAAAAQBAJ&source=kp_book_description&redir_esc=y |language=en |chapter=Book seventh Chapter 2|volume=2}}</ref>
 
The Canindé and its tributary the [[Piauí River (Piauí)|Piauí River]]{{#tag:ref|Originally ''Piauhi'', the river from which the province derives its name|group=Note}} which enters it about 125&nbsp;km below Oeiras, constitute what is often referred to as the CanindeCanindé-PiauiPiauí river system. The CanindeCanindé / Piauí River basin with an area of approximately 75,000&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>, is the largest sub-basin (29.7%) of the Parnaíba River Basin, which constitutes 98.3% of the land area of the State of PiauiPiauí.
 
The CanindeCanindé-PiauiPiauí river system and its tributaries present a temporary torrential flow regime: flow rate is characterized by abrupt variations due to tropical storms
during the January - April rainy season.<ref>{{cite book|last=Pellerin|first=J.|title=Les bases physiques. In: GUIDON, N. (org.). L'aire archéologique du sud-est du Piauí. Paris: Recherche sur les Civilisations|year=1984|pages=11–12}}</ref>
 
Among the land-based economic activities of the Rio CanindeCanindé valley are the exploitation of Brazilian Wax palms (''[[Copernicia prunifera]]'') for the manufacture of carnauba wax, the extraction and commercialization of rubber from the Pará rubber tree (''[[Hevea brasiliensis]]''), and [[maniçoba]] (tapioca) from the Manioc plant (''[[Manihot esculenta]]''), and cattle ranching including dairy farming.
==etymologyEtymology==
 
The name of the river comes from the Tupi-Guarani ''Kanindé'', and has several meanings:
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==External links==
*[http://www.ccom.pi.gov.br/download/CANIN.pdf Analysis of the basin of Canindé River - Government of State of Piaui] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140109230259/http://www.ccom.pi.gov.br/download/CANIN.pdf |date=2014-01-09 }}
*[http://valecaninde.blogspot.com/2012/03/contextualizacao-historica-do.html Historical context of the territory of the Caninde River Valley]
*[http://www.codevasf.gov.br/principal/publicacoes/publicacoes-atuais/pdf/livro_07.pdf EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: TERRITORY OF CANINDÉ RIVER VALLEY]
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