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{{Short description|Capital city of Piauí, Brazil}}
{{For|the Polish village|Teresina, Greater Poland Voivodeship}}
{{more citations needed|date=October 2013}}
Line 94 ⟶ 95:
In the 19th century, it was initially called '''Vila Nova do Poty''', but later the city was renamed Teresina, in honor of Empress Teresa Cristina, the wife of Emperor [[Pedro II of Brazil|Pedro II]] of Brazil.
Teresina is the hottest city in the country and the city with the third-highest incidence of lightning in the world. Nowadays{{When|date=January 2024}}, Teresina's economy is based on international manufacturing industries and trade.
 
== Main sights ==
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=== Climate ===
Teresina has a [[tropical wet and dry climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]]: ''Aw'') with semi-humid characteristics and two seasons: the rainy season (which occurs in summer and autumn of the [[southern hemisphere]]) and the dry season (which occurs in winter and spring).
 
From January to May, due to the rains, the weather is hot and wet (likely to occur when there is fog in the morning), while from June to August the climate gets dry with relatively milder nights; in September to December the weather becomes hotter and humid decreases, with the gradual return of rainy conditions from October. This period is referred to as "Bro" by locals as the hottest months end with -bro in Portuguese: ''{{lang|pt|setembro}}'', ''{{lang|pt|outubro}}'', ''{{lang|pt|novembro}}'', and ''{{lang|pt|dezembro}}''. A peculiar feature of the rains in the city are their speed and intensity, with strong winds, large force of water and very common lightning. The annual rainfall stands at around {{convert|1,400325|mm|in|0|disp=or}}. The highest recorded daily precipitation was {{convert|125|mm|in|0|}}.<ref name =NCEI/>
 
Hot most of the year, Teresina has an average temperature around {{convert|27|°C|°F|1|disp=or}}, with a minimum of {{convert|20|°C|°F|disp=or}} in July and a maximum of {{convert|36|°C|°F|1|disp=or}} in October. The lowest ever recorded in Teresina was {{convert|11.9|°C|°F|1|disp=or}} in June, while the record hot temperature exceeds {{convert|40|°C|°F|disp=or}} (October and November). Annually, there are approximately 129.4 days in which the maximum daily temperature reaches or exeeds {{convert|35|C|F|0|}}.<ref name=NCEI/> These fluctuations are mitigated by the contribution of the winds. Air quality is considered good in Teresina, except in the driest period, when the relative humidity drops, and there are occurrences of fires.
 
{{Weather box |width = auto
| metric first = yes
|location = Teresina (1961–1990)
| single line = Yes
|metric first = yes
| location = Teresina (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1961–2010)
|single line = yes
| Jan record high C =38.4
|width = auto
|Jan Feb record high C = 38.40
|Feb Mar record high C = 3639.6
|Mar Apr record high C = 3935.60
|Apr May record high C = 35.08
|May Jun record high C = 3536.09
|Jun Jul record high C = 3537.96
|Jul Aug record high C = 3738.24
|Aug Sep record high C = 3839.06
|Sep Oct record high C = 3940.64
|Oct Nov record high C = 40.38
|Nov Dec record high C = 39.75
|Dec year record high C = 39.5
|year recordJan high C = 40=32.35
| Feb high C =32.0
| Mar high C =31.9
| Apr high C =31.8
| May high C =32.2
| Jun high C =32.5
| Jul high C =33.6
| Aug high C =35.4
| Sep high C =36.6
| Oct high C =37.2
| Nov high C =36.2
| Dec high C =34.8
| year high C =
| Jan low C =22.8
| Feb low C =22.6
| Mar low C =22.8
| Apr low C =22.8
| May low C =22.6
| Jun low C =21.5
| Jul low C =20.8
| Aug low C =21.1
| Sep low C =22.1
| Oct low C =23.2
| Nov low C =23.6
| Dec low C =23.4
| Jan record low C =19.8
| Feb record low C =20.0
| Mar record low C =18.5
| Apr record low C =19.0
| May record low C =19.4
| Jun record low C =11.9
| Jul record low C =15.0
| Aug record low C =15.6
| Sep record low C =17.7
| Oct record low C =18.0
| Nov record low C =19.0
| Dec record low C =18.4
| year record low C =
 
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan record low C = 20.2
| Jan precipitation mm =196.8
|Feb record low C = 20.2
| Feb precipitation mm =239.1
|Mar record low C = 20.3
|Apr recordMar lowprecipitation Cmm = 19=286.9
| Apr precipitation mm =265.7
|May record low C = 19.4
| May precipitation mm =120.6
|Jun record low C = 11.9
| Jun precipitation mm =14.7
|Jul record low C = 15.0
|Aug recordJul lowprecipitation Cmm = 15=10.6
| Aug precipitation mm =12.1
|Sep record low C = 18.2
|Oct recordSep lowprecipitation Cmm = 19=13.0
|Nov recordOct lowprecipitation Cmm = =19.85
| Nov precipitation mm =45.9
|Dec record low C = 20.4
| Dec precipitation mm =100.1
|year record low C = 11.9
| year precipitation mm =
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
| Jan precipitation days =11.8
| Feb precipitation days =13.7
| Mar precipitation days =18.8
| Apr precipitation days =16.6
| May precipitation days =9.6
| Jun precipitation days =2.3
| Jul precipitation days =1.6
| Aug precipitation days =1.4
| Sep precipitation days =1.8
| Oct precipitation days =2.2
| Nov precipitation days =3.8
| Dec precipitation days =7.2
| year rain days =
| Jan humidity =80.2
| Feb humidity =83.6
| Mar humidity =85.1
| Apr humidity =85.4
| May humidity =83.4
| Jun humidity =76.9
| Jul humidity =69.4
| Aug humidity =61.8
| Sep humidity =56.6
| Oct humidity =56.2
| Nov humidity =61.8
| Dec humidity =69.8
| year humidity =
| Jan dew point C =23.5
| Feb dew point C =23.8
| Mar dew point C =24.0
| Apr dew point C =24.3
| May dew point C =23.8
| Jun dew point C =22.3
| Jul dew point C =21.0
| Aug dew point C =20.4
| Sep dew point C =20.0
| Oct dew point C =20.7
| Nov dew point C =21.5
| Dec dew point C =22.5
| Jan sun =191.6
| Feb sun =170.6
| Mar sun =187.9
| Apr sun =191.4
| May sun =236.3
| Jun sun =264.9
| Jul sun =285.5
| Aug sun =302.5
| Sep sun =283.9
| Oct sun =286.8
| Nov sun =251.3
| Dec sun =221.1
| year sun =
 
| Jand sun =
|Jan high C = 32.2 |Jan low C = 22.5
| Febd sun =
|Feb high C = 31.5 |Feb low C = 22.4
| Mard sun =
|Mar high C = 31.8 |Mar low C = 22.4
| Aprd sun =
|Apr high C = 31.6 |Apr low C = 22.7
| Mayd sun =
|May high C = 31.8 |May low C = 22.4
| Jund sun =
|Jun high C = 32.4 |Jun low C = 21.2
| Juld sun =
|Jul high C = 33.3 |Jul low C = 20.4
| Augd sun =
|Aug high C = 35 |Aug low C = 20.5
| Sepd sun =
|Sep high C = 35.8 |Sep low C = 22
| Octd sun =
|Oct high C = 36.4 |Oct low C = 22.8
| Novd sun =
|Nov high C = 35.4 |Nov low C = 23
| Decd sun =
|Dec high C = 34.2 |Dec low C = 23.1
| yeard sun =
|year high C = 33.5 |year low C = 22.1
| Jan light = 12.4
 
|Jan mean CFeb light = 2612.73
|Feb mean CMar light = 2612.1
|Mar mean CApr light = 2612.10
|Apr mean CMay light = 2611.29
|May mean CJun light = 2611.48
|Jun mean CJul light = 2611.19
|Jul mean CAug light = 2612.20
|Aug mean CSep light = 2612.81
|Sep mean COct light = 2812.82
|Oct mean CNov light = 2912.34
|Nov mean CDec light = 2812.84
| year light=
|Dec mean C = 28.1
| Jan uv =7
 
|Jan sunFeb uv = 185.9=6
|Feb sunMar uv = 1517
|Mar sunApr uv = 167.8=7
|Apr sunMay uv = 175.9=7
|May sunJun uv = 243.2=7
|Jun sunJul uv = 264.1=7
|Jul sunAug uv = 296.=7
|Aug sunSep uv = 314.6=7
|Sep sunOct uv = 2827
|Oct sunNov uv = 266.6=7
|Nov sunDec uv = 232.6=7
|Dec sunyear uv = 201.3
|source = NOAA<ref name=NCEI>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-III/Brazil/Normals_ASCII_Brazil_82578_TERESINA.csv |title=World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1981-2010: Brazil-Teresina |access-date=2024-01-17 |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=[[NOAA]] |format=CSV}}</ref>
|year sun = 2781.7
|source 2= Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology (INMET)<ref name="RecordHighC_INMET">{{cite web|url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Temperatura-Maxima-Absoluta-NCB_1961-1990.xls |title=Temperatura Máxima Absoluta (°C) |publisher=Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology (Inmet) |access-date=September 8, 2014}}{{dead link|date=July 2018|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref name="RecordLowC_INMET">{{cite web|url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Temperatura-Minima-Absoluta-NCB_1961-1990.xls |title=Temperatura Mínima Absoluta (°C) |publisher=Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology (Inmet) |access-date=September 8, 2014}}{{dead link|date=July 2018|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Weather atlas(Daylight-UV)<ref name="atlas">{{cite web |title=Climate and monthly weather forecast Teresina, Brazil |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/brazil/teresina-climate |website=weather atlas |access-date=17 January 2024}}</ref>
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 177.7
|Feb rain mm = 268
|Mar rain mm = 297.8
|Apr rain mm = 272.4
|May rain mm = 113.2
|Jun rain mm = 24.1
|Jul rain mm = 10.5
|Aug rain mm = 8.4
|Sep rain mm = 9.1
|Oct rain mm = 20.4
|Nov rain mm = 73.2
|Dec rain mm = 118.4
|year rain mm = 1393.2
 
|unit rain days = 1 mm
|Jan rain days = 11
|Feb rain days = 15
|Mar rain days = 19
|Apr rain days = 16
|May rain days = 10
|Jun rain days = 3
|Jul rain days = 1
|Aug rain days = 1
|Sep rain days = 2
|Oct rain days = 2
|Nov rain days = 4
|Dec rain days = 7
|year rain days = 91
 
|Jan humidity = 75
|Feb humidity = 83
|Mar humidity = 83
|Apr humidity = 84.1
|May humidity = 81
|Jun humidity = 72
|Jul humidity = 65
|Aug humidity = 59
|Sep humidity = 56
|Oct humidity = 58
|Nov humidity = 60
|Dec humidity = 64
|year humidity = 70
 
|source 1= Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology (INMET).<ref name="DailyMeanC_INMET">{{cite web|url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Temperatura-Media-Compensada_NCB_1961-1990.xls|title=Temperatura Média Compensada (°C)|date=1961–1990|language=pt|publisher=Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology|access-date=September 8, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808060540/http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia//normais//imagens//normais//planilhas/Temperatura-Media-Compensada_NCB_1961-1990.xls|archive-date=August 8, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="AverageHighC_INMET">{{cite web|url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Temperatura-Maxima_NCB_1961-1990.xls|title=Temperatura Máxima (°C)|date=1961–1990|language=pt|publisher=Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology|access-date=September 8, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808060537/http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia//normais//imagens//normais//planilhas/Temperatura-Maxima_NCB_1961-1990.xls|archive-date=August 8, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="AverageLowC_INMET">{{cite web|url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Temperatura-Minima_NCB_1961-1990.xls|title=Temperatura Mínima (°C)|date=1961–1990|language=pt|publisher=Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology|access-date=September 8, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808060545/http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia//normais//imagens//normais//planilhas/Temperatura-Minima_NCB_1961-1990.xls|archive-date=August 8, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Rainfall_INMET">{{cite web|url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Precipitacao-Acumulada_NCB_1961-1990.xls|title=Precipitação Acumulada Mensal e Anual (mm)|date=1961–1990|language=pt|publisher=Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology|access-date=September 8, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808060527/http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia//normais//imagens//normais//planilhas/Precipitacao-Acumulada_NCB_1961-1990.xls|archive-date=August 8, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="RainyDays_INMET">{{cite web|url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Numero-Dias-Precipitacao-Maior-ou-Igual-1mm_NCB_1961-1990.xls|title=Número de Dias com Precipitação Maior ou Igual a 1 mm (dias)|publisher=Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology|access-date=September 8, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140827173708/http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Numero-Dias-Precipitacao-Maior-ou-Igual-1mm_NCB_1961-1990.xls|archive-date=August 27, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Sunshine_INMET">{{cite web|url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Insolacao-Total_NCB_1961-1990.xls|title=Insolação Total (horas)|publisher=Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology|access-date=September 8, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808060530/http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia//normais//imagens//normais//planilhas/Insolacao-Total_NCB_1961-1990.xls|archive-date=August 8, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="Humidity_INMET">{{cite web|url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Umidade-Relativa-Mensal-Media-Compensada_NCB_1961-1990.xls|title=Umidade Relativa do Ar Média Compensada (%)|publisher=Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology|access-date=September 8, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808060524/http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia//normais//imagens//normais//planilhas/Umidade-Relativa-Mensal-Media-Compensada_NCB_1961-1990.xls|archive-date=August 8, 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="RecordHighC_INMET">{{cite web|url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Temperatura-Maxima-Absoluta-NCB_1961-1990.xls |title=Temperatura Máxima Absoluta (ºC) |publisher=Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology (Inmet) |access-date=September 8, 2014}}{{dead link|date=July 2018|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref><ref name="RecordLowC_INMET">{{cite web|url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Temperatura-Minima-Absoluta-NCB_1961-1990.xls |title=Temperatura Mínima Absoluta (ºC) |publisher=Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology (Inmet) |access-date=September 8, 2014}}{{dead link|date=July 2018|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
}}
 
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|value3 = 0.89
|color3 = YellowGreen
|label4 = [[Kardecist spiritism|Spiritism]]
|value4 = 0.85
|color4 = SaddleBrown
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===Schools===
*[[School Sacred Heart of Jesus|Colégio Sagrado Coração de Jesus]] (1906)
*Instituto Dom Barreto (1944)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Página Inicial |url=https://dombarreto.com/instituto%20dom%20barreto |access-date=2024-05-24 |website=dombarreto.com |language=pt-BR}}</ref>
 
== Economy ==
The Gross Domestic Product of Teresina represents about 40% of GDP in the state of PiauiPiauí. In industry, there is the textile and garment industry, which exports to other regions and generates about ten thousand jobs. There are also manufacturers bicycles, drink industries, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, furniture and ceramics, among others. The building deserves to be a fast-growing sector due to the verticality of the city over the past 15 years.
{{Further|Integrated Development Region of Greater Teresina}}
 
=== Transportation ===
Teresina has a subwayrail service ([[Teresina Metro]]) comprising nine different stations. There is also bus service through the city. [[Teresina Airport|Teresina/Senador Petrônio Portella Airport]], opened in 1967, lies north of the capital, between the rivers Parnaíba and Poty.
 
<gallery widths="200px" heights="160px">
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<!--Categories-->
[[Category:Teresina| ]]
[[Category:State capitals in Brazil]]
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