Rabbinic literature: Difference between revisions

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{{Rabbinical Literature}}
{{Eras of the Halakha}}
{{inline citations|date=March 2024}}
 
'''Rabbinic literature''', in its broadest sense, is the entire spectrum of works authored by [[rabbiRabbi|rabbis]]nic writings throughout [[History of Judaism|Jewish]] history]]. However, theThe term oftentypically refers specifically to literature from the [[Talmud|Talmudic era]]ic era(70–640 CE),{{sfn|Safrai|1969|p=305, 307}} as opposed to [[Jewish literature|medieval]] and modern rabbinic writing, andwritings]]. thusIt correspondsaligns with the [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] term '''''Sifrut Chazal''''' ({{lang-he|ספרות חז״ל}}), "Literaturewhich translates to “literature [of our] sages,"sages” whereand ''[[Chazal|Hazal]]''generally normally referspertains only to the [[Chazal|sages]] of(''Chazal'') from the Talmudic era)period. This more specific sense of "Rabbinic literature"—referring to the [[Talmud]]im, [[Midrash]]im ({{lang-he|מדרשמדרשים}}), and related writings, but hardly ever to later texts—is how the term is generally intended when used in contemporary academic writing. The terms ''mefareshim'' and ''parshanim'' (commentaries/ and commentators) almost always refer to later, post-Talmudic writers of [[Biblical gloss|rabbinic glosses]] on [[Hebrew Bible|Biblical]] and Talmudic texts.
 
==Mishnaic literature==
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*The [[Talmud|Babylonian Talmud]], full canonization of all the previous texts {{Circa|600 CE}}.
*The [[minor tractates]] (part of the Babylonian Talmud)
The earliest extant material witness to rabbinic literature of any kind is the [[Tel Rehov inscription]] dating to the 6th–7th centuries, also the longest Jewish inscription from late antiquity.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Fine |first=Steven |title=Talmuda de-Eretz Israel: archaeology and the rabbis in late antique Palestine |last2=Koller |first2=Aaron J. |date=2014 |publisher=De Gruyter |others=Center for Israel studies |isbn=978-1-61451-485-5 |series=Studia Judaica |location=Boston |pages=231–237}}</ref> Meanwhile, the earliest extant [[Talmud#Manuscripts|Talmudic manuscripts]] are from the 8th century.
 
==The Midrash==
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400–650 CE
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[[Genesis Rabbah]]<br>
 
[[Midrash Tanhuma]]<br>
[[Lamentations Rabbah]]
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[[Midrash Proverbs]]<br>
[[Midrash Tanhuma]]<br>
[[Ecclesiastes Rabbah]]
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* ''[[Torah Or/Likutei Torah]]''
* [[Nachman of Breslov#Published works |''Likutei Moharan'']]
* [[Nachman of Breslov#Published works |''Sippurei Ma'asiyot'']] ("Rabbi Nachman's Stories")
* [[Nachman of Breslov#Published works |''Sichot HaRan'']]
* [[Hayyim Tyrer|''Be'er Mayim Hayyim'']]
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* ''[[Mordechai Yosef Leiner#Thought|Mei Hashiloach]]''
* [[Simcha Bunim of Peshischa#Works|''Kol Simcha'']]
* [[Tzvi Elimelech Spira of DinovTzvi_Elimelech_Spira_of_Dinov#Works|''Bnei Yissachar'']]
* [[Elimelech_Szapira#Writings|''Imrei Elimelech'']] and [[Elimelech_Szapira#Writings|''Divrei Elimelech'']]
* [[Kalonymus_Kalman_Shapira#Works|''Aish Kodesh'']]
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* ''[[Shem Mishmuel]]''
* ''[[Likkutei Sichos]]''
* ''[[Nesivos Sholom Noach Berezovsky|]]''Netivot Shalom'']]
* [[Slonim (Hasidic dynasty)#Main Hasidic works of Slonim|''Darchei Noam'']]
 
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{{Portal|Judaism|Jewish}}
* [[Jewish commentaries on the Bible]]
* [[{{slink|Judaism #Jewish religiousReligious texts]]}}
* [[List of Jewish prayers and blessings]]
* [[List of rabbis]]
* [[Rabbinic Judaism]]
* [[Torah database]]s (electronic versions of traditional Jewish texts)
* [[{{slink|Yeshiva #Curriculum]]}}
===Biblical figures in rabbinic literature===
* [[Adam in rabbinic literature]]
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* [[Samson in rabbinic literature]]
* [[Simeon in rabbinic literature]]
 
==References==
{{Reflist}}
 
==Bibliography==
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*''Introduction to the Talmud and Midrash'', H. L. Strack and G. Stemberger, (Fortress Press)
*''The Literature of the Sages: Oral Torah, Halakha, Mishnah, Tosefta, Talmud, External Tractates,'' Shemuel Safrai and Peter J. Tomson (Fortress, 1987)
* {{cite book |last=Safrai |first=S.|translator-last=Weidenfeld |translator-first=George |year=1969 |title=A History of the Jewish People |section=The Era of the Mishnah and Talmud (70–640) |editor-last=Ben-Sasson |editor-first=H.H.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2kSovzudhFUC&q=talmud+primary&pg=PA379 |publisher=Harvard University Press |publication-date=1976 |pages=305–382 |isbn=9780674397316}}
 
==External links==