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* Less restrictive social distancing since September
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The '''17A''' [[protest]]s were a series of massive demonstrations in [[Argentina]] which took place on August 17, 2020, amid the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Argentina|COVID-19 pandemic]], for several causes, among which: the defense of institutions and [[separation of powers]], against a justice reform announced by the government, against the way quarantine was handled, the lack of liberty, the increase in [[theft]], and a raise on state pensions.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-08-18|title=Anti-government protesters defy virus measures in Argentina|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20200818-anti-government-protesters-defy-virus-measures-in-argentina|access-date=2020-08-30|website=France 24|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=August 17, 2020|title=LIVE: Crowds in Buenos Aires rally against quarantine measures in Argentina|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GaabLGEg1U4 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/GaabLGEg1U4 |archive-date=2021-12-21 |url-status=live|website=[[Reuters]]}}{{cbignore
The main protest was in the [[Buenos Aires]] [[Obelisco de Buenos Aires|Obelisk]]. Demonstrations were also held in other parts of the city, such as Cabildo and Juramento (a main intersection in [[Belgrano, Buenos Aires|Belgrano]]), in front of the department of [[Cristina Fernández de Kirchner|Cristina Kirchner]] (in [[Recoleta, Buenos Aires|Recoleta]]), and in other cities: [[Córdoba, Argentina|Córdoba]], [[Santa Fe, Argentina|Santa Fe]], [[Mendoza, Argentina|Mendoza]], [[San Miguel de Tucumán|Tucumán]], [[Mar del Plata]], [[Lomas de Zamora]], [[Adrogué]], [[Avellaneda (Santa Fe)|Avellaneda]] (Santa Fe), [[Viedma, Río Negro|Viedma]].<ref name=":02">{{cite news |date=17 August 2020 |title=La marcha de los contagios: los anticuarentena en el Obelisco |url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/285664-la-marcha-de-los-contagios-los-anticuarentena-en-el-obelisco |access-date=17 August 2020 |work=[[Página 12]] |location=Buenos Aires |language=es-AR}}</ref><ref name=":12" /><ref name=":22" /><ref name=":32" /><ref>{{cite news|date=17 August 2020|language=es-AR|title=Las protestas en todo el país: Tucumán, Mar del Plata, Rosario y Córdoba también marcharon el #17A|work=[[Todo Noticias]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://tn.com.ar/videos/politica/las-protestas-en-todo-el-pais-tucuman-mar-del-plata-rosario-y-cordoba-tambien-marcharon-el-17a_1105792|access-date=17 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=17 August 2020|language=es-AR|title=Cacerolas y bocinazos. Cientos de personas se congregan frente a la Quinta de Olivos|work=[[La Nación (Argentina)|La Nación]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/cacerolas-bocinazos-cientos-personas-se-congregan-frente-nid2423763
The protests were organised mainly through [[List of social networking websites|social networks]], by accounts that oppose the government, but with a nonpartisan focus, since no political party claimed the protests, and neither any party emblems were seen in the protests.<ref>{{cite news|date=15 August 2020|title=Santilli también se despegó de la marcha anticuarentena|work=[[Página 12]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/285281-santilli-tambien-se-despego-de-la-marcha-anticuarentena|access-date=17 August 2020|language=es-AR}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=17 August 2020|title=La marcha del 17A Fernán Quirós: "Que el esfuerzo colectivo no corra riesgo por la necesidad de un subgrupo de expresarse"|work=[[Todo Noticias]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://tn.com.ar/sociedad/la-marcha-del-17a-fernan-quiros-que-el-esfuerzo-colectivo-no-corra-riesgo-por-la-necesidad-de-un_1105670|access-date=17 August 2020|language=es-AR}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{cite news|date=15 August 2020|title=Patricia Bullrich: "El PRO no convoca a la marcha del lunes, pero voy a ir sin romper ninguna regla"|work=[[Télam]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.telam.com.ar/notas/202008/502746-patricia-bullrich-pro-marcha-anticuarentena-lunes.html|access-date=17 August 2020|language=es-AR}}</ref><ref name=":4" /> Still, some politicians who oppose the government took part in the protests as private citizens, such as [[Patricia Bullrich]], the leader of the [[Republican Proposal|PRO]] party.<ref name=":5" /><ref>{{cite news|date=17 August 2020|title=Marcha del 17A: cómo fue la participación de Bullrich en el banderazo|work=[[Ámbito Financiero]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.ambito.com/politica/cuarentena/marcha-del-17a-como-fue-la-participacion-bullrich-el-banderazo-n5125591|access-date=17 August 2020}}</ref> The government of the time accused the participants of being "anti-quarantine" and mocking the pandemic containment efforts.<ref name=":0">{{cite news|date=17 August 2020|title=Roberto Salvarezza dijo que "la marcha anticuarentena va a traer consecuencias en el número de contagios"|work=[[Página 12]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/285602-roberto-salvarezza-dijo-que-la-marcha-anticuarentena-va-a-tr|access-date=17 August 2020}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{cite news|date=17 August 2020|title=Ginés González García criticó a las personas que asistirán a la marcha|work=MDZ Online|location=Mendoza|url=https://www.mdzol.com/politica/2020/8/17/gines-gonzalez-garcia-critico-las-personas-que-asistiran-la-marcha-98953.html|access-date=17 August 2020|language=es-AR}}</ref><ref name=":7">{{cite news|date=17 August 2020|title=Salvarezza: "La marcha del 17A va a traer consecuencias en el número de contagios"|work=[[Ámbito Financiero]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.ambito.com/politica/vacuna/salvarezza-la-marcha-del-17a-va-traer-consecuencias-el-numero-contagios-n5125500|access-date=17 August 2020|language=es-AR}}</ref>
== Causes ==
On March 12, 2020, a strict [[lockdown]] was established across Argentina. This, at first, caused a spike in the positive image of [[President of Argentina|President]] [[Alberto Fernández]] during March. Several causes made it went down over the following months of "preventive and mandatory isolation", reaching in August a record-low positive image since the start of the lockdown measures.<ref name=":1">{{cite news|date=19 August 2020|title=La imagen de Alberto Fernández es negativa por primera vez desde el inicio de la pandemia|work=[[Perfil]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.perfil.com/noticias/politica/imagen-alberto-fernandez-es-negativa-por-primera-vez-desde-inicio-pandemia.phtml|language=es-AR}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web|title=CRISIS SANITARIA COVID-19 - Índices de optimismo & Encuestas Temáticas|url=http://myfconsultora.com.ar/wp/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/IO-Resumen-Cien-d%C3%ADas-COVID-19.pdf|publisher=Management & Fit|language=es-AR|access-date=2020-08-30|archive-date=2021-04-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419185706/http://myfconsultora.com.ar/wp/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/IO-Resumen-Cien-d%C3%ADas-COVID-19.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{cite news|date=29 July 2020|title=Crece el pesimismo sobre el futuro económico y la capacidad del Gobierno de controlar la pandemia|work=[[El Cronista]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.cronista.com/economiapolitica/Crece-el-pesimismo-sobre-el-futuro-economico-y-la-capacidad-del-Gobierno-de-controlar-la-pandemia-20200729-0030.html|language=es-AR}}</ref><ref name=":8">{{cite web|date=18 August 2020|title=INFORME X - ESPECIAL COVID-19|url=https://giacobbeconsultores.com/descargas/informeX_agosto_2020_covid19.pdf?fbclid=IwAR0RuDpviJemR0LR1e20K-eGoAdaT2bZhvHGTdBT4lzFp7iT9kWC5TThme0|publisher=Giacobbe Opinión Pública|language=es-AR|format=PDF}}</ref><ref name=":9">{{cite news|date=15 July 2020|title=Encuesta: cae la imagen del Gobierno por la cuarentena y el 60% afirma que su situación económica empeoró|work=[[El Cronista]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.cronista.com/economiapolitica/Encuesta-cae-la-imagen-del-Gobierno-por-la-cuarentena-y-el60-afirma-que-su-situacion-economica-empeoro-20200715-0024.html|language=es-AR}}</ref> [[Opinion poll|Opinion Polls]] showed a sharp decline in economic expectations of the population, primarily in the future employment and prices expectations.<ref>{{cite news|date=4 August 2020|title=Más de la mitad de los argentinos cree que la situación económica está peor que el año pasado y que se agravará aún más|work=[[Infobae]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.infobae.com/politica/2020/08/04/mas-de-la-mitad-de-los-argentinos-cree-que-la-situacion-economica-esta-peor-que-el-ano-pasado-y-que-se-agravara-aun-mas/|language=es-AR}}</ref><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":9" /><ref name=":2" />
People who approved the handle of the pandemic went from a 91.7% in March to a 62.4% in June, while disapproval went from a 5.5% in March to a 35.8% in June.<ref name=":2" />
On the 9th of July, protesters rallied against the government on the [[Obelisco de Buenos Aires|Buenos Aires Obelisk]] and in several other points of the country.<ref>{{cite news |last=Beato Vassolo |first=Inés |date=10 July 2020 |title=Multitudinario banderazo contra el Gobierno en diferentes puntos del país |language=es-AR |work=[[La Nación]] |location=Buenos Aires |url=https://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/comenzo-banderazo-federal-del-9-
On the 30th of July, the President sent the [[National Congress of Argentina|Congress]] a Bill for Justice Reform with the objective, according to Fernández, of being able to "better organize the Federal Justice and overcoming the crisis affecting the credibility and well-function of the Federal Criminal Justice.<ref name=":10">{{cite news|last=Cibeira|first=Fernando|date=30 July 2020|title=Alberto Fernández presentó la reforma judicial: "Una Justicia sobre la que no influyan los poderes"|work=[[Página 12]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/281743-alberto-fernandez-presento-la-reforma-judicial-una-justicia-|language=es-AR}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=2020-07-29|title=El Presidente presentó el proyecto de ley de reforma de la Justicia|url=https://www.argentina.gob.ar/noticias/el-presidente-presento-el-proyecto-de-ley-de-reforma-de-la-justicia|website=Argentine Executive|language=es-AR}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=29 July 2020|title=Alberto Fernández: "Proponemos organizar mejor la justicia federal"|work=[[Télam]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.telam.com.ar/notas/202007/495948-alberto-fernandez-proyecto-reforma-judicial.html|language=es-AR}}</ref> This project foresaw the unification of Criminal and Economic Justice and the creation of 23 new courts, what would dilute the influence of the country's 12 federal judges, as well as the merger of appeal courts and imposing several new procedure rules for Federal Judges.<ref name=":10" /><ref>{{cite news|date=29 July 2020|title=Punto por punto, los cambios que introduce la reforma judicial que presentó Alberto Fernández|work=[[Télam]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.cronista.com/economiapolitica/Punto-por-punto-los-cambios-que-introduce-la-reforma-judicial-que-presento-Alberto-Fernandez-20200729-0046.html|language=es-AR}}</ref> Also, an [[Advisory board|Advisory Board]] was created to propose reforms on the [[Supreme Court of Argentina|Supreme Court]] and the [[Council of Magistracy of the Nation|Council of Magistracy]].<ref>{{cite news|last=Hauser|first=Irina|date=28 July 2020|title=Reforma judicial: el Presidente definió los 11 firsts que integrarán el consejo asesor|work=[[Página 12]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.pagina12.com.ar/281212-reforma-judicial-el-presidente-definio-los-11-firsts-que-in|language=es-AR}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=28 July 2020|title=Reforma judicial: "La Corte Suprema debería tener 9 miembros", consideró un integrante del nuevo consejo de asesores del Presidente|work=[[Infobae]]|location=Buenos Aires|url=https://www.infobae.com/politica/2020/07/28/reforma-judicial-la-corte-suprema-deberia-tener-9-miembros-considero-un-integrante-del-consejo-de-asesores/|language=es-AR}}</ref>
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== See also ==
* [[8N]]
* [[18A]]
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{{Alberto Fernández}}
{{COVID-19 pandemic}}
[[Category:2020 protests]]
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