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'''Maria Gunnoe'''
==Early life==
In 2009 Gunnoe received the [[Goldman Environmental Prize]], which is the second time an environmentalist has been awarded a Goldman Prize for fighting coal mining operations in West Virginia. In 2003, [[Julia Bonds]] won a Goldman for opposing the controversial practice of mountaintop removal in Appalachia.<ref name=gun/><ref>[http://online.wsj.com/article/SB124025714886236163.html Woman Wins Environmental Prize for Fighting Mining Problems]</ref>▼
Maria was born in [[Boone County, West Virginia|Boone County]], [[West Virginia]], where she continues to reside. She is a [[Cherokee|Cherokee native]].<ref name=GEP /> Her family has lived in the West Virginia for generations, and she comes from a long line of [[Coal mining|coal miners]].<ref name="EJ">{{cite web|title=Mountain Heroes: Mariah Gunnoe|url=http://earthjustice.org/mountain-heroes/maria-gunnoe#|website=EarthJustice|accessdate=23 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="GJEP">{{cite web|title=Maria Gunnoe|url=http://globaljusticeecology.org/media-programs/new-voices-speakers-bureau/maria-gunnoe/|website=Global Justice Ecology Project|date=25 March 2014|accessdate=23 November 2016}}</ref><ref name=GEP />
==Activism==
Gunnoe became involved in [[activism]] in 1997 as a [[Volunteering|volunteer]].<ref name=GJEP /> She expanded her efforts in the 2000s, when a Chris Cline owned|coal company, Jupiter Coal started a [[mountaintop removal]] [[Mining|mine]] near her [[home]]. The mining caused [[pollution]] and dangerous [[flood]]ing near her home, leaving her home nearly washed away.<ref name="flatten">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/jan/16/usa.paulharris|title=They flattened this mountaintop to find coal - and created a wasteland|last=Harris|first=Paul|date=16 January 2005|publisher=The Observer|accessdate=2009-04-22}}</ref><ref name="MGT">{{cite magazine|title=Maria Gunnoe: The Mountaintop Warrior|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/lists/the-fossil-fuel-resistance-meet-the-new-green-heroes-20130411/maria-gunnoe-the-mountaintop-warrior-19691231|magazine=Rolling Stone|date=11 April 2013|accessdate=23 November 2016}}</ref><ref name="heat">{{cite news|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/2006/0103/p02s01-ussc.html?s=widep|title=In coal country, heat rises over latest method of mining|last=Paulson|first=Amanda|date=January 3, 2006|publisher=Christian Science Monitor|accessdate=2009-04-22}}</ref><ref name="WL">{{cite web|title=2012, Maria Gunnoe|url=http://wallenberg.umich.edu/medal-recipients/2012-maria-gunnoe/|website=Wallenberg Legacy|date=23 October 2012 |accessdate=24 November 2016}}</ref> The [[water]] near her home was also rendered contaminated.<ref name=GEP /> To protect her home, Gunnoe decided that she would start activist work against the coal company and mountaintop mining. She has continued to be active in advocating against mountaintop mining despite receiving both threats and acts of violence, including having her dog shot and killed.<ref name=GEP /><ref name=flatten /><ref name=MGT /><ref name=heat /><ref name=GJEP /><ref name=WL /> She has become an organizer for the [[Ohio Valley Environmental Coalition]] and SouthWings, a company that conducts flights to show aerial views and photography of mountaintop mining and mountaintop removal.<ref name=EJ /><ref name=GEP /> In 2007, she [[Testimony|testified]] against the [[United States Army Corps of Engineers|Army Corps of Engineers]] in a suit brought against them by the Ohio Valley Environmental Coalition to stop mountaintop removal. She gathered 20 residents to testify with her.<ref name="WI">{{cite web|title=U.S. Activist Battles West Virginia Coal Industry|url=http://www.worldwatch.org/node/6094|website=Worldwatch Institute|accessdate=24 November 2016}}</ref> She now serves on the [[Board of directors|board]] of the Ohio Valley Environmental Coalition, and advocates to protect the [[Monongahela National Forest]] from [[natural gas]] extraction.<ref name="WVF">{{cite web|title=West Virginia's Wonder Women|url=http://www.wvfocus.com/2014/09/west-virginias-wonder-women/|website=West Virginia Focus|accessdate=24 November 2016}}</ref>
==Honors and appearances==
* In 2005, Gunnoe received the Environmental Courage Award from the [[West Virginia Environmental Council]].<ref name=GJEP />
* In 2006, Gunnoe received the [[Callaway Award]] for her organizing efforts in her [[southern West Virginia]] community.<ref name="ohio">{{cite web|url=http://www.ohvec.org/press_room/press_releases/2006/12_14.html|title=The Shafeek Nader Trust for the Community Interest Presents the Joe A. Callaway Award for Civic Courage on Thursday December 14, 2006|date=December 14, 2006|publisher=Ohio Valley Environmental Coalition|accessdate=2009-04-22}}</ref>
* In 2007, she also received the David Vs. Goliath Award from the [[Rainforest Action Network]].<ref name=GJEP />
▲* In 2009 Gunnoe received the [[Goldman Environmental Prize]], which is the second time an environmentalist has been awarded a Goldman Prize for fighting coal mining operations in West Virginia. In 2003, [[Julia Bonds]] won a Goldman for opposing the controversial practice of mountaintop removal in Appalachia.<ref name=gun/><ref>[
* In October 2012, Gunnoe received the [[University of Michigan]]'s [[Wallenberg Medal]], and was the first person to receive the award for environmentalist work.<ref name=EJ /><ref name=WL />
Gunnoe is featured in the:
* 2008 documentary film ''[[Burning the Future: Coal in America]]'',
* the 2007 documentary film [[Mountaintop Removal (film)|Mountain Top Removal]], and the
* 2011 documentary film ''[[The Last Mountain]]''.<ref name="NYT">{{cite web|url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/452816/Burning-the-Future-Coal-in-America/details|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021082541/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/452816/Burning-the-Future-Coal-in-America/details|url-status=dead|archive-date=2012-10-21|department=Movies & TV Dept.|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=2012|title=Burning the Future: Coal in America (2008)|accessdate=2009-04-22}}</ref>
==Further reading==
* [http://grist.org/article/2009-04-24-interview-with-maria-gunnoe/ 2009 interview with Maria Gunnoe about mountaintop mining and her activism]
* [http://www.alternet.org/story/155756/maria_gunnoe_testifies_before_congress%3A_mountaintop_removal_is_killing_people Mariah Gunnoe's testimony in a 2012 Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources Oversight hearing]
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-ach}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Aung San Suu Kyi]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Wallenberg Medal]]ist|years=2012}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Nicholas Winton]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Gunnoe, Maria}}
[[Category:American environmentalists]]
[[Category:American women environmentalists]]
[[Category:Mountaintop removal mining]]
[[Category:Anti-mining activists]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1968 births]]
[[Category:Goldman Environmental Prize awardees]]
[[Category:21st-century American women]]
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