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{{Short description|One hundred years, from 900 BC to 801 BC}}
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{{Centurybox|-9}}
The '''9th century BC''' started the first day of 900 BC and ended the last day of 801 BC. It was a period of great change for several civilizations. In [[Africa]], [[Carthage]] is founded by the [[Phoenicia]]ns. In [[Egypt]], a severe flood covers the floor of [[Luxor]] temple, and years later, a civil war starts.
It is the beginning of the [[Iron Age]] in [[Central Europe]], with the spread of the [[Proto-Celtic]] [[Hallstatt culture]], and the [[Proto-Celtic language]].
The major [[Olmec]] site of [[San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán]] in [[Mesoamerica]] declined in importance, after having been active since [[15th century BC]].
==Events==
[[Image:ShalmaneserIII.jpg|thumb|
=== [[890s BC]] ===
*
*
*
* 891 BC: [[Tukulti-Ninurta II]] succeeds his father [[Adad-nirari II]] as king of [[Assyria]].
* 890 BC: [[Napoli]] some reports and excavations about the foundation of the city
=== [[880s BC]] ===
*
*885 BC: [[Takelot I]] succeeds Soshenq II as king of Egypt.
*885 BC: [[King Yi of Zhou (Xie)|King Yi of Zhou]], son of King Yih, is restored to the throne.
* 884 BC: [[Ashurnasirpal II]] succeeds his father [[Tukulti-Ninurta II]] as king of [[Assyria]].
=== [[870s BC]] ===
* ~880 BC: [[Ashurnasirpal II]] moves the Assyrian capital from [[Assur]] to [[Nimrud]].
* 879 BC: Death of [[King Yi of Zhou (Ji Xie)|King Yi of Zhou]], King of the [[Zhou Dynasty]] of China.
* 878 BC: [[King Li of Zhou]] becomes King of the [[Zhou Dynasty]] of China.
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=== [[860s BC]] ===
* 865 BC:
* 864 BC:
* 860 BC: The kingdom of [[Urartu]] is unified.
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* 858 BC: [[Shalmaneser III]] succeeds [[Ashurnasirpal II]] as king of [[Assyria]].
* 854/3 BC: [[Battle of Karkar]]—An indecisive engagement between [[Assyria]]n king [[Shalmaneser III]] and a military alliance of the king of [[Damascus]] and lesser powers including the [[prince]] of [[Tyre (Lebanon)|Tyre]]. (Either 854 or 853 BC)
* 850 BC: [[Takelot II]]
* 850 BC: The [[Mumun Pottery Period|Middle Mumun Pottery Period]] begins in the [[Korean peninsula]].
* 850 BC: [[Tagaung Kingdom]] is founded by [[Abhiyaza]] of the [[Shakya|Sakya clan]] of the [[Buddha]] in 850 BCE, present-day northern [[Burma]] at the upper banks of the Irrawaddy river.<ref name=hy-1-153-154>Hmannan Vol. 1 2003: 153–154</ref>
=== [[840s BC]] ===
* 845 BC:
* 842 BC: [[Shalmaneser III]] devastates the territory of [[Damascus]]; [[Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)|Kingdom of Israel]] and the [[Phoenicia]]n cities send tribute.
* 841 BC:
* 841 BC: ''[[Records of the Grand Historian]]'' regards this year as the first year of consecutive annual dating of [[Chinese history]].
* 841 BC: [[Ahaziah of Judah]] and [[Jehoram of Israel]] are assassinated, either by the [[Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)|Israelite]] usurper [[Jehu]], or the newly crowned [[Hazael]] of [[Aram-Damascus]], per the [[Tel Dan stele]].
* 840 BC: [[Gopala Dynasty]] started in Nepal
=== [[830s BC]] ===
* 836 BC: [[Shalmaneser III]] of [[Assyria]] leads an expedition against the
* 836 BC: [[Civil war]] breaks out in [[Egypt]].
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* 827 BC: [[King Xuan of Zhou]] becomes King of the [[Zhou Dynasty]] of China.
* 825 BC: [[Takelot II]], king of [[History of Egypt|Egypt]], dies. [[Crown Prince]] [[Osorkon III]] and [[Shoshenq III]], sons of Takelot, battle for the throne.
* c. 825 BC: [[Ariphron]], [[Kings of Athens|King of Athens]], dies after a reign of 20 years and is succeeded by his son
* 823 BC: Death of [[Shalmaneser III]], king of [[Assyria]]. He is succeeded by his son [[Shamshi-Adad V]].
* 820 BC: [[Pygmalion of Tyre|Pygmalion]] ascends the throne of [[Tyre (Lebanon)|Tyre]].
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* Beginning of the [[Iron Age]] in [[Central Europe]], spread of the [[Proto-Celtic]] [[Hallstatt culture]], and the [[Proto-Celtic language]].
* [[Adena culture]] appears in present-day [[Northeastern United States]].
==Inventions, discoveries, introductions==
*First inscriptions in [[South Arabian alphabet|Epigraphic South Arabian]] found in [[Akkele Guzay]]<ref>Fattovich, Rodolfo, "Akkälä Guzay" in Uhlig, Siegbert, ed. ''Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: A-C''. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz KG, 2003, p. 169.</ref>
*9th century BC—[[Olmec]]s build [[pyramid]]s.
*9th century BC - [[Canal]] for transport constructed in Ancient China.
*Emergence of the [[Brahmana]] period of [[Vedic Sanskrit]], probable composition of the [[Shatapatha Brahmana]], and the first beginning of the [[Upanishad]]ic and [[Vedanta|Vedantic]] traditions of [[Hinduism]].
*9th century BC -- [[Parshvanath]] gives [[Karma_in_Jainism|Jain philosophy of Karma theory]], Vows of [[Sramana]] ([[Ahimsa]], [[Asteya]], [[Aparigraha]], [[Satya]])
==In works of fiction==
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* In ''[[True Blood]]'', the vampire known as Russell Edgington was born around 850 BC, and was turned about 800 BC.
==Sovereign
See: [[List of sovereign states in the 9th century BC]].
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==References==
* {{citation |last=Zimmer |first=Heinrich |
{{Decades and years}}
{{Centuries}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:9th Century Bc}}
[[Category:9th century BC| ]]▼
[[Category:1st millennium BC|-1]]
▲[[Category:9th century BC| ]]
[[Category:Centuries|-91]]
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