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{{Short description|American murderer (1889–1934)}}
{{one source|date=June 2018}}
'''Charles Makley''' (November 24, 1889–September 22, 1934), also known as '''Charles McGray''' and '''Fat Charles''', was an American criminal and bank robber active in the early 20th century, most notably as a criminal associate of [[John Dillinger]].▼
{{Infobox person
| name = Charles Makley
| image = makley mug.jpg
| birth_name = Charles Omer Makley
| birth_date = November 24, 1889
| birth_place = [[Saint Marys, Ohio]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|1934|9|22|1889|11|24}}
| death_place = [[Ohio State Penitentiary]], [[Columbus, Ohio]], U.S.
| death_cause = [[Gunshot wound]]s
| resting_place = Sugar Ridge Cemetery<br>[[Leipsic, Ohio]], U.S.
| other_names = Fat Charles, Charles McGray
| occupation = Bank Robber
| known_for = Member of The Dillinger Gang
| criminal_charge = Bank Robbery
| criminal_penalty = 10-20 Years (Escaped before serving full sentence)
| criminal_status = Deceased
}}
▲'''Charles Omer Makley''' (November 24, 1889 – September 22, 1934), also known as '''Charles McGray''' and '''Fat Charles''', was an American criminal and bank robber active in the early 20th century, most notably as a criminal associate of [[John Dillinger]].
==Early life and education==
Makley (Pronounced Make-lee) was born in [[St. Marys, Ohio]], to Edward Makley and Martha Sunderland Makley. Charles was the oldest of five, with two brothers, George and Fred, and two sisters, Florence and Mildred. Makley dropped out of school in the eighth grade and turned to crime in his teens, first with petty theft, then [[rum-running|bootlegging]] and [[bank robbery]] in at least three Midwestern states.<ref name="checkmark">Newton, M. (2002). ''The Encyclopedia of Robberies, Heists, and Capers. Checkmark Books, an imprint of Facts on File, Inc. {{ISBN|0-8160-4489-9}}. pp. 183-184.</ref> Makley's father worked as a stone cutter and in the 1910 Ohio census a 20-year-old Charles is listed as working in his father’s profession.{{Citation needed|date=February 2007}} His parents had divorced by this time.
On his prison paperwork, Charles often listed his occupation as salesman. He also listed his wife as Edith Slife Makley, a woman
==Early criminal career==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2018}}
Makley did not begin a criminal career in earnest until his early thirties. On November 21, 1921, he was arrested for [[Receipt of stolen property|receiving stolen property]] in [[Detroit, Michigan]]. He was found not guilty. Over the next three years, Makley was arrested various times in Missouri.
On July 30, 1924, he was arrested in [[Wichita, Kansas]], for bank robbery, under the [[pseudonym|alias]] of Charles McGray. He was sentenced to 15 years, but was paroled in May 1928. A few days later, he robbed a bank in [[Hammond, Indiana|Hammond]], [[Indiana]]. He was apprehended on June 2, 1928, and sentenced to 10 to 20 years. Makley entered [[Indiana State Prison]] in [[Michigan City, Indiana|Michigan City]] on June 25, 1928.
==Meeting John Dillinger==
At the time of Makley’s incarceration, Indiana State Prison was on the silent system. Prisoners remained silent during work hours and in the dining hall. Makley was not a model prisoner, but incurred only minor infractions during his stay at Indiana State: possessing contraband cigarette papers
It was here that Makley became friends with a number of prominent bank robbers, including [[Harry Pierpont]], [[Homer Van Meter]], [[John Hamilton (gangster)|John Hamilton]], [[Russell Clark (criminal)|Russell Clark]], and [[John Dillinger]]. Dillinger was paroled in May 1933, but swore to liberate his friends, and had pistols smuggled in to Makley, Pierpont, Hamilton, Clark, and several other convicts. The pistols were smuggled in a crate of thread that was delivered to the prison shirt shop. On September 26, 1933, a total of ten armed men escaped from the main gate of Indiana State Prison.<ref name="checkmark"/> The ten escapees were
==Crime spree==
The ten escapees immediately split into two groups. Dietrich, Fox, Burns and James Clark commandeered a car at gunpoint from a sheriff that was taking a prisoner to Michigan city and split from the others.
It was around this time that the gang learned that Dillinger had himself recently been arrested for bank robbery and was being detained at the [[Allen County, Ohio|Allen County]] jail in [[Lima, Ohio]]. Determined to free Dillinger, the gang needed cash to fund an escape. On October 3, 1933, the gang robbed the First National Bank of [[St. Marys, Ohio|St. Mary's]], [[Ohio]].<ref>[http://www.allencountymuseum.org/sarber2.htm The Sarber/Dillinger Story] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070305210840/http://www.allencountymuseum.org/sarber2.htm |date=2007-03-05 }}. [http://www.allencountymuseum.org/ The Allen County Museum]. Retrieved November 27, 2006.</ref>
Nine days later, on October 12, gang members converged on the jail where Dillinger was being held. Pierpont, Makley, and Russell Clark entered the facility, while [[Ed Shouse]] remained outside as a lookout. The three men confronted Sheriff Jesse Sarber—in the presence of Deputy Wilbur Sharp and Sarber's wife—and stated that they were from Indiana State Prison with a transfer request for
On October 14, Dillinger, Makley, and the gang stole guns, ammunition and [[bulletproof vest]]s from a police station in [[Auburn, Indiana]]. On October 20, they pulled a similar heist at a police station in [[Peru, Indiana]]. On October 23, the gang used its new arsenal to rob a bank in [[Greencastle, Indiana]], escaping with $74,782. By the end of the year, Makley ranked fourth on Illinois' list of "public enemies", behind Dillinger, Pierpont, and Hamilton.<ref name="checkmark"/>
==Capture and trial for murder==
On January 25, 1934, while the gang was lying low in [[Tucson, Arizona]], a fire broke out in a leaky furnace at the Hotel Congress, where Makley and Clark were staying. They were rescued by the fire department, and bribed a fireman, William Benedict, to retrieve their suitcases, which contained their guns. Days after the fire, Benedict identified Makley from his mugshot in a ''True Detective'' magazine.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.fbi.gov/libref/historic/famcases/dillinger/dillinger.htm |title=FBI.gov Famous Cases: John Dillinger |accessdate=November 27, 2006 |
All three were later extradited to Lima, Ohio, to stand trial for Sheriff Sarber's murder. Testimony from Ed Shouse saw Makley, Clark and Pierpont convicted in three consecutive trials over the course of two weeks in March 1934, while Dillinger, who had escaped Crown Point and joined up with [[Baby Face Nelson]], robbed banks in Sioux Falls, South Dakota and Mason City, Iowa. On March 24, 1934, Makley and Pierpont received death sentences, while Clark received a life sentence. On March 27, the three were transferred to the Ohio State Prison
==Final escape attempt==
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2018}}
While waiting for their turn in the electric chair, Makley and Pierpont carved a pair of revolvers from large bars of soap, and blackened them with shoe polish. On September 22, 1934, the two used these props to attempt an escape. They assaulted a guard and freed Clark from his cell nearby. Before they had gone far, Clark, who was not looking at an imminent death sentence, lost his nerve and retreated to his cell. Moments later, armed guards arrived and shot Makley and Pierpont. Makley, hit in the [[thorax]] and abdomen, died on the scene. Pierpont was seriously wounded, but survived and was later executed. Makley's death certificate states that internal hemorrhaging from these wounds caused his death. He is buried in the Sugar Ridge Cemetery in [[Leipsic, Ohio]].
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==Other media==
In the 2009 film ''[[Public Enemies (2009 film)|Public Enemies]]'', Makley is played by [[Christian Stolte]].
==References==
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[[Category:1934 deaths]]
[[Category:American bank robbers]]
[[Category:
[[Category:Depression-era gangsters]]▼
[[Category:Lima, Ohio]]▼
[[Category:Deaths by firearm in Ohio]]▼
[[Category:American people who died in prison custody]]
[[Category:American prisoners sentenced to death]]
▲[[Category:Depression-era gangsters]]
▲[[Category:Deaths by firearm in Ohio]]
▲[[Category:Lima, Ohio]]
[[Category:Prisoners who died in Ohio detention]]
[[Category:Prisoners sentenced to death by Ohio]]
[[Category:People convicted of murder by Ohio]]
[[Category:People from St. Mary's, Ohio]]
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